A Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to the Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty in Morocco, 2001–2007

The measurement of multidimensional poverty has been advocated by most welfare scholars and is experiencing a growth in interest, partly explained by controversial debates that have emerged across academics and practitioners. This paper follows one of the least explored approaches -- Multiple Corres...

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Main Authors:	Ezzrar, Abdeljaouad, Verme, Paolo
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:	ABSOLUTE POVERTY ABSOLUTE VALUE ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES BASIC HEALTH BASIC HEALTH SERVICES CONSUMPTION DATA COVARIANCE MATRIX DECLINE IN POVERTY DEPENDENT VARIABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICY DIMENSIONAL POVERTY DRINKING WATER DURABLE DURABLE GOODS DURABLES ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC STUDIES ECONOMICS EDUCATED PEOPLE EMPLOYMENT STATUS EQUIPMENT FINANCES FOOD EXPENDITURE FOOD POVERTY FOOD POVERTY LINE FOREIGN INVESTMENTS FORM OF POVERTY FORMS OF POVERTY FUNCTIONAL FORM HEALTH INSURANCE HIGH POVERTY HIGHER INEQUALITY HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX ILLITERACY INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME POVERTY INCOME QUINTILE INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERPOLATION LABOR MARKET LIVING STANDARDS MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK MALNUTRITION MARKET CONDITIONS MEASURING POVERTY MICRO-DATA MOBILE PHONES NON-INCOME DIMENSIONS NON-POOR HOUSEHOLDS NUTRITION NEEDS NUTRITIONAL STATUS POLICY RESEARCH POOR POOR AREAS POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POTABLE WATER POTABLE WATER SUPPLY POVERTY ANALYSIS POVERTY COMPARISONS POVERTY DYNAMICS POVERTY GROUPS POVERTY INCREASES POVERTY INDEX POVERTY INDEXES POVERTY INDICATOR POVERTY INDICATORS POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MAPS POVERTY MEASUREMENT POVERTY MEASURES POVERTY PROFILE POVERTY QUINTILES POVERTY RATES PRO-POOR PRO-POOR GROWTH PUBLIC INVESTMENTS REGIONAL LEVELS RETURNS RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL DIVIDE RURAL HOUSEHOLD RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR RURAL POVERTY SANITATION TARGETING UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS URBAN POOR WELFARE INDICATOR WELFARE INDICATORS WELFARE LEVEL WELFARE MEASURE
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/06/16364520/multiple-correspondence-analysis-approach-measurement-multidimensional-poverty-morocco-2001-2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/9330

