The effect of isolation time to the thermal degradation of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CM-CNF) / Abdul Hafidz Mohd Raffe

In this study, oil palm empty fruit bunch OPEFB fiber biomass was pre-treated using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and bleaching. The cellulose nanofiber was isolated by alkali treatment with different isolation time (2,4 and 6 hours) and sonicate at 55 ºC for 3 hours. The carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Mohd Raffe, Abdul Hafidz
Format:	Student Project
Language:	English
Published:	Faculty of Applied Sciences 2017
Subjects:	QD Chemistry
Online Access:	http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/25496/ http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/25496/1/PPb_ABDUL%20HAFIDZ%20MOHD%20RAFFE%20AS%20N%2017_5.pdf

id	uitm-25496
recordtype	eprints
spelling	uitm-254962019-09-11T04:01:46Z http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/25496/ The effect of isolation time to the thermal degradation of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CM-CNF) / Abdul Hafidz Mohd Raffe Mohd Raffe, Abdul Hafidz QD Chemistry In this study, oil palm empty fruit bunch OPEFB fiber biomass was pre-treated using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and bleaching. The cellulose nanofiber was isolated by alkali treatment with different isolation time (2,4 and 6 hours) and sonicate at 55 ºC for 3 hours. The carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CM-CNF) was synthesized using two steps that is alkalization using 20% of NaOH and etherification using monochloroacetic acid (MCA). The CNF and CM-CNF obtained were characterized using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, Ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer and Thermalgravimetric Analyzer (TGA). result obtained shows that the CNF isolated for 2 hours has a highest percentage yield which is 20.40 % while there is no major different in percentage yield for the CM-CNF synthesized. From the FTIR spectra obtained, the peaks at 1700 cm-1 and 1200 cm-1 of hemicellulose and lignin were efficiently removed after bleaching process while for CM-CNF, the peak around 1600 cm-1 was appeared represent carboxylate (COO-) group. The determination of nano size in CNF was determine using UV-Vis spectroscopy. Result show that the percentage transmittance for the isolated CNF is more than 95 % at wavelength of 600 nm. From the TG curve obtained, it shows that all samples has a three phases of degradation. The onset degradation temperature for bleached OPEFB is lower than the raw OPEFB due to the removal of hemicellulose and lignin. The CNF isolated for 4 hours has a good thermal stability with the degradation temperature of 311.81 ºC and the production of CM-CNF has high thermal stability compared to the CNF isolated. Faculty of Applied Sciences 2017 Student Project NonPeerReviewed text en http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/25496/1/PPb_ABDUL%20HAFIDZ%20MOHD%20RAFFE%20AS%20N%2017_5.pdf Mohd Raffe, Abdul Hafidz (2017) The effect of isolation time to the thermal degradation of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CM-CNF) / Abdul Hafidz Mohd Raffe. [Student Project] (Unpublished)
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
building	UiTM Institutional Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	QD Chemistry
spellingShingle	QD Chemistry Mohd Raffe, Abdul Hafidz The effect of isolation time to the thermal degradation of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CM-CNF) / Abdul Hafidz Mohd Raffe
description	In this study, oil palm empty fruit bunch OPEFB fiber biomass was pre-treated using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and bleaching. The cellulose nanofiber was isolated by alkali treatment with different isolation time (2,4 and 6 hours) and sonicate at 55 ºC for 3 hours. The carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CM-CNF) was synthesized using two steps that is alkalization using 20% of NaOH and etherification using monochloroacetic acid (MCA). The CNF and CM-CNF obtained were characterized using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, Ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer and Thermalgravimetric Analyzer (TGA). result obtained shows that the CNF isolated for 2 hours has a highest percentage yield which is 20.40 % while there is no major different in percentage yield for the CM-CNF synthesized. From the FTIR spectra obtained, the peaks at 1700 cm-1 and 1200 cm-1 of hemicellulose and lignin were efficiently removed after bleaching process while for CM-CNF, the peak around 1600 cm-1 was appeared represent carboxylate (COO-) group. The determination of nano size in CNF was determine using UV-Vis spectroscopy. Result show that the percentage transmittance for the isolated CNF is more than 95 % at wavelength of 600 nm. From the TG curve obtained, it shows that all samples has a three phases of degradation. The onset degradation temperature for bleached OPEFB is lower than the raw OPEFB due to the removal of hemicellulose and lignin. The CNF isolated for 4 hours has a good thermal stability with the degradation temperature of 311.81 ºC and the production of CM-CNF has high thermal stability compared to the CNF isolated.
format	Student Project
author	Mohd Raffe, Abdul Hafidz
author_facet	Mohd Raffe, Abdul Hafidz
author_sort	Mohd Raffe, Abdul Hafidz
title	The effect of isolation time to the thermal degradation of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CM-CNF) / Abdul Hafidz Mohd Raffe
title_short	The effect of isolation time to the thermal degradation of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CM-CNF) / Abdul Hafidz Mohd Raffe
title_full	The effect of isolation time to the thermal degradation of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CM-CNF) / Abdul Hafidz Mohd Raffe
title_fullStr	The effect of isolation time to the thermal degradation of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CM-CNF) / Abdul Hafidz Mohd Raffe
title_full_unstemmed	The effect of isolation time to the thermal degradation of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CM-CNF) / Abdul Hafidz Mohd Raffe
title_sort	effect of isolation time to the thermal degradation of cellulose nanofiber (cnf) and carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (cm-cnf) / abdul hafidz mohd raffe
publisher	Faculty of Applied Sciences
publishDate	2017
url	http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/25496/ http://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/25496/1/PPb_ABDUL%20HAFIDZ%20MOHD%20RAFFE%20AS%20N%2017_5.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T23:14:51Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T23:14:51Z
_version_	1777419043473457152

The effect of isolation time to the thermal degradation of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber (CM-CNF) / Abdul Hafidz Mohd Raffe

Similar Items