Synthesis and Characterization of a CaFe2O4 Catalyst for Oleic Acid Esterification

Esterification of free fatty acid (oleic acid) with ethanol over a calcium ferrite catalyst was investigated in the present study. The calcium ferrite catalyst (CaFe2O4) was synthesized by the sol–gel method, which exhibited high catalytic activity for esterification of oleic acid. The morphology an...

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Main Authors:	Huei, Ruey Ong, Khan, Maksudur R., Yousuf, Abu, Nor Amalina, Hussain, Cheng, C. K.
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Royal Society of Chemistry 2015
Subjects:	T Technology (General) TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/11583/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/11583/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/11583/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/11583/1/Synthesis%20and%20Characterization%20of%20a%20CaFe2O4%20Catalyst%20for%20Oleic%20Acid%20Esterification.pdf

id	ump-11583
recordtype	eprints
spelling	ump-115832018-01-11T03:59:45Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/11583/ Synthesis and Characterization of a CaFe2O4 Catalyst for Oleic Acid Esterification Huei, Ruey Ong Khan, Maksudur R. Yousuf, Abu Nor Amalina, Hussain Cheng, C. K. T Technology (General) TP Chemical technology Esterification of free fatty acid (oleic acid) with ethanol over a calcium ferrite catalyst was investigated in the present study. The calcium ferrite catalyst (CaFe2O4) was synthesized by the sol–gel method, which exhibited high catalytic activity for esterification of oleic acid. The morphology and size (500–1000 nm) of the synthesized catalyst were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used to ensure the absence of impurities. The orthorhombic structure of calcium ferrite was exposed by X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The effects of reaction variables such as catalyst loading, methanol to acid ratio, reaction time and temperature on the conversion of fatty acids were studied. The optimum conditions for the esterification process was a molar ratio of alcohol to oleic acid at 12 : 1 with 5 wt% of CaFe2O4 at 70 °C with a reaction time of 2 h. XRD patterns of the recycled catalyst evidenced that the catalyst structure was unchanged up to the 3rd cycle, which indicated the long life of the catalyst. Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/11583/1/Synthesis%20and%20Characterization%20of%20a%20CaFe2O4%20Catalyst%20for%20Oleic%20Acid%20Esterification.pdf Huei, Ruey Ong and Khan, Maksudur R. and Yousuf, Abu and Nor Amalina, Hussain and Cheng, C. K. (2015) Synthesis and Characterization of a CaFe2O4 Catalyst for Oleic Acid Esterification. RSC Advances, 121 (5). pp. 100362-100368. ISSN 2046-2069 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5RA17857F DOI: 10.1039/C5RA17857F
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building	UMP Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	T Technology (General) TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	T Technology (General) TP Chemical technology Huei, Ruey Ong Khan, Maksudur R. Yousuf, Abu Nor Amalina, Hussain Cheng, C. K. Synthesis and Characterization of a CaFe2O4 Catalyst for Oleic Acid Esterification
description	Esterification of free fatty acid (oleic acid) with ethanol over a calcium ferrite catalyst was investigated in the present study. The calcium ferrite catalyst (CaFe2O4) was synthesized by the sol–gel method, which exhibited high catalytic activity for esterification of oleic acid. The morphology and size (500–1000 nm) of the synthesized catalyst were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used to ensure the absence of impurities. The orthorhombic structure of calcium ferrite was exposed by X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The effects of reaction variables such as catalyst loading, methanol to acid ratio, reaction time and temperature on the conversion of fatty acids were studied. The optimum conditions for the esterification process was a molar ratio of alcohol to oleic acid at 12 : 1 with 5 wt% of CaFe2O4 at 70 °C with a reaction time of 2 h. XRD patterns of the recycled catalyst evidenced that the catalyst structure was unchanged up to the 3rd cycle, which indicated the long life of the catalyst.
format	Article
author	Huei, Ruey Ong Khan, Maksudur R. Yousuf, Abu Nor Amalina, Hussain Cheng, C. K.
author_facet	Huei, Ruey Ong Khan, Maksudur R. Yousuf, Abu Nor Amalina, Hussain Cheng, C. K.
author_sort	Huei, Ruey Ong
title	Synthesis and Characterization of a CaFe2O4 Catalyst for Oleic Acid Esterification
title_short	Synthesis and Characterization of a CaFe2O4 Catalyst for Oleic Acid Esterification
title_full	Synthesis and Characterization of a CaFe2O4 Catalyst for Oleic Acid Esterification
title_fullStr	Synthesis and Characterization of a CaFe2O4 Catalyst for Oleic Acid Esterification
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis and Characterization of a CaFe2O4 Catalyst for Oleic Acid Esterification
title_sort	synthesis and characterization of a cafe2o4 catalyst for oleic acid esterification
publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
publishDate	2015
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/11583/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/11583/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/11583/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/11583/1/Synthesis%20and%20Characterization%20of%20a%20CaFe2O4%20Catalyst%20for%20Oleic%20Acid%20Esterification.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T22:12:29Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T22:12:29Z
_version_	1777415120246276096

Synthesis and Characterization of a CaFe2O4 Catalyst for Oleic Acid Esterification

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