Methodologies to Measure the Gender Dimensions of Crime and Violence

Recent studies have used homicide rates, police statistics, and crime victimization surveys to pinpoint violent areas. The author argues that these useful measures of crime, and violence underestimate certain types of violence (especially non-econo...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Shrader, Elizabeth
Format: Policy Research Working Paper
Language:English
en_US
Published: World Bank, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/07/1551985/methodologies-measure-gender-dimensions-crime-violence
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19590
id okr-10986-19590
recordtype oai_dc
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
en_US
topic ABUSIVE BEHAVIOR
ACCESS TO INFORMATION
ADULT ABUSE
AGGRESSION
ANAL SEX
ARMED CONFLICT
CHILD ABUSE
CHILD HEALTH
CHILDHOOD
CIVIL SOCIETY
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
CONTRACEPTION
CONVICTIONS
CORRUPTION
CRIME
CRIME STATISTICS
CRIME VICTIMIZATION
CRIME VICTIMS
CRIMES
CRIMINAL JUSTICE
DECISION MAKING
DOMESTIC ABUSE
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
DRUG TRAFFICKING
DRUG USE
DRUGS
ELDER ABUSE
ETHICS
FAMILY VIOLENCE
FORMS OF VIOLENCE
GANGS
GENDER DISCRIMINATION
HOMICIDE
HUMAN RIGHTS
INFORMED CONSENT
INJURIES
INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
INTERVENTION
INTIMATE PARTNER
INVESTIGATIONS
ISOLATION
LEISURE ACTIVITIES
MARITAL STATUS
MATERNAL MORTALITY
MEDICAL SPECIALISTS
MORBIDITY
MORTALITY
OFFENDERS
OFFENSES
PARAMILITARY FORCES
PARTNER ABUSE
PERSONALITY
PHYSICAL ABUSE
POLITICAL POWER
PREGNANCY
PREGNANT WOMEN
PSYCHOLOGY
PUBLIC HEALTH
PUBLIC OPINION
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
RAPE
REFUGEES
RELIGIOUS GROUPS
REPRODUCTIVE DECISION
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
RESEARCH METHODS
RIGHTS OF THE CHILD
RISK FACTORS
SAFETY
SEVERE VIOLENCE
SEX
SEXUAL ABUSE
SEXUAL ASSAULT
SEXUAL COERCION
SEXUAL HARASSMENT
SEXUAL RELATIONS
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
SOCIAL EXCLUSION
SOCIAL FACTORS
SOCIAL NETWORKS
SOCIAL STIGMA
THEFT
USE OF ALCOHOL
VICTIMS
VIOLENCE
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
VIOLENCE RESEARCH
VIOLENT CRIME
spellingShingle ABUSIVE BEHAVIOR
ACCESS TO INFORMATION
ADULT ABUSE
AGGRESSION
ANAL SEX
ARMED CONFLICT
CHILD ABUSE
CHILD HEALTH
CHILDHOOD
CIVIL SOCIETY
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
CONTRACEPTION
CONVICTIONS
CORRUPTION
CRIME
CRIME STATISTICS
CRIME VICTIMIZATION
CRIME VICTIMS
CRIMES
CRIMINAL JUSTICE
DECISION MAKING
DOMESTIC ABUSE
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
DRUG TRAFFICKING
DRUG USE
DRUGS
ELDER ABUSE
ETHICS
FAMILY VIOLENCE
FORMS OF VIOLENCE
GANGS
GENDER DISCRIMINATION
HOMICIDE
HUMAN RIGHTS
INFORMED CONSENT
INJURIES
INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
INTERVENTION
INTIMATE PARTNER
INVESTIGATIONS
ISOLATION
LEISURE ACTIVITIES
MARITAL STATUS
MATERNAL MORTALITY
MEDICAL SPECIALISTS
MORBIDITY
MORTALITY
OFFENDERS
OFFENSES
PARAMILITARY FORCES
PARTNER ABUSE
PERSONALITY
PHYSICAL ABUSE
POLITICAL POWER
PREGNANCY
PREGNANT WOMEN
PSYCHOLOGY
PUBLIC HEALTH
PUBLIC OPINION
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
RAPE
REFUGEES
RELIGIOUS GROUPS
