The Gender Implications of Public Sector Downsizing : The Reform Program of Vietnam
Using data from Vietnam, this article describes several types of analysis that can be conducted before launching a major downsizing operation to identify possible gender effects. It draws several conclusions about Vietnam s downsizing reforms. Firs...
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| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank
2013
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/09/17591692/gender-implications-public-sector-downsizing-reform-program-vietnam http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16418 |
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okr-10986-164182021-04-23T14:03:29Z The Gender Implications of Public Sector Downsizing : The Reform Program of Vietnam Rama, Martín ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES ATTRITION BOTH SEXES CHILD CARE COMPENSATION COMPENSATION PACKAGE COMPENSATION PACKAGES CULTURAL CHANGE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DISPLACED WORKERS DISPLACEMENT DIVISION OF LABOR DOWNSIZING PROGRAM EARLY RETIREMENT EARNINGS LOSS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS ECONOMIC INSECURITY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT HISTORY EMPLOYMENT LEVEL EMPLOYMENT LEVELS EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN EMPLOYMENT PATTERN EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS EQUALITY FAMILIES FEMALE FEMALE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE LABOR FEMALE LABOR FORCE FEMALE WAGE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE WORKER FEMALE WORKERS GENDER GENDER BIAS GENDER BIASES GENDER BREAKDOWN GENDER DISCRIMINATION GENDER DIVISION OF LABOR GENDER GAP GENDER IMPACT GENDER IMPLICATIONS GENDER ISSUES GENDER PERSPECTIVE GENDER RELATIONS GENDER STEREOTYPES GENDERS GOVERNMENT AGENCIES HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN RESOURCES INFORMAL SECTOR INSURANCE INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES INTERNATIONAL MARKETS JOB DISPLACEMENT JOB LOSS JOB LOSSES JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOB SEPARATION JOBS LABOR CODE LABOR CONTRACTS LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR REDUNDANCIES LABOR REDUNDANCY LABOR-INTENSIVE GROWTH LABOUR LABOUR OFFICE LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING STANDARDS MALE WORKER MALE WORKERS MARKET ECONOMY MASS LAYOFFS MATERNITY LEAVE NATIONAL LEVEL NUMBER OF WOMEN NUMBER OF WORKERS OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OLD-AGE PENSION PENSIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH REPORT ON GENDER POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PRESENT VALUE PREVIOUS JOB PRIVATE FIRMS PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTION UNITS PRODUCTIVITY PROPORTION OF WOMEN PUBLIC SECTOR DOWNSIZING PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS RESIDENCE RESPECT RETIREMENT PROGRAM RETIREMENT PROGRAMS SALARIED EMPLOYMENT SALARIED WORKERS SELF-RELIANCE SEVERANCE PAYMENTS SEXES SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL IMPACT SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL STATUS SOCIAL STATUS OF WOMEN SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES STATUS OF WOMEN TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRAINING CENTERS TRAINING MATERIAL TRAINING PROGRAMS TRAINING VOUCHER TRANSPORTATION UNDP UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNIFEM UNSKILLED LABOR VOCATIONAL TRAINING VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMS WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAGE GAP WAGES WILL WORK EXPERIENCE WORK FORCE WORKER WORKERS WORKING HOURS WORKING-AGE POPULATION Using data from Vietnam, this article describes several types of analysis that can be conducted before launching a major downsizing operation to identify possible gender effects. It draws several conclusions about Vietnam s downsizing reforms. First, although women s prospects of obtaining salaried jobs following displacement from state-owned enterprise worsened as a result of recent reforms, they are likely to improve in the near future. Second, reforms are associated with a sharp decline in the gender gap in earnings, both in and outside the state sector. Third, overstaffing is greatest in sectors in which most employees are men, such as construction, mining, and transportation; it is much less prevalent in sectors in which women dominate the work force, such as footwear, textiles, and garments. Fourth, training, and assistance programs to help redundant workers reveal no evidence of strong gender bias. Fifth, severance packages based on a multiple of earnings are more favorable to men, whereas lump sum packages favor women. 