Indonesia's Doctors, Midwives and Nurses : Current Stock, Increasing Needs, Future Challenges and Options

This paper is one of several inputs prepared for a comprehensive Health Sector Review that the Government of Indonesia is currently conducting. It compiles, analyzes and interprets available information on Indonesia's health service providers;...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: World Bank
Format: Other Health Study
Language:English
Published: World Bank 2012
Subjects:
NCD
TB
Online Access:http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000334955_20090622105305
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3053
id okr-10986-3053
recordtype oai_dc
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
topic ACCESS TO CARE
BABY
BIRTH ATTENDANT
CENTER FOR HEALTH
CERTIFICATION
CHILD HEALTH
CLINICS
COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
COMMUNITY HEALTH
COMPETENCIES
DECISION MAKING
DEMAND FOR SERVICES
DISEASE
DOCTORS
DRUGS
EMPLOYMENT
EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHANGES
EXPENDITURES
GENERAL PRACTITIONERS
GLOBAL HEALTH
GROWTH IN POPULATION
GYNECOLOGY
HEALTH CARE
HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS
HEALTH CARE PROVISION
HEALTH CARE QUALITY
HEALTH CARE SERVICES
HEALTH CARE WORKERS
HEALTH CENTERS
HEALTH FACILITIES
HEALTH INSTITUTIONS
HEALTH INSURANCE
HEALTH MANAGEMENT
HEALTH OUTCOMES
HEALTH POLICY
HEALTH PROBLEMS
HEALTH PROFESSIONAL
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
HEALTH PROVIDERS
HEALTH SECTOR
HEALTH SERVICE
HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY
HEALTH SERVICE MANAGEMENT
HEALTH SERVICE PROVIDERS
HEALTH SERVICE UTILIZATION
HEALTH SERVICES
HEALTH SPECIALIST
HEALTH STRATEGY
HEALTH SYSTEM
HEALTH WORKERS
HEALTH WORKFORCE
HOME AFFAIRS
HOME DELIVERIES
HOSPITAL
HOSPITAL BEDS
HOSPITALS
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES
HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT
ILLNESS
IMMUNIZATION
IMPORTANT POLICY
INCOME
INEQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION
INEQUITIES
INFANT
INFANT MORTALITY
INFANT MORTALITY RATE
INFORMATION SYSTEM
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
INTEGRATION
LABOR FORCE
LABOR MARKET
LEGAL STATUS
LIVE BIRTHS
LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
MALNUTRITION
MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH
MATERNAL CARE
MATERNAL MORTALITY
MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE
MEDICAL DISCIPLINES
MEDICAL DOCTOR
MEDICAL DOCTORS
MEDICAL EDUCATION
MEDICAL PERSONNEL
MEDICAL PRACTICE
MEDICAL SCHOOL
MEDICAL SCHOOLS
MEDICAL SPECIALISTS
MEDICAL STAFF
MEDICAL TREATMENT
MEDICINE
MIDWIFE
MIDWIFERY
MIDWIVES
MIGRATION
MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
MINISTRIES OF HEALTH
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
MINISTRY OF HEALTH
MORBIDITY
MORTALITY
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
NATIONAL LEVEL
NCD
NUMBER OF BIRTHS
NUMBER OF PEOPLE
NUMBER OF WORKERS
NURSE
NURSES
NURSING
NUTRITION
NUTRITIONISTS
OBSTETRICS
OLDER PEOPLE
PATIENTS
PEDIATRICS
PERSONNEL POLICIES
PHARMACIES
PHARMACIST
PHARMACISTS
PHYSICIANS
POLICY DECISIONS
POLICY DEVELOPMENT
POPULATION DENSITY
POPULATION SIZE
PRENATAL CARE
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES
PRIMARY HEALTH SERVICES
PROGRESS
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
PUBLIC EDUCATION
PUBLIC HEALTH
PUBLIC HEALTH CARE
PUBLIC HOSPITALS
PUBLIC SERVICE
QUALITY CARE
QUALITY OF CARE
QUALITY OF EDUCATION
QUALITY OF HEALTH
QUALITY OF SERVICES
REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS
RESPECT
RURAL AREAS
SANITATION
SERVICE DELIVERY
SERVICE PROVIDERS
SERVICE PROVISION
SERVICE UTILIZATION
SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANCE
SKILLED PERSONNEL
SOCIALIZATION
SPOUSE
STRESSES
SURGERY
TB
TECHNICAL CAPACITY
TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT
TUBERCULOSIS
URBAN AREAS
URBAN HEALTH CARE
WORK FORCE
