Understanding Out-of-Work and Out-of-School Youth in Europe and Central Asia
The objectives of this study are to describe and analyze the out-of-work and out-of-school youth (ages 15-24) in the Europe and Central Asia2 (ECA) region. People who are out-of-work and out-of-school are referred to as NEET (Not in Employment, Edu...
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| Format: | Report |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2015
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/08/24928250/understanding-out-of-work-out-of-school-youth-europe-central-asia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22806 |
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okr-10986-22806 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
LABOR MARKET PARTICIPANTS JOBS EMPLOYMENT IMMIGRANT HOUSEHOLD SIZE EMPLOYMENT RATE LABOR MARKET POLICY UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNEMPLOYED ADULTS LABOUR OFFICE WORKING-AGE POPULATION OLD AGE DROPOUTS YOUTH EMPLOYMENT MINIMUM WAGE AGED WORKERS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYED WORKER AGE GROUP LEVELS OF EDUCATION TOTAL LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT TEEN IMMIGRANTS LABOUR MARKET PERFORMANCE JOB UNEMPLOYMENT SPELLS EMPLOYMENT RATES TRAINING PROGRAMS LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION EDUCATED MEN LABOR MARKET POLICIES NUMBER OF PEOPLE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES EMPLOYMENT TRENDS ACTIVE LABOR YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE JOB SEEKERS WAGE SUBSIDY PROGRAM WORK EXPERIENCE KNOWLEDGE PRIMARY REASON LABOR MARKET HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES GENDER GAP LABOR COSTS TRAINING EMPLOYMENT POLICIES JOB OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT POOR FAMILIES POPULATION GROWTH SECONDARY SCHOOLS WORKER ACTIVE LABOR MARKET UNEMPLOYED YOUTH SECONDARY SCHOOL UNEMPLOYED OLDER WORKERS VIOLENCE HOUSEHOLD INCOME ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION WAGE SUBSIDY PROGRAMS JOB TRAINING LABOR PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIME AGE APPRENTICESHIP LABOUR MARKETS PREVIOUS RESULTS MINIMUM WAGES ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES PROGRESS UNIONS UNEMPLOYMENT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL YOUTH LABOR YOUTH RATES HUMAN CAPITAL YOUNG MEN VOCATIONAL TRAINING HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES YOUNG AGE YOUNG ADULTS WORKERS YOUNG WORKERS WAGES POLICIES GENDER DIFFERENCES UNEMPLOYMENT RATE AGE WAGE SUBSIDIES MALE COUNTERPARTS LABOUR MARKET POLICY DISADVANTAGED YOUTH AGE GROUPS LABOUR MARKET URBAN AREAS EMPLOYMENT SERVICES EMPLOYMENT STATUS LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS YOUTH LABOR RELATIONS POPULATIONS LABOR MARKET INDICATORS LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE POLICY PRIVATE TRANSFERS MANPOWER TERTIARY LEVEL BUSINESS CYCLES MINORITY TEMPORARY JOBS CHILDREN LEVEL OF EDUCATION TRAINING PLACEMENT EMPLOYABILITY JOB FAIRS RURAL AREAS YOUNG WOMEN DISABILITY EMPLOYEE YOUNG PEOPLE SCHOOL YOUTH POPULATION MARITAL STATUS WAGE EFFECTS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES LIVING CONDITIONS PRIMARY LEVEL UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS PRIMARY OBJECTIVE WOMEN YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT LABOUR SOCIAL ISSUES LABOR MARKETS EDUCATIONAL LEVEL WAGE SUBSIDY TERTIARY EDUCATION YOUTH POPULATION LABOR REGULATIONS |
| spellingShingle |
LABOR MARKET PARTICIPANTS JOBS EMPLOYMENT IMMIGRANT HOUSEHOLD SIZE EMPLOYMENT RATE LABOR MARKET POLICY UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNEMPLOYED ADULTS LABOUR OFFICE WORKING-AGE POPULATION OLD AGE DROPOUTS YOUTH EMPLOYMENT MINIMUM WAGE AGED WORKERS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYED WORKER AGE GROUP LEVELS OF EDUCATION TOTAL LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT TEEN IMMIGRANTS LABOUR MARKET PERFORMANCE JOB UNEMPLOYMENT SPELLS EMPLOYMENT RATES TRAINING PROGRAMS LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION EDUCATED MEN LABOR MARKET POLICIES NUMBER OF PEOPLE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES EMPLOYMENT TRENDS ACTIVE LABOR YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE JOB SEEKERS WAGE SUBSIDY PROGRAM WORK EXPERIENCE KNOWLEDGE PRIMARY REASON LABOR MARKET HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES GENDER GAP LABOR COSTS TRAINING EMPLOYMENT POLICIES JOB OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT POOR FAMILIES POPULATION GROWTH SECONDARY SCHOOLS WORKER ACTIVE LABOR MARKET UNEMPLOYED YOUTH SECONDARY SCHOOL UNEMPLOYED OLDER WORKERS VIOLENCE HOUSEHOLD INCOME ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION WAGE SUBSIDY PROGRAMS JOB TRAINING LABOR PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIME AGE APPRENTICESHIP LABOUR MARKETS PREVIOUS RESULTS