Sequential Conversion of High Free Fatty Acid Oils Into Biodiesel Using a New Catalyst System

A sequential esterification and transesterification method was used successfully to convert high free fatty acid oil into biodiesel with almost 100% conversion. The esterification system was catalysed by ferricalginate beads (0.16:1 ferric-alginate beads to lauric acid mass ratio, 15:1 methanol to...

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Main Authors:	Gaanty Pragas, Maniam, Boey, Peng Lim, Shangeetha, Ganesan, Melati, Khairuddean
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier 2012
Subjects:	Q Science (General)
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4086/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4086/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4086/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4086/1/fist-2012-gaanty-sequential_conversion_of_abs_only.pdf

id	ump-4086
recordtype	eprints
spelling	ump-40862017-09-15T02:31:21Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4086/ Sequential Conversion of High Free Fatty Acid Oils Into Biodiesel Using a New Catalyst System Gaanty Pragas, Maniam Boey, Peng Lim Shangeetha, Ganesan Melati, Khairuddean Q Science (General) A sequential esterification and transesterification method was used successfully to convert high free fatty acid oil into biodiesel with almost 100% conversion. The esterification system was catalysed by ferricalginate beads (0.16:1 ferric-alginate beads to lauric acid mass ratio, 15:1 methanol to lauric acid molar ratio, methanol refluxing temperature (65 C), reaction time of 3 h) and transesterification was catalysed by boiler ash-calcium oxide mix (3 wt.% boiler ash, calcium oxide according to the stoichiometric amount of water produced in esterification, 15:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, methanol refluxing temperature (65 C), reaction time of 0.5 h). Calcium oxide played a dual role to absorb the water produced by the esterification of free fatty acid and also as an active species for transesterification of triglycerides. This method was effectively used to convert palm fatty acid distillate to biodiesel with 100% conversion. Elsevier 2012-10 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4086/1/fist-2012-gaanty-sequential_conversion_of_abs_only.pdf Gaanty Pragas, Maniam and Boey, Peng Lim and Shangeetha, Ganesan and Melati, Khairuddean (2012) Sequential Conversion of High Free Fatty Acid Oils Into Biodiesel Using a New Catalyst System. Energy, 46 (Issue ). pp. 132-139. ISSN 0360-5442 (Print), 1873-6785 (Online) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.09.013 DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2012.09.013
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building	UMP Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	Q Science (General)
spellingShingle	Q Science (General) Gaanty Pragas, Maniam Boey, Peng Lim Shangeetha, Ganesan Melati, Khairuddean Sequential Conversion of High Free Fatty Acid Oils Into Biodiesel Using a New Catalyst System
description	A sequential esterification and transesterification method was used successfully to convert high free fatty acid oil into biodiesel with almost 100% conversion. The esterification system was catalysed by ferricalginate beads (0.16:1 ferric-alginate beads to lauric acid mass ratio, 15:1 methanol to lauric acid molar ratio, methanol refluxing temperature (65 C), reaction time of 3 h) and transesterification was catalysed by boiler ash-calcium oxide mix (3 wt.% boiler ash, calcium oxide according to the stoichiometric amount of water produced in esterification, 15:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, methanol refluxing temperature (65 C), reaction time of 0.5 h). Calcium oxide played a dual role to absorb the water produced by the esterification of free fatty acid and also as an active species for transesterification of triglycerides. This method was effectively used to convert palm fatty acid distillate to biodiesel with 100% conversion.
format	Article
author	Gaanty Pragas, Maniam Boey, Peng Lim Shangeetha, Ganesan Melati, Khairuddean
author_facet	Gaanty Pragas, Maniam Boey, Peng Lim Shangeetha, Ganesan Melati, Khairuddean
author_sort	Gaanty Pragas, Maniam
title	Sequential Conversion of High Free Fatty Acid Oils Into Biodiesel Using a New Catalyst System
title_short	Sequential Conversion of High Free Fatty Acid Oils Into Biodiesel Using a New Catalyst System
title_full	Sequential Conversion of High Free Fatty Acid Oils Into Biodiesel Using a New Catalyst System
title_fullStr	Sequential Conversion of High Free Fatty Acid Oils Into Biodiesel Using a New Catalyst System
title_full_unstemmed	Sequential Conversion of High Free Fatty Acid Oils Into Biodiesel Using a New Catalyst System
title_sort	sequential conversion of high free fatty acid oils into biodiesel using a new catalyst system
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2012
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4086/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4086/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4086/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4086/1/fist-2012-gaanty-sequential_conversion_of_abs_only.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:58:35Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:58:35Z
_version_	1777414245784223744

Sequential Conversion of High Free Fatty Acid Oils Into Biodiesel Using a New Catalyst System

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