WORKERS
WORKFORCE
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
YOUNG CHILDREN
spellingShingle ACCESS TO CARE
BABY
BIRTH ATTENDANT
CENTER FOR HEALTH
CERTIFICATION
CHILD HEALTH
CLINICS
COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
COMMUNITY HEALTH
COMPETENCIES
DECISION MAKING
DEMAND FOR SERVICES
DISEASE
DOCTORS
DRUGS
EMPLOYMENT
EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHANGES
EXPENDITURES
GENERAL PRACTITIONERS
GLOBAL HEALTH
GROWTH IN POPULATION
GYNECOLOGY
HEALTH CARE
HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS
HEALTH CARE PROVISION
HEALTH CARE QUALITY
HEALTH CARE SERVICES
HEALTH CARE WORKERS
HEALTH CENTERS
HEALTH FACILITIES
HEALTH INSTITUTIONS
HEALTH INSURANCE
HEALTH MANAGEMENT
HEALTH OUTCOMES
HEALTH POLICY
HEALTH PROBLEMS
HEALTH PROFESSIONAL
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
HEALTH PROVIDERS
HEALTH SECTOR
HEALTH SERVICE
HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY
HEALTH SERVICE MANAGEMENT
HEALTH SERVICE PROVIDERS
HEALTH SERVICE UTILIZATION
HEALTH SERVICES
HEALTH SPECIALIST
HEALTH STRATEGY
HEALTH SYSTEM
HEALTH WORKERS
HEALTH WORKFORCE
HOME AFFAIRS
HOME DELIVERIES
HOSPITAL
HOSPITAL BEDS
HOSPITALS
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
HUMAN RESOURCES
HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT
ILLNESS
IMMUNIZATION
IMPORTANT POLICY
INCOME
INEQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION
INEQUITIES
INFANT
INFANT MORTALITY
INFANT MORTALITY RATE
INFORMATION SYSTEM
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
INTEGRATION
LABOR FORCE
LABOR MARKET
LEGAL STATUS
LIVE BIRTHS
LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
MALNUTRITION
MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH
MATERNAL CARE
MATERNAL MORTALITY
MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE
MEDICAL DISCIPLINES
MEDICAL DOCTOR
MEDICAL DOCTORS
MEDICAL EDUCATION
MEDICAL PERSONNEL
MEDICAL PRACTICE
MEDICAL SCHOOL
MEDICAL SCHOOLS
MEDICAL SPECIALISTS
MEDICAL STAFF
MEDICAL TREATMENT
MEDICINE
MIDWIFE
MIDWIFERY
MIDWIVES
MIGRATION
MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
MINISTRIES OF HEALTH
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
MINISTRY OF HEALTH
MORBIDITY
MORTALITY
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
NATIONAL LEVEL
NCD
NUMBER OF BIRTHS
NUMBER OF PEOPLE
NUMBER OF WORKERS
NURSE
NURSES
NURSING
NUTRITION
NUTRITIONISTS
OBSTETRICS
OLDER PEOPLE
PATIENTS
PEDIATRICS
PERSONNEL POLICIES
PHARMACIES
PHARMACIST
PHARMACISTS
PHYSICIANS
POLICY DECISIONS
POLICY DEVELOPMENT
POPULATION DENSITY
POPULATION SIZE
PRENATAL CARE
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES
PRIMARY HEALTH SERVICES
PROGRESS
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
PUBLIC EDUCATION
PUBLIC HEALTH
PUBLIC HEALTH CARE
PUBLIC HOSPITALS
PUBLIC SERVICE
QUALITY CARE
QUALITY OF CARE
QUALITY OF EDUCATION
QUALITY OF HEALTH
QUALITY OF SERVICES
REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS
RESPECT
RURAL AREAS
SANITATION
SERVICE DELIVERY
SERVICE PROVIDERS
SERVICE PROVISION
SERVICE UTILIZATION
SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANCE
SKILLED PERSONNEL
SOCIALIZATION
SPOUSE
STRESSES
SURGERY
TB
TECHNICAL CAPACITY
TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT
TUBERCULOSIS
URBAN AREAS
URBAN HEALTH CARE
WORK FORCE
WORKERS
WORKFORCE
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
YOUNG CHILDREN
World Bank
Indonesia's Doctors, Midwives and Nurses : Current Stock, Increasing Needs, Future Challenges and Options
geographic_facet East Asia and Pacific
Southeast Asia
Asia
Indonesia
