Agricultural Distortions in Sub-Saharan Africa : Trade and Welfare Indicators, 1961 to 2004
For decades, agricultural price and trade policies in Sub-Saharan Africa have hampered farmers contributions to economic growth and poverty reduction. Although there has been much policy reform over the past two decades, the injections of agricult...
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2012
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Online Access: | http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20100623090554 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3830 |
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okr-10986-38302021-04-23T14:02:13Z Agricultural Distortions in Sub-Saharan Africa : Trade and Welfare Indicators, 1961 to 2004 Croser, Johanna Anderson, Kym AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRICE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE ANTI-TRADE BENCHMARK BORDER PRICE COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMPETITIVE MARKETS CONSUMER PRICE CONSUMER PRICES CONSUMERS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DOLLAR VALUES DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION DOMESTIC DEMAND DOMESTIC DISTORTIONS DOMESTIC PRICE DOMESTIC PRODUCTION ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES ECONOMIC COOPERATION ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC WELFARE ELASTICITY ASSUMPTION EQUILIBRIUM EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORT SUBSIDY EXPORT TAX EXPORT TAX EQUIVALENTS EXPORT TAXES EXPORTABLE GOODS EXPORTS FOOD PRICES FREE TRADE GDP GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GLOBAL MARKETS GLOBAL TRADE GROSS VALUE IMPORT TARIFF IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORT TAX IMPORT TAXES IMPORT VOLUME IMPORTS INDEX NUMBERS INPUT PRICES INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE POLICY MARKET FAILURE MARKET INDEXES NATIONAL INCOME OPEN ECONOMY OUTPUT PARTICULAR COUNTRY POVERTY ALLEVIATION PREFERENTIAL TRADE PRICE CHANGE PRICE DISTORTION PRICE DISTORTIONS PRICE ELASTICITY PRICE SUPPORT PRODUCER PRICE PRODUCER PRICES REGIONAL TRADE REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS SUPPLY CURVES SUPPLY FUNCTIONS SURPLUS TARIFF DATA TARIFF RATE TAX TAX RATE TAXATION TRADE COSTS TRADE DATA TRADE DISTORTIONS TRADE EFFECTS TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE PRICES TRADE REDUCTION TRADE TAX TRADE VOLUME TRANSITION ECONOMIES TRANSPARENCY VALUE OF IMPORTS VOLUME OF TRADE WELFARE ECONOMICS WELFARE IMPACTS WELFARE LOSS WELFARE LOSSES For decades, agricultural price and trade policies in Sub-Saharan Africa have hampered farmers contributions to economic growth and poverty reduction. Although there has been much policy reform over the past two decades, the injections of agricultural development funding, together with ongoing regional and global trade negotiations, have brought distortionary policies under the spotlight once again. A key question asked of those policies is: How much are they still reducing national economic welfare and trade? Economy-wide models are able to address that question, but they are not available for many poor countries. Even where they are, typically they apply to just one particular previous year and so are unable to provide trends in effects over time. This paper provides a partial-equilibrium alternative to economy-wide modeling, by drawing on a modification of so-called trade restrictiveness indexes to provide theoretically precise indicators of the trade and welfare effects of agricultural policy distortions to producer and consumer prices over the past half-century. The authors generate time series of country level indexes, as well as Africa-wide aggregates. They also provide annual commodity market indexes for the region, and a sense of the relative importance of the key policy instruments used. 2012-03-19T18:40:34Z 2012-03-19T18:40:34Z 2010-06-01 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20100623090554 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3830 English Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5344 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Africa Africa Africa |
repository_type |
Digital Repository |
institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
institution |
Digital Repositories |
building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
collection |
World Bank |
language |
English |
topic |
AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRICE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE ANTI-TRADE BENCHMARK BORDER PRICE COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMPETITIVE MARKETS CONSUMER PRICE CONSUMER PRICES CONSUMERS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DOLLAR VALUES DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION DOMESTIC DEMAND DOMESTIC DISTORTIONS DOMESTIC PRICE DOMESTIC PRODUCTION ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES ECONOMIC COOPERATION ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC WELFARE ELASTICITY ASSUMPTION EQUILIBRIUM EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORT SUBSIDY EXPORT TAX EXPORT TAX EQUIVALENTS EXPORT TAXES EXPORTABLE GOODS EXPORTS FOOD PRICES FREE TRADE GDP GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GLOBAL