White vinegar: a natural home bleaching agent for cotton fabric / Fatimah Az-Zahrah Ariffin

Bleaching has become main priorities activity for laundry in every home in this world. There are many conventional bleaching products in the market that people can choose according to the label and packaging that attract them. However, they do not know that those bleaches actually contain very high...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Ariffin, Fatimah Az-Zahrah
Format:	Student Project
Language:	English
Published:	Faculty of Applied Sciences 2018
Subjects:	Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc. Paints, pigments, varnishes, etc.
Online Access:	http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/26319/ http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/26319/1/PPb_FATIMAH%20AZ-ZAHRAH%20ARIFFIN%20AS%2018_5.pdf

id	uitm-26319
recordtype	eprints
spelling	uitm-263192019-10-23T08:32:25Z http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/26319/ White vinegar: a natural home bleaching agent for cotton fabric / Fatimah Az-Zahrah Ariffin Ariffin, Fatimah Az-Zahrah Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc. Paints, pigments, varnishes, etc. Bleaching has become main priorities activity for laundry in every home in this world. There are many conventional bleaching products in the market that people can choose according to the label and packaging that attract them. However, they do not know that those bleaches actually contain very high chemical that speed up the process of bleaching such as sodium hypochlorite and sodium chlorite. These chemicals may harm and give bad effects on the skin and body especially to the infants and their pets. Therefore, natural bleach has solution that can substitute conventional bleach by using natural sources include citric acids, vinegar and many more. This natural bleach could less or almost no risks on the irritation, skin burns and respiratory problems. In this study, natural white vinegar is used to substitute the conventional bleach that produced from sun-ripened corn grain with water. This vinegar has 5% acidity that suitable for laundry and cleaning. Apart from that, there are three volumes of white vinegar and conventional bleach were used which are 30 mL, 60 mL and 90 mL for each these bleaches. Then, they were mixed with 800 mL of 80oC hot water in suitable and separate containers. Next, about 3 metres of cotton fabrics were used, immersed in these mixtures and soaked in 30 minutes. Lastly, the cotton fabrics were rinsed with water and dried under the sunlight. The fabrics then were cut according to testing samples needed. The tests that are done on those fabrics are whiteness test, gray scale for change in colour, crease recovery test, tensile and tearing strength test as well as absorbency test. Thus, making this natural white vinegar as bleach might give the best result for every testing and bleaching itself. Results show that conventional bleached fabric has high whiteness than natural bleached fabric as it has high value and even reflectance that near to 100%. Moreover, conventional bleach showed good results in bleaching where the greige fabric changed into white cotton fabric. Furthermore, crease recovery test showed that conventional bleached fabric has better recovery. However, natural bleached cotton fabric is stronger in tensile and tearing test as well as good in water absorbency. Faculty of Applied Sciences 2018 Student Project NonPeerReviewed text en http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/26319/1/PPb_FATIMAH%20AZ-ZAHRAH%20ARIFFIN%20AS%2018_5.pdf Ariffin, Fatimah Az-Zahrah (2018) White vinegar: a natural home bleaching agent for cotton fabric / Fatimah Az-Zahrah Ariffin. [Student Project] (Unpublished)
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
building	UiTM Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc. Paints, pigments, varnishes, etc.
spellingShingle	Textile bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc. Paints, pigments, varnishes, etc. Ariffin, Fatimah Az-Zahrah White vinegar: a natural home bleaching agent for cotton fabric / Fatimah Az-Zahrah Ariffin
description	Bleaching has become main priorities activity for laundry in every home in this world. There are many conventional bleaching products in the market that people can choose according to the label and packaging that attract them. However, they do not know that those bleaches actually contain very high chemical that speed up the process of bleaching such as sodium hypochlorite and sodium chlorite. These chemicals may harm and give bad effects on the skin and body especially to the infants and their pets. Therefore, natural bleach has solution that can substitute conventional bleach by using natural sources include citric acids, vinegar and many more. This natural bleach could less or almost no risks on the irritation, skin burns and respiratory problems. In this study, natural white vinegar is used to substitute the conventional bleach that produced from sun-ripened corn grain with water. This vinegar has 5% acidity that suitable for laundry and cleaning. Apart from that, there are three volumes of white vinegar and conventional bleach were used which are 30 mL, 60 mL and 90 mL for each these bleaches. Then, they were mixed with 800 mL of 80oC hot water in suitable and separate containers. Next, about 3 metres of cotton fabrics were used, immersed in these mixtures and soaked in 30 minutes. Lastly, the cotton fabrics were rinsed with water and dried under the sunlight. The fabrics then were cut according to testing samples needed. The tests that are done on those fabrics are whiteness test, gray scale for change in colour, crease recovery test, tensile and tearing strength test as well as absorbency test. Thus, making this natural white vinegar as bleach might give the best result for every testing and bleaching itself. Results show that conventional bleached fabric has high whiteness than natural bleached fabric as it has high value and even reflectance that near to 100%. Moreover, conventional bleach showed good results in bleaching where the greige fabric changed into white cotton fabric. Furthermore, crease recovery test showed that conventional bleached fabric has better recovery. However, natural bleached cotton fabric is stronger in tensile and tearing test as well as good in water absorbency.
format	Student Project
author	Ariffin, Fatimah Az-Zahrah
author_facet	Ariffin, Fatimah Az-Zahrah
author_sort	Ariffin, Fatimah Az-Zahrah
title	White vinegar: a natural home bleaching agent for cotton fabric / Fatimah Az-Zahrah Ariffin
title_short	White vinegar: a natural home bleaching agent for cotton fabric / Fatimah Az-Zahrah Ariffin
title_full	White vinegar: a natural home bleaching agent for cotton fabric / Fatimah Az-Zahrah Ariffin
title_fullStr	White vinegar: a natural home bleaching agent for cotton fabric / Fatimah Az-Zahrah Ariffin
title_full_unstemmed	White vinegar: a natural home bleaching agent for cotton fabric / Fatimah Az-Zahrah Ariffin
title_sort	white vinegar: a natural home bleaching agent for cotton fabric / fatimah az-zahrah ariffin
publisher	Faculty of Applied Sciences
publishDate	2018
url	http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/26319/ http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/26319/1/PPb_FATIMAH%20AZ-ZAHRAH%20ARIFFIN%20AS%2018_5.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T23:16:39Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T23:16:39Z
_version_	1777419157448425472

White vinegar: a natural home bleaching agent for cotton fabric / Fatimah Az-Zahrah Ariffin

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