Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene

Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene

Better hygiene and access to drinking water and sanitation will accelerate progress toward two millennium development goals (MDGs): 'reduce under-five child mortality rate by 2/3 between 1990 and 2015' and "by 2015 halve the proporti...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Brief
Language:	English
Published:	Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:	ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER ACCESS TO WATER BASIC SANITATION BEHAVIOR CHANGE BETTER HYGIENE CHILD MORTALITY CHILD MORTALITY RATE CHOLERA CLEAN WATER CLEANLINESS COMMUNITY WATER COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY CONNECTION DIARRHEA DIARRHEAL DISEASE DIARRHEAL DISEASES DISEASE TRANSMISSION DRINKING WATER DRINKING WATER QUALITY DRINKING WATER SUPPLY DYSENTERY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION EPIDEMIOLOGY FOOD PREPARATION GLOBAL WATER SUPPLY HAND WASHING HANDS WITH SOAP HANDWASHING HEALTH AND HYGIENE HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH PROMOTION HEPATITIS HYGIENE HYGIENE BEHAVIOR HYGIENE BEHAVIORS HYGIENE EDUCATION HYGIENE MESSAGES HYGIENE PRACTICES HYGIENE PROMOTION INADEQUATE SANITATION INADEQUATE WATER INFECTIOUS DISEASE INTERVENTION INTESTINAL WORMS INVESTMENTS IN WATER SUPPLY MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS MORBIDITY NUTRITION PERSONAL HYGIENE PIT LATRINE PIT LATRINES POOR HYGIENE POPULATION GROWTH PUBLIC HEALTH QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER QUANTITIES OF WATER QUANTITY OF WATER RISK FACTORS RURAL WATER RURAL WATER SUPPLY SAFE DISPOSAL SAFE DRINKING WATER SAFE HYGIENE SAFE SANITATION SAFE WATER SANITATION SANITATION ACTIVITIES SANITATION ASSESSMENT SANITATION FACILITIES SANITATION PROGRAM SANITATION SERVICES SCHISTOSOMIASIS SCHOOL HEALTH SCHOOL SANITATION SOAP TOILET TOILETS TYPHOID URBAN SERVICES USE OF LATRINES USE OF TOILETS VICTIMS WASHING HANDS WASTE WATER PARTNERSHIP WATER QUALITY WATER RESOURCES WATER SERVICES WATER SOURCES WATER SUPPLIES WATER SUPPLY WATER SUPPLY DISTRIBUTION WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT WATER SUPPLY PROJECTS
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/11/12006034/water-sanitation-hygiene http://hdl.handle.net/10986/9715

Description
Summary:	Better hygiene and access to drinking water and sanitation will accelerate progress toward two millennium development goals (MDGs): 'reduce under-five child mortality rate by 2/3 between 1990 and 2015' and "by 2015 halve the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation". Meeting the latter goal will require infrastructure investments of about US$23 billion per year, to improve water services for 1.5 billion more people (292,000 people per day) and access to safe sanitation for 2.2 billion additional people (397,000 per day). Water supply, sanitation, and hygiene are about more than health. Saved time, particularly for women and children, is a major benefit. Beneficiaries of water and sanitation projects in India reported these benefits: less tension/conflict in homes and communities; community unity, self-esteem, women's empowerment (less harassment) and improved school attendance (Water Aid 2001). Improved hygiene (hand washing) and sanitation (latrines) have more impact than drinking water quality on health outcomes, specifically reductions in diarrhea, parasitic infections, morbidity and mortality, and increases in child growth (Esrey et al 1991; Hutley et al 1997). Most endemic diarrhea is not water-borne, but transmitted from person to person by poor hygiene practices, so an increase in the quantity of water has a greater health impact than improved water quality because it makes it possible (or at least more feasible) for people to adopt safe hygiene behaviors (Esrey et al 1996).

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