Uncovering a Protease in Snake Venom Capable To Coagulate Milk to Curd

Snake venom been studied for its lethality and various benefits for mankind. The latter been studied a plenty of recent but none related to coagulation of milk to curd. The coagulation time of milk by samples were done using visible parameters i.e. change in viscosity, colour changes, white spot for...

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Main Authors:	Jaya Vejayan, Palliah, Amira Alia, Zulkifli, Syed Mohd Saufi, Tuan Chik, Norliana, Munir, Ambu, Stephen, Halijah, Ibrahim
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	BioIT 2017
Subjects:	Q Science (General) QL Zoology
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19546/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19546/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19546/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19546/1/ijabr20178452Jaya.pdf

id	ump-19546
recordtype	eprints
spelling	ump-195462017-12-15T08:17:58Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19546/ Uncovering a Protease in Snake Venom Capable To Coagulate Milk to Curd Jaya Vejayan, Palliah Amira Alia, Zulkifli Syed Mohd Saufi, Tuan Chik Norliana, Munir Ambu, Stephen Halijah, Ibrahim Q Science (General) QL Zoology Snake venom been studied for its lethality and various benefits for mankind. The latter been studied a plenty of recent but none related to coagulation of milk to curd. The coagulation time of milk by samples were done using visible parameters i.e. change in viscosity, colour changes, white spot formation (separation between curd and whey) and finally observing a drop of coagulating fluid under magnification of a light microscope. Optimum parameters determined included concentration of coagulants, temperature and pH. Microscopic viewing included observing after centrifugation, under light microscope and SEM. Screening eleven venoms mostly predominantly found in tropical region singled out one with the most rapid coagulating timei.e by Calloselasma rhodostoma (CR). Optimization of CR venom related to several parameters provided venom concentration, 0.07 (w/v%); pH,7.0; temperature, 45.50C while that of rennet were determined to be 0.04±0.02 (w/v%); pH,7.0; temperature, 45.50C, respectively. Under these ideal conditions for both coagulants, comparison of their milk coagulation time found CR superior i.e. 0.41±0.02 min compared to 4.23±0.05 min for rennet. Milk coagulating assay guided fractionation of CR venom by using HiTrap SP FF and consecutively followed by HiPrep 26/60 Sephacryl S200 HR pre-packed columns led to a single band on coomassie stained SDS-PAGE gel. Next by LCMS analysis on the SDS PAGE band identified the presence of metalloproteinase kistominwithin the venom. EDTA inactivated the venom presumably chelating zinc hence suggesting further towards identifying kistomin as the likely protease within this venom with milk-clotting activity. Snake venom been potentially identified for yet another application for the benefit of mankind. In this investigation Malayan Pit Viper’s protease can play major role in dairy industry if studied further. BioIT 2017 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en cc_by http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19546/1/ijabr20178452Jaya.pdf Jaya Vejayan, Palliah and Amira Alia, Zulkifli and Syed Mohd Saufi, Tuan Chik and Norliana, Munir and Ambu, Stephen and Halijah, Ibrahim (2017) Uncovering a Protease in Snake Venom Capable To Coagulate Milk to Curd. International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research (IJBR), 8 (4). pp. 409-423. ISSN 0976-2612 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B8lgDBwl33UqelJDRkVSYzlTQ3c/view ijabr20178452
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building	UMP Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	Q Science (General) QL Zoology
spellingShingle	Q Science (General) QL Zoology Jaya Vejayan, Palliah Amira Alia, Zulkifli Syed Mohd Saufi, Tuan Chik Norliana, Munir Ambu, Stephen Halijah, Ibrahim Uncovering a Protease in Snake Venom Capable To Coagulate Milk to Curd
description	Snake venom been studied for its lethality and various benefits for mankind. The latter been studied a plenty of recent but none related to coagulation of milk to curd. The coagulation time of milk by samples were done using visible parameters i.e. change in viscosity, colour changes, white spot formation (separation between curd and whey) and finally observing a drop of coagulating fluid under magnification of a light microscope. Optimum parameters determined included concentration of coagulants, temperature and pH. Microscopic viewing included observing after centrifugation, under light microscope and SEM. Screening eleven venoms mostly predominantly found in tropical region singled out one with the most rapid coagulating timei.e by Calloselasma rhodostoma (CR). Optimization of CR venom related to several parameters provided venom concentration, 0.07 (w/v%); pH,7.0; temperature, 45.50C while that of rennet were determined to be 0.04±0.02 (w/v%); pH,7.0; temperature, 45.50C, respectively. Under these ideal conditions for both coagulants, comparison of their milk coagulation time found CR superior i.e. 0.41±0.02 min compared to 4.23±0.05 min for rennet. Milk coagulating assay guided fractionation of CR venom by using HiTrap SP FF and consecutively followed by HiPrep 26/60 Sephacryl S200 HR pre-packed columns led to a single band on coomassie stained SDS-PAGE gel. Next by LCMS analysis on the SDS PAGE band identified the presence of metalloproteinase kistominwithin the venom. EDTA inactivated the venom presumably chelating zinc hence suggesting further towards identifying kistomin as the likely protease within this venom with milk-clotting activity. Snake venom been potentially identified for yet another application for the benefit of mankind. In this investigation Malayan Pit Viper’s protease can play major role in dairy industry if studied further.
format	Article
author	Jaya Vejayan, Palliah Amira Alia, Zulkifli Syed Mohd Saufi, Tuan Chik Norliana, Munir Ambu, Stephen Halijah, Ibrahim
author_facet	Jaya Vejayan, Palliah Amira Alia, Zulkifli Syed Mohd Saufi, Tuan Chik Norliana, Munir Ambu, Stephen Halijah, Ibrahim
author_sort	Jaya Vejayan, Palliah
title	Uncovering a Protease in Snake Venom Capable To Coagulate Milk to Curd
title_short	Uncovering a Protease in Snake Venom Capable To Coagulate Milk to Curd
title_full	Uncovering a Protease in Snake Venom Capable To Coagulate Milk to Curd
title_fullStr	Uncovering a Protease in Snake Venom Capable To Coagulate Milk to Curd
title_full_unstemmed	Uncovering a Protease in Snake Venom Capable To Coagulate Milk to Curd
title_sort	uncovering a protease in snake venom capable to coagulate milk to curd
publisher	BioIT
publishDate	2017
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19546/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19546/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19546/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/19546/1/ijabr20178452Jaya.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T22:27:56Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T22:27:56Z
_version_	1777416091652325376

Uncovering a Protease in Snake Venom Capable To Coagulate Milk to Curd

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