2013-12-19T21:54:26Z 2013-12-19T21:54:26Z 2002-09-01 Journal Article http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/09/17591692/gender-implications-public-sector-downsizing-reform-program-vietnam World Bank Research Observer http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16418 English en_US CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank Publications & Research :: Journal Article Publications & Research :: Journal Article East Asia and Pacific Vietnam |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES ATTRITION BOTH SEXES CHILD CARE COMPENSATION COMPENSATION PACKAGE COMPENSATION PACKAGES CULTURAL CHANGE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DISPLACED WORKERS DISPLACEMENT DIVISION OF LABOR DOWNSIZING PROGRAM EARLY RETIREMENT EARNINGS LOSS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS ECONOMIC INSECURITY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT HISTORY EMPLOYMENT LEVEL EMPLOYMENT LEVELS EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN EMPLOYMENT PATTERN EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS EQUALITY FAMILIES FEMALE FEMALE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE LABOR FEMALE LABOR FORCE FEMALE WAGE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE WORKER FEMALE WORKERS GENDER GENDER BIAS GENDER BIASES GENDER BREAKDOWN GENDER DISCRIMINATION GENDER DIVISION OF LABOR GENDER GAP GENDER IMPACT GENDER IMPLICATIONS GENDER ISSUES GENDER PERSPECTIVE GENDER RELATIONS GENDER STEREOTYPES GENDERS GOVERNMENT AGENCIES HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN RESOURCES INFORMAL SECTOR INSURANCE INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES INTERNATIONAL MARKETS JOB DISPLACEMENT JOB LOSS JOB LOSSES JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOB SEPARATION JOBS LABOR CODE LABOR CONTRACTS LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR REDUNDANCIES LABOR REDUNDANCY LABOR-INTENSIVE GROWTH LABOUR LABOUR OFFICE LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING STANDARDS MALE WORKER MALE WORKERS MARKET ECONOMY MASS LAYOFFS MATERNITY LEAVE NATIONAL LEVEL NUMBER OF WOMEN NUMBER OF WORKERS OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OLD-AGE PENSION PENSIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH REPORT ON GENDER POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PRESENT VALUE PREVIOUS JOB PRIVATE FIRMS PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTION UNITS PRODUCTIVITY PROPORTION OF WOMEN PUBLIC SECTOR DOWNSIZING PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS RESIDENCE RESPECT RETIREMENT PROGRAM RETIREMENT PROGRAMS SALARIED EMPLOYMENT SALARIED WORKERS SELF-RELIANCE SEVERANCE PAYMENTS SEXES SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL IMPACT SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL STATUS SOCIAL STATUS OF WOMEN SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES STATUS OF WOMEN TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRAINING CENTERS TRAINING MATERIAL TRAINING PROGRAMS TRAINING VOUCHER TRANSPORTATION UNDP UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNIFEM UNSKILLED LABOR VOCATIONAL TRAINING VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMS WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAGE GAP WAGES WILL WORK EXPERIENCE WORK FORCE WORKER WORKERS WORKING HOURS WORKING-AGE POPULATION |
| spellingShingle |
ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES ATTRITION BOTH SEXES CHILD CARE COMPENSATION COMPENSATION PACKAGE COMPENSATION PACKAGES CULTURAL CHANGE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DISPLACED WORKERS DISPLACEMENT DIVISION OF LABOR DOWNSIZING PROGRAM EARLY RETIREMENT EARNINGS LOSS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS ECONOMIC INSECURITY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT HISTORY EMPLOYMENT LEVEL EMPLOYMENT LEVELS EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN EMPLOYMENT PATTERN EMPLOYMENT PROSPECTS EQUALITY FAMILIES FEMALE FEMALE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE LABOR FEMALE LABOR FORCE FEMALE WAGE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE WORKER FEMALE WORKERS GENDER GENDER BIAS GENDER BIASES GENDER BREAKDOWN GENDER DISCRIMINATION GENDER DIVISION OF LABOR GENDER GAP GENDER IMPACT GENDER IMPLICATIONS GENDER ISSUES GENDER PERSPECTIVE GENDER RELATIONS GENDER STEREOTYPES GENDERS GOVERNMENT AGENCIES HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN RESOURCES INFORMAL SECTOR INSURANCE INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES INTERNATIONAL MARKETS JOB DISPLACEMENT JOB LOSS JOB LOSSES JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOB SEPARATION JOBS LABOR CODE LABOR CONTRACTS LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LABOR REDUNDANCIES LABOR REDUNDANCY LABOR-INTENSIVE GROWTH LABOUR LABOUR OFFICE LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING STANDARDS MALE WORKER MALE WORKERS MARKET ECONOMY MASS LAYOFFS MATERNITY LEAVE NATIONAL LEVEL NUMBER OF WOMEN NUMBER OF WORKERS OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OLD-AGE PENSION PENSIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH REPORT ON GENDER POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PRESENT VALUE PREVIOUS JOB PRIVATE FIRMS PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTION UNITS PRODUCTIVITY PROPORTION OF WOMEN PUBLIC SECTOR DOWNSIZING PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS RESIDENCE RESPECT RETIREMENT PROGRAM RETIREMENT PROGRAMS SALARIED EMPLOYMENT SALARIED WORKERS SELF-RELIANCE SEVERANCE PAYMENTS SEXES SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL IMPACT SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL STATUS SOCIAL STATUS OF WOMEN SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES STATUS OF WOMEN TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRAINING CENTERS TRAINING MATERIAL TRAINING PROGRAMS TRAINING VOUCHER TRANSPORTATION UNDP UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNIFEM UNSKILLED LABOR VOCATIONAL TRAINING VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMS WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAGE GAP WAGES WILL WORK EXPERIENCE WORK FORCE WORKER WORKERS WORKING HOURS WORKING-AGE POPULATION Rama, Martín The Gender Implications of Public Sector Downsizing : The Reform Program of Vietnam |
| geographic_facet |
East Asia and Pacific Vietnam |
| description |
Using data from Vietnam, this article
describes several types of analysis that can be conducted
before launching a major downsizing operation to identify
possible gender effects. It draws several conclusions about
Vietnam s downsizing reforms. First, although women s
prospects of obtaining salaried jobs following displacement
from state-owned enterprise worsened as a result of recent
reforms, they are likely to improve in the near future.
Second, reforms are associated with a sharp decline in the
gender gap in earnings, both in and outside the state
sector. Third, overstaffing is greatest in sectors in which
most employees are men, such as construction, mining, and
transportation; it is much less prevalent in sectors in
which women dominate the work force, such as footwear,
textiles, and garments. Fourth, training, and assistance
programs to help redundant workers reveal no evidence of
strong gender bias. Fifth, severance packages based on a
multiple of earnings are more favorable to men, whereas lump
sum packages favor women. |
| format |
Journal Article |
| author |
Rama, Martín |
| author_facet |
Rama, Martín |
| author_sort |
Rama, Martín |
| title |
The Gender Implications of Public Sector Downsizing : The Reform Program of Vietnam |
| title_short |
The Gender Implications of Public Sector Downsizing : The Reform Program of Vietnam |
| title_full |
The Gender Implications of Public Sector Downsizing : The Reform Program of Vietnam |
| title_fullStr |
The Gender Implications of Public Sector Downsizing : The Reform Program of Vietnam |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Gender Implications of Public Sector Downsizing : The Reform Program of Vietnam |
| title_sort |
gender implications of public sector downsizing : the reform program of vietnam |
| publisher |
World Bank |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/09/17591692/gender-implications-public-sector-downsizing-reform-program-vietnam http://hdl.handle.net/10986/16418 |
| _version_ |
1764433539457089536 |