MARKETS GLOBAL TRADE GROSS VALUE IMPORT TARIFF IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORT TAX IMPORT TAXES IMPORT VOLUME IMPORTS INDEX NUMBERS INPUT PRICES INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE POLICY MARKET FAILURE MARKET INDEXES NATIONAL INCOME OPEN ECONOMY OUTPUT PARTICULAR COUNTRY POVERTY ALLEVIATION PREFERENTIAL TRADE PRICE CHANGE PRICE DISTORTION PRICE DISTORTIONS PRICE ELASTICITY PRICE SUPPORT PRODUCER PRICE PRODUCER PRICES REGIONAL TRADE REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS SUPPLY CURVES SUPPLY FUNCTIONS SURPLUS TARIFF DATA TARIFF RATE TAX TAX RATE TAXATION TRADE COSTS TRADE DATA TRADE DISTORTIONS TRADE EFFECTS TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE PRICES TRADE REDUCTION TRADE TAX TRADE VOLUME TRANSITION ECONOMIES TRANSPARENCY VALUE OF IMPORTS VOLUME OF TRADE WELFARE ECONOMICS WELFARE IMPACTS WELFARE LOSS WELFARE LOSSES |
spellingShingle |
AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRICE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE ANTI-TRADE BENCHMARK BORDER PRICE COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMPETITIVE MARKETS CONSUMER PRICE CONSUMER PRICES CONSUMERS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DOLLAR VALUES DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION DOMESTIC DEMAND DOMESTIC DISTORTIONS DOMESTIC PRICE DOMESTIC PRODUCTION ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES ECONOMIC COOPERATION ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC WELFARE ELASTICITY ASSUMPTION EQUILIBRIUM EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORT SUBSIDY EXPORT TAX EXPORT TAX EQUIVALENTS EXPORT TAXES EXPORTABLE GOODS EXPORTS FOOD PRICES FREE TRADE GDP GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GLOBAL MARKETS GLOBAL TRADE GROSS VALUE IMPORT TARIFF IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORT TAX IMPORT TAXES IMPORT VOLUME IMPORTS INDEX NUMBERS INPUT PRICES INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE POLICY MARKET FAILURE MARKET INDEXES NATIONAL INCOME OPEN ECONOMY OUTPUT PARTICULAR COUNTRY POVERTY ALLEVIATION PREFERENTIAL TRADE PRICE CHANGE PRICE DISTORTION PRICE DISTORTIONS PRICE ELASTICITY PRICE SUPPORT PRODUCER PRICE PRODUCER PRICES REGIONAL TRADE REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS SUPPLY CURVES SUPPLY FUNCTIONS SURPLUS TARIFF DATA TARIFF RATE TAX TAX RATE TAXATION TRADE COSTS TRADE DATA TRADE DISTORTIONS TRADE EFFECTS TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE PRICES TRADE REDUCTION TRADE TAX TRADE VOLUME TRANSITION ECONOMIES TRANSPARENCY VALUE OF IMPORTS VOLUME OF TRADE WELFARE ECONOMICS WELFARE IMPACTS WELFARE LOSS WELFARE LOSSES Croser, Johanna Anderson, Kym Agricultural Distortions in Sub-Saharan Africa : Trade and Welfare Indicators, 1961 to 2004 |
geographic_facet |
Africa Africa Africa |
relation |
Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5344 |
description |
For decades, agricultural price and
trade policies in Sub-Saharan Africa have hampered farmers
contributions to economic growth and poverty reduction.
Although there has been much policy reform over the past two
decades, the injections of agricultural development funding,
together with ongoing regional and global trade
negotiations, have brought distortionary policies under the
spotlight once again. A key question asked of those policies
is: How much are they still reducing national economic
welfare and trade? Economy-wide models are able to address
that question, but they are not available for many poor
countries. Even where they are, typically they apply to just
one particular previous year and so are unable to provide
trends in effects over time. This paper provides a
partial-equilibrium alternative to economy-wide modeling, by
drawing on a modification of so-called trade restrictiveness
indexes to provide theoretically precise indicators of the
trade and welfare effects of agricultural policy distortions
to producer and consumer prices over the past half-century.
The authors generate time series of country level indexes,
as well as Africa-wide aggregates. They also provide annual
commodity market indexes for the region, and a sense of the
relative importance of the key policy instruments used. |
format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
author |
Croser, Johanna Anderson, Kym |
author_facet |
Croser, Johanna Anderson, Kym |
author_sort |
Croser, Johanna |
title |
Agricultural Distortions in Sub-Saharan Africa : Trade and Welfare Indicators, 1961 to 2004 |
title_short |
Agricultural Distortions in Sub-Saharan Africa : Trade and Welfare Indicators, 1961 to 2004 |
title_full |
Agricultural Distortions in Sub-Saharan Africa : Trade and Welfare Indicators, 1961 to 2004 |
title_fullStr |
Agricultural Distortions in Sub-Saharan Africa : Trade and Welfare Indicators, 1961 to 2004 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Agricultural Distortions in Sub-Saharan Africa : Trade and Welfare Indicators, 1961 to 2004 |
title_sort |
agricultural distortions in sub-saharan africa : trade and welfare indicators, 1961 to 2004 |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20100623090554 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3830 |
_version_ |
1764388563058688000 |