Kinetics and Nucleation Mechanism of Carbamazepine–Saccharin Co-Crystals in Ethanol Solution

This study aimed to investigate the metastable zone width (MSZW) and the nucleation order of carbamazepine–saccharin (CBZ–SAC) co-crystals via slow cooling crystallisation, to obtain the kinetic value using Kashchiev–Borissova–Hammond–Roberts (KBHR) technique and to deduce the induction time, the ra...

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Main Authors:	Khairool Azizul, Mohammad, Syarifah, Abd Rahim, Mohd Rushdi, Abu Bakar
Format:	Article
Language:	English English
Published:	Springer 2017
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/18680/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/18680/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/18680/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/18680/1/Kinetics%20and%20Nucleation%20Mechanism%20of%20Carbamazepine%E2%80%93Saccharin%20Co-Crystals%20in%20Ethanol%20Solution.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/18680/6/Kinetics%20and%20Nucleation%20Mechanism%20of%20Carbamazepine%E2%80%93Saccharin%20Co-Crystals%20in%20Ethanol%20Solution%201.pdf

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spelling	ump-186802018-05-24T03:09:47Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/18680/ Kinetics and Nucleation Mechanism of Carbamazepine–Saccharin Co-Crystals in Ethanol Solution Khairool Azizul, Mohammad Syarifah, Abd Rahim Mohd Rushdi, Abu Bakar TP Chemical technology This study aimed to investigate the metastable zone width (MSZW) and the nucleation order of carbamazepine–saccharin (CBZ–SAC) co-crystals via slow cooling crystallisation, to obtain the kinetic value using Kashchiev–Borissova–Hammond–Roberts (KBHR) technique and to deduce the induction time, the radius of the critical nucleus and the interfacial energy of the CBZ–SAC co-crystals via fast cooling. Slow cooling experiments with cooling/heating rates of 0.8, 0.6, 0.4 and 0.2 °C min−1 were applied to determine the crystallisation and the dissolution temperature of CBZ–SAC co-crystals at SAC:CBZ ratios of (3.5, 3.0, 2.5, 2.0 and 1.0) and CBZ concentrations of 19.14, 17.96, 17.06 and 15.83 mg mL−1. Then, fast cooling experiments were run at CBZ concentration of 17.96 mg mL−1 and SAC:CBZ mole ratio of 2.0. Nucleation kinetics, such as MSZW, nucleation order, nucleation kinetic constant and interfacial energy, was determined and analysed. KBHR method was applied to analyse the kinetics value and compared with isothermal method. The nucleation orders obtained from slow cooling method were in between 1.65 and 4.9, which were within the range for nucleation of organic compounds. The results of KBHR method in determining the kinetic values of CBZ–SAC co-crystals were similar to those of the isothermal method. Springer 2017 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/18680/1/Kinetics%20and%20Nucleation%20Mechanism%20of%20Carbamazepine%E2%80%93Saccharin%20Co-Crystals%20in%20Ethanol%20Solution.pdf application/pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/18680/6/Kinetics%20and%20Nucleation%20Mechanism%20of%20Carbamazepine%E2%80%93Saccharin%20Co-Crystals%20in%20Ethanol%20Solution%201.pdf Khairool Azizul, Mohammad and Syarifah, Abd Rahim and Mohd Rushdi, Abu Bakar (2017) Kinetics and Nucleation Mechanism of Carbamazepine–Saccharin Co-Crystals in Ethanol Solution. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. pp. 1-7. ISSN 1388-6150 (print); 1588-2926 (online) https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10973-017-6483-1 DOI: 10.1007/s10973-017-6483-1
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building	UMP Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Khairool Azizul, Mohammad Syarifah, Abd Rahim Mohd Rushdi, Abu Bakar Kinetics and Nucleation Mechanism of Carbamazepine–Saccharin Co-Crystals in Ethanol Solution
description	This study aimed to investigate the metastable zone width (MSZW) and the nucleation order of carbamazepine–saccharin (CBZ–SAC) co-crystals via slow cooling crystallisation, to obtain the kinetic value using Kashchiev–Borissova–Hammond–Roberts (KBHR) technique and to deduce the induction time, the radius of the critical nucleus and the interfacial energy of the CBZ–SAC co-crystals via fast cooling. Slow cooling experiments with cooling/heating rates of 0.8, 0.6, 0.4 and 0.2 °C min−1 were applied to determine the crystallisation and the dissolution temperature of CBZ–SAC co-crystals at SAC:CBZ ratios of (3.5, 3.0, 2.5, 2.0 and 1.0) and CBZ concentrations of 19.14, 17.96, 17.06 and 15.83 mg mL−1. Then, fast cooling experiments were run at CBZ concentration of 17.96 mg mL−1 and SAC:CBZ mole ratio of 2.0. Nucleation kinetics, such as MSZW, nucleation order, nucleation kinetic constant and interfacial energy, was determined and analysed. KBHR method was applied to analyse the kinetics value and compared with isothermal method. The nucleation orders obtained from slow cooling method were in between 1.65 and 4.9, which were within the range for nucleation of organic compounds. The results of KBHR method in determining the kinetic values of CBZ–SAC co-crystals were similar to those of the isothermal method.
format	Article
author	Khairool Azizul, Mohammad Syarifah, Abd Rahim Mohd Rushdi, Abu Bakar
author_facet	Khairool Azizul, Mohammad Syarifah, Abd Rahim Mohd Rushdi, Abu Bakar
author_sort	Khairool Azizul, Mohammad
title	Kinetics and Nucleation Mechanism of Carbamazepine–Saccharin Co-Crystals in Ethanol Solution
title_short	Kinetics and Nucleation Mechanism of Carbamazepine–Saccharin Co-Crystals in Ethanol Solution
title_full	Kinetics and Nucleation Mechanism of Carbamazepine–Saccharin Co-Crystals in Ethanol Solution
title_fullStr	Kinetics and Nucleation Mechanism of Carbamazepine–Saccharin Co-Crystals in Ethanol Solution
title_full_unstemmed	Kinetics and Nucleation Mechanism of Carbamazepine–Saccharin Co-Crystals in Ethanol Solution
title_sort	kinetics and nucleation mechanism of carbamazepine–saccharin co-crystals in ethanol solution
publisher	Springer
publishDate	2017
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/18680/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/18680/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/18680/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/18680/1/Kinetics%20and%20Nucleation%20Mechanism%20of%20Carbamazepine%E2%80%93Saccharin%20Co-Crystals%20in%20Ethanol%20Solution.pdf http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/18680/6/Kinetics%20and%20Nucleation%20Mechanism%20of%20Carbamazepine%E2%80%93Saccharin%20Co-Crystals%20in%20Ethanol%20Solution%201.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T22:26:36Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T22:26:36Z
_version_	1777416008077672448

Kinetics and Nucleation Mechanism of Carbamazepine–Saccharin Co-Crystals in Ethanol Solution

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