MINIMUM WAGES ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES PROGRESS UNIONS UNEMPLOYMENT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL YOUTH LABOR YOUTH RATES HUMAN CAPITAL YOUNG MEN VOCATIONAL TRAINING HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES YOUNG AGE YOUNG ADULTS WORKERS YOUNG WORKERS WAGES POLICIES GENDER DIFFERENCES UNEMPLOYMENT RATE AGE WAGE SUBSIDIES MALE COUNTERPARTS LABOUR MARKET POLICY DISADVANTAGED YOUTH AGE GROUPS LABOUR MARKET URBAN AREAS EMPLOYMENT SERVICES EMPLOYMENT STATUS LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS YOUTH LABOR RELATIONS POPULATIONS LABOR MARKET INDICATORS LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE POLICY PRIVATE TRANSFERS MANPOWER TERTIARY LEVEL BUSINESS CYCLES MINORITY TEMPORARY JOBS CHILDREN LEVEL OF EDUCATION TRAINING PLACEMENT EMPLOYABILITY JOB FAIRS RURAL AREAS YOUNG WOMEN DISABILITY EMPLOYEE YOUNG PEOPLE SCHOOL YOUTH POPULATION MARITAL STATUS WAGE EFFECTS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES LIVING CONDITIONS PRIMARY LEVEL UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS PRIMARY OBJECTIVE WOMEN YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT LABOUR SOCIAL ISSUES LABOR MARKETS EDUCATIONAL LEVEL WAGE SUBSIDY TERTIARY EDUCATION YOUTH POPULATION LABOR REGULATIONS Mauro, Joseph Anthony Mitra, Sophie Understanding Out-of-Work and Out-of-School Youth in Europe and Central Asia |
| geographic_facet |
Europe and Central Asia Central Asia Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia |
| description |
The objectives of this study are to
describe and analyze the out-of-work and out-of-school youth
(ages 15-24) in the Europe and Central Asia2 (ECA) region.
People who are out-of-work and out-of-school are referred to
as NEET (Not in Employment, Education or Training). This
study attempts to characterize the NEETs by age, gender,
education and their activity status. The main findings of
this study are listed are as follows: first, the authors
find that in the post-2009 period the youth NEET rate for
the ECA region was 19.60 percent, which is higher than the
OECD youth NEET rate of 16 in 2011 (OECD 2013). Second, this
study finds that the NEET rate prior to the financial crisis
in 2009 was on the decline, and increased in the post-2009
period. Third, this study finds that the NEET rate for ECA
is higher for women than for men for all years. However,
since the financial crisis in 2009, the gender gap has
declined from 4.64 in pre-2009 to 2.75 percentage points in
post-2009, suggesting that young men were more adversely
affected by the recession than women. Forth, this study
finds that in the ECA region youth males are more often
classified as NEETs but active in the labor market, and
youth females are more often classified as NEETs but
inactive in the labor market. Fifth, using a linear
probability model, this study finds that individuals, who
are 20-24 years of age, have a lower level of educational
attainment and married females are more likely to be NEET.
Also, individuals living in urban areas and with lower
household sizes are less likely to be NEET. Sixth, another
linear probability model was constructed using household
budget surveys for six countries in ECA from 2009. The main
finding from this model was that NEET youths tend to live in
households with lower per capita consumption than their
non-NEET counterparts. Seventh, there is an increase in the
NEET (unemployed) rate after the crisis, while the NEET
(inactive) rate stayed roughly constant. |
| format |
Report |
| author |
Mauro, Joseph Anthony Mitra, Sophie |
| author_facet |
Mauro, Joseph Anthony Mitra, Sophie |
| author_sort |
Mauro, Joseph Anthony |
| title |
Understanding Out-of-Work and Out-of-School Youth in Europe and Central Asia |
| title_short |
Understanding Out-of-Work and Out-of-School Youth in Europe and Central Asia |
| title_full |
Understanding Out-of-Work and Out-of-School Youth in Europe and Central Asia |
| title_fullStr |
Understanding Out-of-Work and Out-of-School Youth in Europe and Central Asia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Understanding Out-of-Work and Out-of-School Youth in Europe and Central Asia |
| title_sort |
understanding out-of-work and out-of-school youth in europe and central asia |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/08/24928250/understanding-out-of-work-out-of-school-youth-europe-central-asia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22806 |
| _version_ |
