Photoprotective measures of selected sunscreens and their antioxidant adjuvantion effects in the Malaysian climate.

The Malaysian skincare industry is growing rapidly with a vast number of new sunscreens being produced annually. Inadequate skincare regulations and lack of enforcement have resulted in the overrating of sunscreens’ quality. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of...

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Main Authors:	Khamsiah N, Lai, NS, Nurfarhanim M, Nor Aimi AR, Mohd Syazwan Che Seman, Goon, JA
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Penerbit UKM 2012
Online Access:	http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6740/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6740/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6740/1/03-MS154_%2884-96%29.pdf

id	ukm-6740
recordtype	eprints
spelling	ukm-67402016-12-14T06:42:04Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6740/ Photoprotective measures of selected sunscreens and their antioxidant adjuvantion effects in the Malaysian climate. Khamsiah N, Lai, NS Nurfarhanim M, Nor Aimi AR, Mohd Syazwan Che Seman, Goon, JA The Malaysian skincare industry is growing rapidly with a vast number of new sunscreens being produced annually. Inadequate skincare regulations and lack of enforcement have resulted in the overrating of sunscreens’ quality. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the local and international sunscreens and to determine the effects of adding concentrated antioxidants into them. Three local and three internationally manufactured sunscreens were tested for the in vitro Ultraviolet A protection factor (UVAPF), Sun Protection Factor (SPF) and photostability. The creams were spread onto roughened polymethylmethacrylate plates where the absorbance was measured using a spectrophotometer before and after two hours of sunlight irradiation. The procedure was repeated combining available concentrated vitamin C and E creams. International sunscreens were found to have more accurate SPF labels (p=0.009) while local sunscreens were found to be more photostable (p=0.003). However, both sunscreens had inadequate UVAPF (p=0.471). Vitamin C enhanced the SPF values (p= 0.04) of both groups of sunscreens while vitamin E enhanced their photostability (p=0.000). Interestingly, combining vitamins C and E rich creams with the sunscreens had no effect on the SPF and UVAPF values as compared to the use of a single vitamin. More importantly, the combination of vitamins decreased the photostability (p=0.002) of sunscreens as compared to the addition of vitamin E alone. In conclusion, photoprotection is best achieved when sunscreens are used together with creams containing either vitamin C or E alone. KHAMSIAH N1, LAI NS2, NURFARHANIM M2, NOR AIMI AR2, MOHD SYAZWAN CS2, GOON JA Penerbit UKM 2012-12 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6740/1/03-MS154_%2884-96%29.pdf Khamsiah N, and Lai, NS and Nurfarhanim M, and Nor Aimi AR, and Mohd Syazwan Che Seman, and Goon, JA (2012) Photoprotective measures of selected sunscreens and their antioxidant adjuvantion effects in the Malaysian climate. Medicine & Health, 7 (2). pp. 84-96. ISSN 1823-2140 http://www.medicineandhealthukm.com/
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Kebangasaan Malaysia
building	UKM Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
description	The Malaysian skincare industry is growing rapidly with a vast number of new sunscreens being produced annually. Inadequate skincare regulations and lack of enforcement have resulted in the overrating of sunscreens’ quality. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the local and international sunscreens and to determine the effects of adding concentrated antioxidants into them. Three local and three internationally manufactured sunscreens were tested for the in vitro Ultraviolet A protection factor (UVAPF), Sun Protection Factor (SPF) and photostability. The creams were spread onto roughened polymethylmethacrylate plates where the absorbance was measured using a spectrophotometer before and after two hours of sunlight irradiation. The procedure was repeated combining available concentrated vitamin C and E creams. International sunscreens were found to have more accurate SPF labels (p=0.009) while local sunscreens were found to be more photostable (p=0.003). However, both sunscreens had inadequate UVAPF (p=0.471). Vitamin C enhanced the SPF values (p= 0.04) of both groups of sunscreens while vitamin E enhanced their photostability (p=0.000). Interestingly, combining vitamins C and E rich creams with the sunscreens had no effect on the SPF and UVAPF values as compared to the use of a single vitamin. More importantly, the combination of vitamins decreased the photostability (p=0.002) of sunscreens as compared to the addition of vitamin E alone. In conclusion, photoprotection is best achieved when sunscreens are used together with creams containing either vitamin C or E alone. KHAMSIAH N1, LAI NS2, NURFARHANIM M2, NOR AIMI AR2, MOHD SYAZWAN CS2, GOON JA
format	Article
author	Khamsiah N, Lai, NS Nurfarhanim M, Nor Aimi AR, Mohd Syazwan Che Seman, Goon, JA
spellingShingle	Khamsiah N, Lai, NS Nurfarhanim M, Nor Aimi AR, Mohd Syazwan Che Seman, Goon, JA Photoprotective measures of selected sunscreens and their antioxidant adjuvantion effects in the Malaysian climate.
author_facet	Khamsiah N, Lai, NS Nurfarhanim M, Nor Aimi AR, Mohd Syazwan Che Seman, Goon, JA
author_sort	Khamsiah N,
title	Photoprotective measures of selected sunscreens and their antioxidant adjuvantion effects in the Malaysian climate.
title_short	Photoprotective measures of selected sunscreens and their antioxidant adjuvantion effects in the Malaysian climate.
title_full	Photoprotective measures of selected sunscreens and their antioxidant adjuvantion effects in the Malaysian climate.
title_fullStr	Photoprotective measures of selected sunscreens and their antioxidant adjuvantion effects in the Malaysian climate.
title_full_unstemmed	Photoprotective measures of selected sunscreens and their antioxidant adjuvantion effects in the Malaysian climate.
title_sort	photoprotective measures of selected sunscreens and their antioxidant adjuvantion effects in the malaysian climate.
publisher	Penerbit UKM
publishDate	2012
url	http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6740/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6740/ http://journalarticle.ukm.my/6740/1/03-MS154_%2884-96%29.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T19:47:45Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T19:47:45Z
_version_	1777406014201528320

Photoprotective measures of selected sunscreens and their antioxidant adjuvantion effects in the Malaysian climate.

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