Preparation and characterization of catalyst from local industry waste, red gypsum for biodiesel synthesis

Red gypsum, a reddish brown semi-solid mud is a waste product of local industry in Malaysia which is formed during the extraction of titanium (IV) oxide from the ilmenite ores and they are accumulating in landfill and polluting the environment.The total accumulation of red gypsum in Malaysia is at l...

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Main Author:	Lai Kin Ming, Vera
Format:	Undergraduates Project Papers
Language:	English
Published:	2013
Subjects:	TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7195/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7195/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7195/1/Preparation_and_characterization_of_catalyst_from_local_industry_waste%2C_red_gypsum_for_biodiesel_synthesis.pdf

id	ump-7195
recordtype	eprints
spelling	ump-71952015-03-03T09:34:42Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7195/ Preparation and characterization of catalyst from local industry waste, red gypsum for biodiesel synthesis Lai Kin Ming, Vera TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Red gypsum, a reddish brown semi-solid mud is a waste product of local industry in Malaysia which is formed during the extraction of titanium (IV) oxide from the ilmenite ores and they are accumulating in landfill and polluting the environment.The total accumulation of red gypsum in Malaysia is at least 340,000 tons per year. This research is done to find an end use for red gypsum waste that has been land filling and polluting the environment. At the same time there is a crucial need to find an alternative fuel in fulfilling energy demand to replace fossil fuels which are undergoing drastic depletion. The best option is biodiesel which shows almost same properties like fossil fuels and most importantly it is environmental friendly. The major composition of red gypsum are CaSO4.2H2O (70 wt %), Fe2O3 (30 wt %) and small amount of Al2O3 is a potential source for catalyst production which later can be used as solid base catalysts in biodiesel production. The objectives of this research are to produce and characterize catalyst from waste red gypsum and study the activity of catalyst for esterification of FFA. Preparation of catalyst from red gypsum through heat treatment in furnace using activated carbon as reducing agent was investigated in this work. Characterization of the catalyst produced is done using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The performance of the activity of the catalyst produced is studied by esterification of oleic acid with ethanol in a 1:6 molar ratio. Different amount of catalyst is used ; 5%,3% and 1% weight catalyst of oleic acid to find the free fatty acid, FFA conversion and the catalyst activity is studied based on the result obtained. 2013 Undergraduates Project Papers NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7195/1/Preparation_and_characterization_of_catalyst_from_local_industry_waste%2C_red_gypsum_for_biodiesel_synthesis.pdf Lai Kin Ming, Vera (2013) Preparation and characterization of catalyst from local industry waste, red gypsum for biodiesel synthesis. Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang. http://iportal.ump.edu.my/lib/item?id=chamo:75882&theme=UMP2
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building	UMP Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
spellingShingle	TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Lai Kin Ming, Vera Preparation and characterization of catalyst from local industry waste, red gypsum for biodiesel synthesis
description	Red gypsum, a reddish brown semi-solid mud is a waste product of local industry in Malaysia which is formed during the extraction of titanium (IV) oxide from the ilmenite ores and they are accumulating in landfill and polluting the environment.The total accumulation of red gypsum in Malaysia is at least 340,000 tons per year. This research is done to find an end use for red gypsum waste that has been land filling and polluting the environment. At the same time there is a crucial need to find an alternative fuel in fulfilling energy demand to replace fossil fuels which are undergoing drastic depletion. The best option is biodiesel which shows almost same properties like fossil fuels and most importantly it is environmental friendly. The major composition of red gypsum are CaSO4.2H2O (70 wt %), Fe2O3 (30 wt %) and small amount of Al2O3 is a potential source for catalyst production which later can be used as solid base catalysts in biodiesel production. The objectives of this research are to produce and characterize catalyst from waste red gypsum and study the activity of catalyst for esterification of FFA. Preparation of catalyst from red gypsum through heat treatment in furnace using activated carbon as reducing agent was investigated in this work. Characterization of the catalyst produced is done using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The performance of the activity of the catalyst produced is studied by esterification of oleic acid with ethanol in a 1:6 molar ratio. Different amount of catalyst is used ; 5%,3% and 1% weight catalyst of oleic acid to find the free fatty acid, FFA conversion and the catalyst activity is studied based on the result obtained.
format	Undergraduates Project Papers
author	Lai Kin Ming, Vera
author_facet	Lai Kin Ming, Vera
author_sort	Lai Kin Ming, Vera
title	Preparation and characterization of catalyst from local industry waste, red gypsum for biodiesel synthesis
title_short	Preparation and characterization of catalyst from local industry waste, red gypsum for biodiesel synthesis
title_full	Preparation and characterization of catalyst from local industry waste, red gypsum for biodiesel synthesis
title_fullStr	Preparation and characterization of catalyst from local industry waste, red gypsum for biodiesel synthesis
title_full_unstemmed	Preparation and characterization of catalyst from local industry waste, red gypsum for biodiesel synthesis
title_sort	preparation and characterization of catalyst from local industry waste, red gypsum for biodiesel synthesis
publishDate	2013
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7195/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7195/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/7195/1/Preparation_and_characterization_of_catalyst_from_local_industry_waste%2C_red_gypsum_for_biodiesel_synthesis.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T22:03:40Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T22:03:40Z
_version_	1777414565648138240

Preparation and characterization of catalyst from local industry waste, red gypsum for biodiesel synthesis

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