Institutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin Management : The Jaguaribe River Basin, Ceará, Brazil
The authors describe and analyze water resources reform and decentralization of river basin management in the state of Ceara, Northeast Brazil, the poorest part of the country. The Jaguaribe river basin is located entirely within the state of Ceara. With a drainage area of 72,560 square kilometers,...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2012
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/06/5866161/institutional-policy-analysis-river-basin-management-jaguaribe-river-basin-ceara-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8298 |
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okr-10986-8298 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
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Foreign Institution |
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Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ADEQUATE SANITATION AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES ALLOCATION PROCESS ARID REGIONS BASIN AREA BASIN LEVEL BASIN MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES BASIN MANAGEMENT ISSUES BASIN MANAGEMENT PARTICIPANTS BASIN ORGANIZATIONS BASIN POPULATION BASIN-LEVEL INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS BULK WATER CATTLE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT CIVIL SOCIETY CLIMATIC CONDITIONS COAST COLLECTION OF WATER CONSTRUCTION CONSUMPTIVE USE CONSUMPTIVE USES CUBIC METERS DEMAND ESTIMATES DEMAND FOR WATER DEMAND MANAGEMENT DIVERSION DROUGHT DROUGHT EXPOSURE DRY SEASON DRY YEARS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FARMERS FARMING FRESHWATER RESOURCES GROUNDWATER GROUNDWATER RESOURCES HOUSEHOLDS INDUSTRIAL WATER INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT INTER-BASIN TRANSFERS IRRIGATION IRRIGATION WATER LAND DEGRADATION LAND USE LARGE DAMS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS LOCAL-LEVEL BASIN GOVERNANCE MAIN WATER SOURCES MAINTENANCE OF WATER MANAGING WATER RESOURCES METEOROLOGY MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT MUNICIPAL INSTITUTIONS MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER MUNICIPAL WATER MUNICIPALITIES NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PERMITS POINT SOURCE POLLUTION POPULATION DENSITY POPULATION GROWTH PRECIPITATION PROGRAMS PROTECTION AGAINST DROUGHT RAINFALL RESERVOIRS RIVER BASIN RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT INSTITUTIONS RIVER BASINS RIVERS SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE SANITATION SERVICES SERVICE PROVISION SEWAGE COLLECTION SOUTH AMERICA STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION STORAGE CAPACITY SUB-BASIN SURFACE WATER URBAN AREAS URBAN WATER URBAN WATER SUPPLY WASTEWATER COLLECTION WATER AGENCIES WATER ALLOCATION WATER ALLOCATIONS WATER AVAILABILITY WATER CHARGES WATER CONSUMPTION WATER DEMAND WATER FEES WATER FLOWS WATER INFRASTRUCTURE WATER LAW WATER LEGISLATION WATER MANAGEMENT WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WATER POLICY WATER PRICING WATER QUALITY WATER QUALITY CONTROL WATER QUANTITY WATER RESOURCE WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT WATER RIGHTS WATER SANITATION WATER SCARCITY WATER SECURITY WATER STORAGE WATER SUPPLY WATER SUPPLY SERVICES WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM WATER TRANSFER WATER USE WATER USER WATER USER ASSOCIATIONS WATER USERS WATER USES WATERS WATERWAYS |
| spellingShingle |
ADEQUATE SANITATION AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES ALLOCATION PROCESS ARID REGIONS BASIN AREA BASIN LEVEL BASIN MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES BASIN MANAGEMENT ISSUES BASIN MANAGEMENT PARTICIPANTS BASIN ORGANIZATIONS BASIN POPULATION BASIN-LEVEL INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS BULK WATER CATTLE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT CIVIL SOCIETY CLIMATIC CONDITIONS COAST COLLECTION OF WATER CONSTRUCTION CONSUMPTIVE USE CONSUMPTIVE USES CUBIC METERS DEMAND ESTIMATES DEMAND FOR WATER DEMAND MANAGEMENT DIVERSION DROUGHT DROUGHT EXPOSURE DRY SEASON DRY YEARS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FARMERS FARMING FRESHWATER RESOURCES GROUNDWATER GROUNDWATER RESOURCES HOUSEHOLDS INDUSTRIAL WATER INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT INTER-BASIN TRANSFERS IRRIGATION IRRIGATION WATER LAND DEGRADATION LAND USE LARGE DAMS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS LOCAL-LEVEL BASIN GOVERNANCE MAIN WATER SOURCES MAINTENANCE OF WATER MANAGING WATER RESOURCES METEOROLOGY MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT MUNICIPAL INSTITUTIONS MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER MUNICIPAL WATER MUNICIPALITIES NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PERMITS POINT SOURCE POLLUTION POPULATION DENSITY POPULATION GROWTH PRECIPITATION PROGRAMS PROTECTION AGAINST DROUGHT RAINFALL RESERVOIRS RIVER BASIN RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT INSTITUTIONS RIVER BASINS RIVERS SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE SANITATION SERVICES SERVICE PROVISION SEWAGE COLLECTION SOUTH AMERICA STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION STORAGE CAPACITY SUB-BASIN SURFACE WATER URBAN AREAS URBAN WATER URBAN WATER SUPPLY WASTEWATER COLLECTION WATER AGENCIES WATER ALLOCATION WATER ALLOCATIONS WATER AVAILABILITY WATER CHARGES WATER CONSUMPTION WATER DEMAND WATER FEES WATER FLOWS WATER INFRASTRUCTURE WATER LAW WATER LEGISLATION WATER MANAGEMENT WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WATER POLICY WATER PRICING WATER QUALITY WATER QUALITY CONTROL WATER QUANTITY WATER RESOURCE WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT WATER RIGHTS WATER SANITATION WATER SCARCITY WATER SECURITY WATER STORAGE WATER SUPPLY WATER SUPPLY SERVICES WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM WATER TRANSFER WATER USE WATER USER WATER USER ASSOCIATIONS WATER USERS WATER USES WATERS WATERWAYS Johnsson, Rosa Maria Formiga Kemper, Karin Erika Institutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin Management : The Jaguaribe River Basin, Ceará, Brazil |