REPRODUCTIVE DECISION
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
RESEARCH METHODS
RIGHTS OF THE CHILD
RISK FACTORS
SAFETY
SEVERE VIOLENCE
SEX
SEXUAL ABUSE
SEXUAL ASSAULT
SEXUAL COERCION
SEXUAL HARASSMENT
SEXUAL RELATIONS
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
SOCIAL EXCLUSION
SOCIAL FACTORS
SOCIAL NETWORKS
SOCIAL STIGMA
THEFT
USE OF ALCOHOL
VICTIMS
VIOLENCE
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
VIOLENCE RESEARCH
VIOLENT CRIME
Shrader, Elizabeth
Methodologies to Measure the Gender Dimensions of Crime and Violence
geographic_facet Latin America & Caribbean
relation Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2648
description Recent studies have used homicide rates, police statistics, and crime victimization surveys to pinpoint violent areas. The author argues that these useful measures of crime, and violence underestimate certain types of violence (especially non-economic violence) and key dimensions of violence (especially age, and gender). A composite index based on monitoring, and surveillance of homicides, crime statistics, and victimization surveys can provide invaluable "first round" snapshots of urban violence - information to monitor crime trends, warn against incipient crime waves, and indicate areas where more in-depth "second round" studies are needed to explore casualty, the impact of interventions, and public opinion. But a composite index of municipally generated information about trends, depends heavily on the quality of the data collected, and will not explain why trends, or changes occur. Other indicators are needed to strengthen surveillance, and to facilitate the planning of interventions, and evaluation. It would be helpful, for example, to distinguish between social, economic, and political violence, and to provide items on autopsy reports, crime statistics, and victimization surveys to gain insight into what motivates violence. Information useful for analyzing causes of violence might include: 1) Individual: socioeconomic data about victims, and perpetrators, and information about their use of alcohol, drugs, or firearms. 2) Interpersonal: whether victim, and perpetrator belonged to the same family, or household, had an affective relationship, were acquaintances, or were strangers. 3) Institutional: crime characteristics (physical injuries sustained, weapons used, value of property lost, where crime occurred); characteristics of victim, and perpetrator; whether the crime was reported; per capita police, and private security; presence of gangs in community; estimated number of gangs and gang members; level of gang organization (low, medium, high); and, other measures of social capital. 4) Structural: levels of impunity (number of convictions as a ratio of number of arrests); levels of corruption; indices of social exclusion, such as racism, gender discrimination, or areas stigma; the dynamics between violence, and access to (and control of) such resources as land, water, and wealth. Crime mapping, to provide visual confirmation of noted trends, might be combined with information about the relative locations of battered women's shelters, police stations, and the distribution of family violence in residential areas.
format Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author Shrader, Elizabeth
author_facet Shrader, Elizabeth
author_sort Shrader, Elizabeth
title Methodologies to Measure the Gender Dimensions of Crime and Violence
title_short Methodologies to Measure the Gender Dimensions of Crime and Violence
title_full Methodologies to Measure the Gender Dimensions of Crime and Violence
title_fullStr Methodologies to Measure the Gender Dimensions of Crime and Violence
title_full_unstemmed Methodologies to Measure the Gender Dimensions of Crime and Violence
title_sort methodologies to measure the gender dimensions of crime and violence
publisher World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate 2014
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/07/1551985/methodologies-measure-gender-dimensions-crime-violence
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19590
_version_ 1764440103514537984
spelling okr-10986-195902021-04-23T14:03:43Z Methodologies to Measure the Gender Dimensions of Crime and Violence Shrader, Elizabeth ABUSIVE BEHAVIOR ACCESS TO INFORMATION ADULT ABUSE AGGRESSION ANAL SEX ARMED CONFLICT CHILD ABUSE CHILD HEALTH CHILDHOOD CIVIL SOCIETY COMMUNICABLE DISEASES CONTRACEPTION CONVICTIONS CORRUPTION CRIME CRIME STATISTICS CRIME VICTIMIZATION CRIME VICTIMS CRIMES CRIMINAL JUSTICE DECISION MAKING DOMESTIC ABUSE DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DRUG TRAFFICKING DRUG USE DRUGS ELDER ABUSE ETHICS FAMILY VIOLENCE FORMS OF VIOLENCE GANGS GENDER DISCRIMINATION HOMICIDE HUMAN RIGHTS INFORMED CONSENT INJURIES INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE INTERVENTION INTIMATE PARTNER INVESTIGATIONS ISOLATION LEISURE ACTIVITIES MARITAL STATUS MATERNAL MORTALITY MEDICAL SPECIALISTS MORBIDITY MORTALITY OFFENDERS OFFENSES PARAMILITARY FORCES PARTNER ABUSE PERSONALITY PHYSICAL ABUSE POLITICAL POWER PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMEN PSYCHOLOGY PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC OPINION QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH RAPE REFUGEES RELIGIOUS GROUPS REPRODUCTIVE DECISION REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RESEARCH METHODS RIGHTS OF THE CHILD RISK FACTORS SAFETY SEVERE VIOLENCE SEX SEXUAL ABUSE SEXUAL ASSAULT SEXUAL COERCION SEXUAL HARASSMENT SEXUAL RELATIONS SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL EXCLUSION SOCIAL FACTORS SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL STIGMA THEFT USE OF ALCOHOL VICTIMS VIOLENCE VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN VIOLENCE RESEARCH VIOLENT CRIME Recent studies have used homicide rates, police statistics, and crime victimization surveys to pinpoint violent areas. The author argues that these useful measures of crime, and violence underestimate certain types of violence (especially non-economic violence) and key dimensions of violence (especially age, and gender). A composite index based on monitoring, and surveillance of homicides, crime statistics, and victimization surveys can provide invaluable "first round" snapshots of urban violence - information to monitor crime trends, warn against incipient crime waves, and indicate areas where more in-depth "second round" studies are needed to explore casualty, the impact of interventions, and public opinion. But a composite index of municipally generated information about trends, depends heavily on the quality of the data collected, and will not explain why trends, or changes occur. Other indicators are needed to strengthen surveillance, and to facilitate the planning of interventions, and evaluation. It would be helpful, for example, to distinguish between social, economic, and political violence, and to provide items on autopsy reports, crime statistics, and victimization surveys to gain insight into what motivates violence. Information useful for analyzing causes of violence might include: 1) Individual: socioeconomic data about victims, and perpetrators, and information about their use of alcohol, drugs, or firearms. 2) Interpersonal: whether victim, and perpetrator belonged to the same family, or household, had an affective relationship, were acquaintances, or were strangers. 3) Institutional: crime characteristics (physical injuries sustained, weapons used, value of property lost, where crime occurred); characteristics of victim, and perpetrator; whether the crime was reported; per capita police, and private security; presence of gangs in community; estimated number of gangs and gang members; level of gang organization (low, medium, high); and, other measures of social capital. 4) Structural: levels of impunity (number of convictions as a ratio of number of arrests); levels of corruption; indices of social exclusion, such as racism, gender discrimination, or areas stigma; the dynamics between violence, and access to (and control of) such resources as land, water, and wealth. Crime mapping, to provide visual confirmation of noted trends, might be combined with information about the relative locations of battered women's shelters, police stations, and the distribution of family violence in residential areas. 2014-08-21T19:40:17Z 2014-08-21T19:40:17Z 2001-07 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/07/1551985/methodologies-measure-gender-dimensions-crime-violence http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19590 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2648 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Latin America & Caribbean