Trends in sulfate dry deposition over mixed dipterocarp forest in Thailand using relaxed eddy accumulation method

The relaxed eddy accumulation method (REA) was applied for direct measurement of sulfate fluxes over mixed dipterocarp forest. The sampling system using a four-stage filter pack was designed to take updraft or downdraft air samples in the direction of the vertical wind velocity. The deadband of the...

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Main Authors:	Kan Khoomsab, Pojanie Khummongkol, Kazuhide Matsuda
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2014
Online Access:	http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6922/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6922/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6922/1/06_Kan_Khoomsab.pdf

id	ukm-6922
recordtype	eprints
spelling	ukm-69222016-12-14T06:42:35Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6922/ Trends in sulfate dry deposition over mixed dipterocarp forest in Thailand using relaxed eddy accumulation method Kan Khoomsab, Pojanie Khummongkol, Kazuhide Matsuda, The relaxed eddy accumulation method (REA) was applied for direct measurement of sulfate fluxes over mixed dipterocarp forest. The sampling system using a four-stage filter pack was designed to take updraft or downdraft air samples in the direction of the vertical wind velocity. The deadband of the velocity profile was set at ±0.5 σw in which an air sample with velocity within the set value is rejected. The forest site was located at a latitude of 13o 35’ 13.3’’N and longitude of 99o 30’ 3.9’’E Ratchaburi province in Thailand. The sampling period was set in 4 time intervals: 6-12, 12-18, 18-24 and 24-6 h for 3 consecutive days/month (n=144) throughout one year. All the micrometeorological parameters for flux estimation were measured in real time. The concentration and flux of sulfate were found to reach a peak value of 1.32 μg m-3 and 8.35 μg m-2 h-1, respectively, at noon time which indicated the effect of atmospheric instability caused by a high heat transfer during the day. The one-year average deposition velocity was observed to be 0.24 cm s-1.The coefficient β obtained under high ambient temperature and a humid environment in this tropical climate was 0.49. It has also been observed that βis relatively insensitive to atmospheric stability. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2014-03 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6922/1/06_Kan_Khoomsab.pdf Kan Khoomsab, and Pojanie Khummongkol, and Kazuhide Matsuda, (2014) Trends in sulfate dry deposition over mixed dipterocarp forest in Thailand using relaxed eddy accumulation method. Sains Malaysiana, 43 (3). pp. 369-375. ISSN 0126-6039 http://www.ukm.my/jsm/
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia
building	UKM Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
description	The relaxed eddy accumulation method (REA) was applied for direct measurement of sulfate fluxes over mixed dipterocarp forest. The sampling system using a four-stage filter pack was designed to take updraft or downdraft air samples in the direction of the vertical wind velocity. The deadband of the velocity profile was set at ±0.5 σw in which an air sample with velocity within the set value is rejected. The forest site was located at a latitude of 13o 35’ 13.3’’N and longitude of 99o 30’ 3.9’’E Ratchaburi province in Thailand. The sampling period was set in 4 time intervals: 6-12, 12-18, 18-24 and 24-6 h for 3 consecutive days/month (n=144) throughout one year. All the micrometeorological parameters for flux estimation were measured in real time. The concentration and flux of sulfate were found to reach a peak value of 1.32 μg m-3 and 8.35 μg m-2 h-1, respectively, at noon time which indicated the effect of atmospheric instability caused by a high heat transfer during the day. The one-year average deposition velocity was observed to be 0.24 cm s-1.The coefficient β obtained under high ambient temperature and a humid environment in this tropical climate was 0.49. It has also been observed that βis relatively insensitive to atmospheric stability.
format	Article
author	Kan Khoomsab, Pojanie Khummongkol, Kazuhide Matsuda,
spellingShingle	Kan Khoomsab, Pojanie Khummongkol, Kazuhide Matsuda, Trends in sulfate dry deposition over mixed dipterocarp forest in Thailand using relaxed eddy accumulation method
author_facet	Kan Khoomsab, Pojanie Khummongkol, Kazuhide Matsuda,
author_sort	Kan Khoomsab,
title	Trends in sulfate dry deposition over mixed dipterocarp forest in Thailand using relaxed eddy accumulation method
title_short	Trends in sulfate dry deposition over mixed dipterocarp forest in Thailand using relaxed eddy accumulation method
title_full	Trends in sulfate dry deposition over mixed dipterocarp forest in Thailand using relaxed eddy accumulation method
title_fullStr	Trends in sulfate dry deposition over mixed dipterocarp forest in Thailand using relaxed eddy accumulation method
title_full_unstemmed	Trends in sulfate dry deposition over mixed dipterocarp forest in Thailand using relaxed eddy accumulation method
title_sort	trends in sulfate dry deposition over mixed dipterocarp forest in thailand using relaxed eddy accumulation method
publisher	Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
publishDate	2014
url	http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6922/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6922/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6922/1/06_Kan_Khoomsab.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T19:48:15Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T19:48:15Z
_version_	1777406045626302464

Trends in sulfate dry deposition over mixed dipterocarp forest in Thailand using relaxed eddy accumulation method

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