Effect of densified oil palm empty fruit bunch towards the torrefaction process

Biomass refers to raw organic material from plant or animal is used to generate a number of energy resources which convert chemical energy to heat energy through combustion. Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) is one of the biomass which has high moisture content and very bulky in term of storage. Thu...

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Main Author:	Pang, Zee Yee
Format:	Undergraduates Project Papers
Language:	English English English
Published:	2015
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/1/FKKSA%20-%20PANG%20ZEE%20YEE.PDF http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/2/FKKSA%20-%20PANG%20ZEE%20YEE%20-%20CHAP%201.PDF http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/9/FKKSA%20-%20PANG%20ZEE%20YEE%20-%20CHAP%203.PDF

id	ump-12468
recordtype	eprints
spelling	ump-124682016-03-28T07:05:12Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/ Effect of densified oil palm empty fruit bunch towards the torrefaction process Pang, Zee Yee TP Chemical technology Biomass refers to raw organic material from plant or animal is used to generate a number of energy resources which convert chemical energy to heat energy through combustion. Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) is one of the biomass which has high moisture content and very bulky in term of storage. Thus, this study is to upgrade the EFB waste to a valuable biofuel using pelletization and torrefaction processes. The pelletization process able to remove the moisture content of raw EFB, increase the energy content and easy for storage. In this study, different ratio of EFB and starch will be made to test the effect of ratio on the quality of biofuel produced. Torrefaction process is a process which the EFB will be heated in an inert atmosphere at temperature of 250°C. The EFB will have higher energy content, lower moisture content and higher stability in storage of EFB. The torrefied EFB pellets will undergo characterization to determine the optimum ratio of EFB and starch. The calorific value of the torrefied EFB pellet is measured by using bomb calorimeter. The lowest and the highest calorific values are 19.69MJ/kg for no starch content and 20.02 MJ/kg for 15% starch content EFB pellets. The mass yield of EFB pellet after torrefaction process is about 81% to 84% which increases directly proportional to the starch content in the EFB pellets. The highest energy yield of torrefied EFB pellet is 90.54% while the lowest is 85.59% which is the pellet with no starch content. The fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis analyzed the components such as starch, lignin, hemicelluloses and cellulose in the torrefied EFB pellets as compare to the raw EFB. As a conclusion, 10% starch content EFB pellet is the optimum condition because it has the calorific value, energy yield and mass yield which are approximately same as the 15% starch content EFB pellet. 2015-01 Undergraduates Project Papers NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/1/FKKSA%20-%20PANG%20ZEE%20YEE.PDF application/pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/2/FKKSA%20-%20PANG%20ZEE%20YEE%20-%20CHAP%201.PDF application/pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/9/FKKSA%20-%20PANG%20ZEE%20YEE%20-%20CHAP%203.PDF Pang, Zee Yee (2015) Effect of densified oil palm empty fruit bunch towards the torrefaction process. Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang. http://iportal.ump.edu.my/lib/item?id=chamo:91369&theme=UMP2
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building	UMP Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English English English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Pang, Zee Yee Effect of densified oil palm empty fruit bunch towards the torrefaction process
description	Biomass refers to raw organic material from plant or animal is used to generate a number of energy resources which convert chemical energy to heat energy through combustion. Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) is one of the biomass which has high moisture content and very bulky in term of storage. Thus, this study is to upgrade the EFB waste to a valuable biofuel using pelletization and torrefaction processes. The pelletization process able to remove the moisture content of raw EFB, increase the energy content and easy for storage. In this study, different ratio of EFB and starch will be made to test the effect of ratio on the quality of biofuel produced. Torrefaction process is a process which the EFB will be heated in an inert atmosphere at temperature of 250°C. The EFB will have higher energy content, lower moisture content and higher stability in storage of EFB. The torrefied EFB pellets will undergo characterization to determine the optimum ratio of EFB and starch. The calorific value of the torrefied EFB pellet is measured by using bomb calorimeter. The lowest and the highest calorific values are 19.69MJ/kg for no starch content and 20.02 MJ/kg for 15% starch content EFB pellets. The mass yield of EFB pellet after torrefaction process is about 81% to 84% which increases directly proportional to the starch content in the EFB pellets. The highest energy yield of torrefied EFB pellet is 90.54% while the lowest is 85.59% which is the pellet with no starch content. The fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis analyzed the components such as starch, lignin, hemicelluloses and cellulose in the torrefied EFB pellets as compare to the raw EFB. As a conclusion, 10% starch content EFB pellet is the optimum condition because it has the calorific value, energy yield and mass yield which are approximately same as the 15% starch content EFB pellet.
format	Undergraduates Project Papers
author	Pang, Zee Yee
author_facet	Pang, Zee Yee
author_sort	Pang, Zee Yee
title	Effect of densified oil palm empty fruit bunch towards the torrefaction process
title_short	Effect of densified oil palm empty fruit bunch towards the torrefaction process
title_full	Effect of densified oil palm empty fruit bunch towards the torrefaction process
title_fullStr	Effect of densified oil palm empty fruit bunch towards the torrefaction process
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of densified oil palm empty fruit bunch towards the torrefaction process
title_sort	effect of densified oil palm empty fruit bunch towards the torrefaction process
publishDate	2015
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/1/FKKSA%20-%20PANG%20ZEE%20YEE.PDF http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/2/FKKSA%20-%20PANG%20ZEE%20YEE%20-%20CHAP%201.PDF http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/12468/9/FKKSA%20-%20PANG%20ZEE%20YEE%20-%20CHAP%203.PDF
first_indexed	2023-09-18T22:14:09Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T22:14:09Z
_version_	1777415225082904576

Effect of densified oil palm empty fruit bunch towards the torrefaction process

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