1764451842949906432 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-228062021-04-23T14:04:10Z Understanding Out-of-Work and Out-of-School Youth in Europe and Central Asia Mauro, Joseph Anthony Mitra, Sophie LABOR MARKET PARTICIPANTS JOBS EMPLOYMENT IMMIGRANT HOUSEHOLD SIZE EMPLOYMENT RATE LABOR MARKET POLICY UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNEMPLOYED ADULTS LABOUR OFFICE WORKING-AGE POPULATION OLD AGE DROPOUTS YOUTH EMPLOYMENT MINIMUM WAGE AGED WORKERS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYED WORKER AGE GROUP LEVELS OF EDUCATION TOTAL LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT TEEN IMMIGRANTS LABOUR MARKET PERFORMANCE JOB UNEMPLOYMENT SPELLS EMPLOYMENT RATES TRAINING PROGRAMS LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION EDUCATED MEN LABOR MARKET POLICIES NUMBER OF PEOPLE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES EMPLOYMENT TRENDS ACTIVE LABOR YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT RATE JOB SEEKERS WAGE SUBSIDY PROGRAM WORK EXPERIENCE KNOWLEDGE PRIMARY REASON LABOR MARKET HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES GENDER GAP LABOR COSTS TRAINING EMPLOYMENT POLICIES JOB OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT POOR FAMILIES POPULATION GROWTH SECONDARY SCHOOLS WORKER ACTIVE LABOR MARKET UNEMPLOYED YOUTH SECONDARY SCHOOL UNEMPLOYED OLDER WORKERS VIOLENCE HOUSEHOLD INCOME ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION WAGE SUBSIDY PROGRAMS JOB TRAINING LABOR PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIME AGE APPRENTICESHIP LABOUR MARKETS PREVIOUS RESULTS MINIMUM WAGES ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES PROGRESS UNIONS UNEMPLOYMENT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL YOUTH LABOR YOUTH RATES HUMAN CAPITAL YOUNG MEN VOCATIONAL TRAINING HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES YOUNG AGE YOUNG ADULTS WORKERS YOUNG WORKERS WAGES POLICIES GENDER DIFFERENCES UNEMPLOYMENT RATE AGE WAGE SUBSIDIES MALE COUNTERPARTS LABOUR MARKET POLICY DISADVANTAGED YOUTH AGE GROUPS LABOUR MARKET URBAN AREAS EMPLOYMENT SERVICES EMPLOYMENT STATUS LABOR MARKET INSTITUTIONS YOUTH LABOR RELATIONS POPULATIONS LABOR MARKET INDICATORS LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE POLICY PRIVATE TRANSFERS MANPOWER TERTIARY LEVEL BUSINESS CYCLES MINORITY TEMPORARY JOBS CHILDREN LEVEL OF EDUCATION TRAINING PLACEMENT EMPLOYABILITY JOB FAIRS RURAL AREAS YOUNG WOMEN DISABILITY EMPLOYEE YOUNG PEOPLE SCHOOL YOUTH POPULATION MARITAL STATUS WAGE EFFECTS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES LIVING CONDITIONS PRIMARY LEVEL UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS PRIMARY OBJECTIVE WOMEN YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT LABOUR SOCIAL ISSUES LABOR MARKETS EDUCATIONAL LEVEL WAGE SUBSIDY TERTIARY EDUCATION YOUTH POPULATION LABOR REGULATIONS The objectives of this study are to describe and analyze the out-of-work and out-of-school youth (ages 15-24) in the Europe and Central Asia2 (ECA) region. People who are out-of-work and out-of-school are referred to as NEET (Not in Employment, Education or Training). This study attempts to characterize the NEETs by age, gender, education and their activity status. The main findings of this study are listed are as follows: first, the authors find that in the post-2009 period the youth NEET rate for the ECA region was 19.60 percent, which is higher than the OECD youth NEET rate of 16 in 2011 (OECD 2013). Second, this study finds that the NEET rate prior to the financial crisis in 2009 was on the decline, and increased in the post-2009 period. Third, this study finds that the NEET rate for ECA is higher for women than for men for all years. However, since the financial crisis in 2009, the gender gap has declined from 4.64 in pre-2009 to 2.75 percentage points in post-2009, suggesting that young men were more adversely affected by the recession than women. Forth, this study finds that in the ECA region youth males are more often classified as NEETs but active in the labor market, and youth females are more often classified as NEETs but inactive in the labor market. Fifth, using a linear probability model, this study finds that individuals, who are 20-24 years of age, have a lower level of educational attainment and married females are more likely to be NEET. Also, individuals living in urban areas and with lower household sizes are less likely to be NEET. Sixth, another linear probability model was constructed using household budget surveys for six countries in ECA from 2009. The main finding from this model was that NEET youths tend to live in households with lower per capita consumption than their non-NEET counterparts. Seventh, there is an increase in the NEET (unemployed) rate after the crisis, while the NEET (inactive) rate stayed roughly constant. 2015-11-03T15:24:11Z 2015-11-03T15:24:11Z 2015-07-30 Report http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/08/24928250/understanding-out-of-work-out-of-school-youth-europe-central-asia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22806 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work Economic & Sector Work :: Other Social Protection Study Europe and Central Asia Central Asia Eastern Europe Europe and Central Asia |