description This paper is one of several inputs prepared for a comprehensive Health Sector Review that the Government of Indonesia is currently conducting. It compiles, analyzes and interprets available information on Indonesia's health service providers; doctors, midwives and nurses. Within the limitations imposed by questions about the accuracy and timeliness of current workforce data, the paper describes the stock and distribution of health workers. The paper draws attention to weaknesses in the workforce planning methods in use, and then reviews the human resource policies, including governance structures and the regulatory framework, that affect health workers. It concludes by describing future challenges and some suggested ways of addressing these challenges. In brief, this paper identifies a number of main challenges in the health workforce in Indonesia. These are: (i) there is a shortage and inequitable distribution of medical doctors and specialists; (ii) the education of health professionals is of poor quality and the accreditation and certification system is weak; (iii) health workforce policy development and planning are not based on evidence or demand, but rather on standard norms that do not reflect real need or take into account the contribution of the private health sector; nor have they adapted to a decentralized paradigm, and finally; (iv) the growing and changing demand for health care due to demographic and epidemiological changes will increase the burden on the already ineffective health system. The final section of this paper makes nine suggestions designed to address these main challenges.
format Economic & Sector Work :: Other Health Study
author World Bank
author_facet World Bank
author_sort World Bank
title Indonesia's Doctors, Midwives and Nurses : Current Stock, Increasing Needs, Future Challenges and Options
title_short Indonesia's Doctors, Midwives and Nurses : Current Stock, Increasing Needs, Future Challenges and Options
title_full Indonesia's Doctors, Midwives and Nurses : Current Stock, Increasing Needs, Future Challenges and Options
title_fullStr Indonesia's Doctors, Midwives and Nurses : Current Stock, Increasing Needs, Future Challenges and Options
title_full_unstemmed Indonesia's Doctors, Midwives and Nurses : Current Stock, Increasing Needs, Future Challenges and Options
title_sort indonesia's doctors, midwives and nurses : current stock, increasing needs, future challenges and options
publisher World Bank
publishDate 2012
url http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000334955_20090622105305
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3053
_version_ 1764386398593351680
spelling okr-10986-30532021-04-23T14:02:06Z Indonesia's Doctors, Midwives and Nurses : Current Stock, Increasing Needs, Future Challenges and Options World Bank ACCESS TO CARE BABY BIRTH ATTENDANT CENTER FOR HEALTH CERTIFICATION CHILD HEALTH CLINICS COMMUNICABLE DISEASE COMMUNITY HEALTH COMPETENCIES DECISION MAKING DEMAND FOR SERVICES DISEASE DOCTORS DRUGS EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHANGES EXPENDITURES GENERAL PRACTITIONERS GLOBAL HEALTH GROWTH IN POPULATION GYNECOLOGY HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS HEALTH CARE PROVISION HEALTH CARE QUALITY HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH CARE WORKERS HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH INSTITUTIONS HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH MANAGEMENT HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH POLICY HEALTH PROBLEMS HEALTH PROFESSIONAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS HEALTH PROVIDERS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICE HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY HEALTH SERVICE MANAGEMENT HEALTH SERVICE PROVIDERS HEALTH SERVICE UTILIZATION HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SPECIALIST HEALTH STRATEGY HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH WORKERS HEALTH WORKFORCE HOME AFFAIRS HOME DELIVERIES HOSPITAL HOSPITAL BEDS HOSPITALS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT HUMAN RESOURCES HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT ILLNESS IMMUNIZATION IMPORTANT POLICY INCOME INEQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION INEQUITIES INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INFANT MORTALITY RATE INFORMATION SYSTEM INFORMATION SYSTEMS INTEGRATION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEGAL STATUS LIVE BIRTHS LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MALNUTRITION MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH MATERNAL CARE MATERNAL MORTALITY MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE MEDICAL DISCIPLINES MEDICAL DOCTOR MEDICAL DOCTORS MEDICAL EDUCATION MEDICAL PERSONNEL MEDICAL PRACTICE MEDICAL SCHOOL MEDICAL SCHOOLS MEDICAL SPECIALISTS MEDICAL STAFF MEDICAL TREATMENT MEDICINE MIDWIFE MIDWIFERY MIDWIVES MIGRATION MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS MINISTRIES OF HEALTH MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH MORBIDITY MORTALITY NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL LEVEL NCD NUMBER OF BIRTHS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMBER OF WORKERS NURSE NURSES NURSING NUTRITION NUTRITIONISTS OBSTETRICS OLDER PEOPLE PATIENTS PEDIATRICS PERSONNEL POLICIES PHARMACIES PHARMACIST PHARMACISTS PHYSICIANS POLICY DECISIONS POLICY DEVELOPMENT POPULATION DENSITY POPULATION SIZE PRENATAL CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES PRIMARY HEALTH SERVICES PROGRESS PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH CARE PUBLIC HOSPITALS PUBLIC SERVICE QUALITY CARE QUALITY OF CARE QUALITY OF EDUCATION QUALITY OF HEALTH QUALITY OF SERVICES REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS RESPECT RURAL AREAS SANITATION SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE PROVISION SERVICE UTILIZATION SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANCE SKILLED PERSONNEL SOCIALIZATION SPOUSE STRESSES SURGERY TB TECHNICAL CAPACITY TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANT TUBERCULOSIS URBAN AREAS URBAN HEALTH CARE WORK FORCE WORKERS WORKFORCE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION YOUNG CHILDREN This paper is one of several inputs prepared for a comprehensive Health Sector Review that the Government of Indonesia is currently conducting. It compiles, analyzes and interprets available information on Indonesia's health service providers; doctors, midwives and nurses. Within the limitations imposed by questions about the accuracy and timeliness of current workforce data, the paper describes the stock and distribution of health workers. The paper draws attention to weaknesses in the workforce planning methods in use, and then reviews the human resource policies, including governance structures and the regulatory framework, that affect health workers. It concludes by describing future challenges and some suggested ways of addressing these challenges. In brief, this paper identifies a number of main challenges in the health workforce in Indonesia. These are: (i) there is a shortage and inequitable distribution of medical doctors and specialists; (ii) the education of health professionals is of poor quality and the accreditation and certification system is weak; (iii) health workforce policy development and planning are not based on evidence or demand, but rather on standard norms that do not reflect real need or take into account the contribution of the private health sector; nor have they adapted to a decentralized paradigm, and finally; (iv) the growing and changing demand for health care due to demographic and epidemiological changes will increase the burden on the already ineffective health system. The final section of this paper makes nine suggestions designed to address these main challenges. 2012-03-19T17:23:21Z 2012-03-19T17:23:21Z 2009 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000334955_20090622105305 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3053 English CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank Economic & Sector Work :: Other Health Study East Asia and Pacific Southeast Asia Asia Indonesia