| geographic_facet |
Latin America & Caribbean Brazil |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3649 |
| description |
The authors describe and analyze water resources reform and decentralization of river basin management in the state of Ceara, Northeast Brazil, the poorest part of the country. The Jaguaribe river basin is located entirely within the state of Ceara. With a drainage area of 72,560 square kilometers, it covers almost half of the state's territory. The basin has 80 municipalities and more than 2 million people, about half rural and half urban, in primarily small towns, representing about a third of Ceara's population. Precipitation in the basin is highly variable, ranging from 400 mm in the hinterland to 1,200 mm along the coast. Rivers in the basin are ephemeral and only flow during the rainy season. The key water management challenge is to capture the water in reservoirs in rainy years and to manage it such that it will last for several years, in case the following years are drought years. The other important challenge is the increasing dependence of the state capital Fortaleza, located in a different basin, on water from the Jaguaribe basin. Decentralization of decisionmaking has taken place at two levels. Devolution from the federal to the state level in the past 15 years was highly successful. The state has created its own Water Resources Management Company (COGERH) which is responsible for water resources management throughout the state. Decentralization from state to local level has been more partial. Although COGERH has decentralized the allocation of strategic reservoir waters to local institutions, many traditional water management attributions continue under its and the state's purview, such as water permits, bulk water pricing, planning, operation and maintenance of hydraulic infrastructure, groundwater management, and control. The creation of sub-basin committees and user commissions has increased stakeholder participation of all types. Although so far stakeholder involvement has been limited largely to the negotiated allocation of water and to conflict resolution, these experiences represent a radical transformation in management practices, transforming water users from uninformed takers of water management decisions to informed and aware participants in the management process. That said, local stakeholders still have no say in some decisionmaking processes that affect them directly, such as bulk water pricing or inter-basin transfers to Greater Fortaleza, which continue solely under the control of state government agencies. The case of the Jaguaribe basin shows that (1) long-standing political support is of major importance in the development and implementation of water resources management reform, (2) that institutional arrangements for water resources management can successfully be adapted to local conditions to achieve positive outcomes, and (3) that even with initial conditions that seem to not favor change, decentralization can be achieved. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Johnsson, Rosa Maria Formiga Kemper, Karin Erika |
| author_facet |
Johnsson, Rosa Maria Formiga Kemper, Karin Erika |
| author_sort |
Johnsson, Rosa Maria Formiga |
| title |
Institutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin Management : The Jaguaribe River Basin, Ceará, Brazil |
| title_short |
Institutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin Management : The Jaguaribe River Basin, Ceará, Brazil |
| title_full |
Institutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin Management : The Jaguaribe River Basin, Ceará, Brazil |
| title_fullStr |
Institutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin Management : The Jaguaribe River Basin, Ceará, Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Institutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin Management : The Jaguaribe River Basin, Ceará, Brazil |
| title_sort |
institutional and policy analysis of river basin management : the jaguaribe river basin, ceará, brazil |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/06/5866161/institutional-policy-analysis-river-basin-management-jaguaribe-river-basin-ceara-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8298 |
| _version_ |
1764407577905463296 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-82982021-04-23T14:02:43Z Institutional and Policy Analysis of River Basin Management : The Jaguaribe River Basin, Ceará, Brazil Johnsson, Rosa Maria Formiga Kemper, Karin Erika ADEQUATE SANITATION AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES ALLOCATION PROCESS ARID REGIONS BASIN AREA BASIN LEVEL BASIN MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES BASIN MANAGEMENT ISSUES BASIN MANAGEMENT PARTICIPANTS BASIN ORGANIZATIONS BASIN POPULATION BASIN-LEVEL INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS BULK WATER CATTLE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT CIVIL SOCIETY CLIMATIC CONDITIONS COAST COLLECTION OF WATER CONSTRUCTION CONSUMPTIVE USE CONSUMPTIVE USES CUBIC METERS DEMAND ESTIMATES DEMAND FOR WATER DEMAND MANAGEMENT DIVERSION DROUGHT DROUGHT EXPOSURE DRY SEASON DRY YEARS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FARMERS FARMING FRESHWATER RESOURCES GROUNDWATER GROUNDWATER RESOURCES HOUSEHOLDS INDUSTRIAL WATER INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT INTER-BASIN TRANSFERS IRRIGATION IRRIGATION WATER LAND DEGRADATION LAND USE LARGE DAMS LOCAL AUTHORITIES LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS LOCAL-LEVEL BASIN GOVERNANCE MAIN WATER SOURCES MAINTENANCE OF WATER MANAGING WATER RESOURCES METEOROLOGY MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT MUNICIPAL INSTITUTIONS MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER MUNICIPAL WATER MUNICIPALITIES NATIONAL WATER RESOURCES NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PERMITS POINT SOURCE POLLUTION POPULATION DENSITY POPULATION GROWTH PRECIPITATION PROGRAMS PROTECTION AGAINST DROUGHT RAINFALL RESERVOIRS RIVER BASIN RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT INSTITUTIONS RIVER BASINS RIVERS SANITATION INFRASTRUCTURE SANITATION SERVICES SERVICE PROVISION SEWAGE COLLECTION SOUTH AMERICA STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION STORAGE CAPACITY SUB-BASIN SURFACE WATER URBAN AREAS URBAN WATER URBAN WATER SUPPLY WASTEWATER COLLECTION WATER AGENCIES WATER ALLOCATION WATER ALLOCATIONS WATER AVAILABILITY WATER CHARGES WATER CONSUMPTION WATER DEMAND WATER FEES WATER FLOWS WATER INFRASTRUCTURE WATER LAW WATER LEGISLATION WATER MANAGEMENT WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WATER POLICY WATER PRICING WATER QUALITY WATER QUALITY CONTROL WATER QUANTITY WATER RESOURCE WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT WATER RIGHTS WATER SANITATION WATER SCARCITY WATER SECURITY WATER STORAGE WATER SUPPLY WATER SUPPLY SERVICES WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM WATER TRANSFER WATER USE WATER USER WATER USER ASSOCIATIONS WATER USERS WATER USES WATERS WATERWAYS The authors describe and analyze water resources reform and decentralization of river basin management in the state of Ceara, Northeast Brazil, the poorest part of the country. The Jaguaribe river basin is located entirely within the state of Ceara. With a drainage area of 72,560 square kilometers, it covers almost half of the state's territory. The basin has 80 municipalities and more than 2 million people, about half rural and half urban, in primarily small towns, representing about a third of Ceara's population. Precipitation in the basin is highly variable, ranging from 400 mm in the hinterland to 1,200 mm along the coast. Rivers in the basin are ephemeral and only flow during the rainy season. The key water management challenge is to capture the water in reservoirs in rainy years and to manage it such that it will last for several years, in case the following years are drought years. The other important challenge is the increasing dependence of the state capital Fortaleza, located in a different basin, on water from the Jaguaribe basin. Decentralization of decisionmaking has taken place at two levels. Devolution from the federal to the state level in the past 15 years was highly successful. The state has created its own Water Resources Management Company (COGERH) which is responsible for water resources management throughout the state. Decentralization from state to local level has been more partial. Although COGERH has decentralized the allocation of strategic reservoir waters to local institutions, many traditional water management attributions continue under its and the state's purview, such as water permits, bulk water pricing, planning, operation and maintenance of hydraulic infrastructure, groundwater management, and control. The creation of sub-basin committees and user commissions has increased stakeholder participation of all types. Although so far stakeholder involvement has been limited largely to the negotiated allocation of water and to conflict resolution, these experiences represent a radical transformation in management practices, transforming water users from uninformed takers of water management decisions to informed and aware participants in the management process. That said, local stakeholders still have no say in some decisionmaking processes that affect them directly, such as bulk water pricing or inter-basin transfers to Greater Fortaleza, which continue solely under the control of state government agencies. The case of the Jaguaribe basin shows that (1) long-standing political support is of major importance in the development and implementation of water resources management reform, (2) that institutional arrangements for water resources management can successfully be adapted to local conditions to achieve positive outcomes, and (3) that even with initial conditions that seem to not favor change, decentralization can be achieved. 2012-06-18T18:08:51Z 2012-06-18T18:08:51Z 2005-06 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/06/5866161/institutional-policy-analysis-river-basin-management-jaguaribe-river-basin-ceara-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8298 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3649 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Latin America & Caribbean Brazil |