id	okr-10986-9330
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-93302021-04-23T14:02:45Z A Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to the Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty in Morocco, 2001–2007 Ezzrar, Abdeljaouad Verme, Paolo ABSOLUTE POVERTY ABSOLUTE VALUE ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES BASIC HEALTH BASIC HEALTH SERVICES CONSUMPTION DATA COVARIANCE MATRIX DECLINE IN POVERTY DEPENDENT VARIABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICY DIMENSIONAL POVERTY DRINKING WATER DURABLE DURABLE GOODS DURABLES ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC STUDIES ECONOMICS EDUCATED PEOPLE EMPLOYMENT STATUS EQUIPMENT FINANCES FOOD EXPENDITURE FOOD POVERTY FOOD POVERTY LINE FOREIGN INVESTMENTS FORM OF POVERTY FORMS OF POVERTY FUNCTIONAL FORM HEALTH INSURANCE HIGH POVERTY HIGHER INEQUALITY HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX ILLITERACY INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME POVERTY INCOME QUINTILE INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERPOLATION LABOR MARKET LIVING STANDARDS MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK MALNUTRITION MARKET CONDITIONS MEASURING POVERTY MICRO-DATA MOBILE PHONES NON-INCOME DIMENSIONS NON-POOR HOUSEHOLDS NUTRITION NEEDS NUTRITIONAL STATUS POLICY RESEARCH POOR POOR AREAS POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POTABLE WATER POTABLE WATER SUPPLY POVERTY ANALYSIS POVERTY COMPARISONS POVERTY DYNAMICS POVERTY GROUPS POVERTY INCREASES POVERTY INDEX POVERTY INDEXES POVERTY INDICATOR POVERTY INDICATORS POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MAPS POVERTY MEASUREMENT POVERTY MEASURES POVERTY PROFILE POVERTY QUINTILES POVERTY RATES PRO-POOR PRO-POOR GROWTH PUBLIC INVESTMENTS REGIONAL LEVELS RETURNS RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL DIVIDE RURAL HOUSEHOLD RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR RURAL POVERTY SANITATION TARGETING UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS URBAN POOR WELFARE INDICATOR WELFARE INDICATORS WELFARE LEVEL WELFARE MEASURE The measurement of multidimensional poverty has been advocated by most welfare scholars and is experiencing a growth in interest, partly explained by controversial debates that have emerged across academics and practitioners. This paper follows one of the least explored approaches -- Multiple Correspondence Analysis -- to assess multidimensional poverty in Morocco between 2001 and 2007. Multiple Correspondence Analysis provides two major advantages for the measurement of multidimensional poverty: it generates a matrix of "weights" based on the variance-covariance matrix of all welfare dimensions selected and provides a natural approach for constructing a composite welfare indicator that satisfies essential poverty ordering axioms. The application shows that poverty in Morocco has declined according to both monetary and multidimensional indicators and that these findings are robust to stochastic dominance tests. The paper concludes that the sustained positive growth that Morocco experienced during the last decade has translated in improvements in living conditions well beyond monetary returns. 2012-06-29T20:18:00Z 2012-06-29T20:18:00Z 2012-06 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/06/16364520/multiple-correspondence-analysis-approach-measurement-multidimensional-poverty-morocco-2001-2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/9330 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper; No. 6087 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Middle East and North Africa Morocco
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ABSOLUTE POVERTY ABSOLUTE VALUE ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES BASIC HEALTH BASIC HEALTH SERVICES CONSUMPTION DATA COVARIANCE MATRIX DECLINE IN POVERTY DEPENDENT VARIABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICY DIMENSIONAL POVERTY DRINKING WATER DURABLE DURABLE GOODS DURABLES ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC STUDIES ECONOMICS EDUCATED PEOPLE EMPLOYMENT STATUS EQUIPMENT FINANCES FOOD EXPENDITURE FOOD POVERTY FOOD POVERTY LINE FOREIGN INVESTMENTS FORM OF POVERTY FORMS OF POVERTY FUNCTIONAL FORM HEALTH INSURANCE HIGH POVERTY HIGHER INEQUALITY HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX ILLITERACY INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME POVERTY INCOME QUINTILE INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERPOLATION LABOR MARKET LIVING STANDARDS MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK MALNUTRITION MARKET CONDITIONS MEASURING POVERTY MICRO-DATA MOBILE PHONES NON-INCOME DIMENSIONS NON-POOR HOUSEHOLDS NUTRITION NEEDS NUTRITIONAL STATUS POLICY RESEARCH POOR POOR AREAS POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POTABLE WATER POTABLE WATER SUPPLY POVERTY ANALYSIS POVERTY COMPARISONS POVERTY DYNAMICS POVERTY GROUPS POVERTY INCREASES POVERTY INDEX POVERTY INDEXES POVERTY INDICATOR POVERTY INDICATORS POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MAPS POVERTY MEASUREMENT POVERTY MEASURES POVERTY PROFILE POVERTY QUINTILES POVERTY RATES PRO-POOR PRO-POOR GROWTH PUBLIC INVESTMENTS REGIONAL LEVELS RETURNS RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL DIVIDE RURAL HOUSEHOLD RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR RURAL POVERTY SANITATION TARGETING UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS URBAN POOR WELFARE INDICATOR WELFARE INDICATORS WELFARE LEVEL WELFARE MEASURE
spellingShingle	ABSOLUTE POVERTY ABSOLUTE VALUE ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES BASIC HEALTH BASIC HEALTH SERVICES CONSUMPTION DATA COVARIANCE MATRIX DECLINE IN POVERTY DEPENDENT VARIABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICY DIMENSIONAL POVERTY DRINKING WATER DURABLE DURABLE GOODS DURABLES ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC STUDIES ECONOMICS EDUCATED PEOPLE EMPLOYMENT STATUS EQUIPMENT FINANCES FOOD EXPENDITURE FOOD POVERTY FOOD POVERTY LINE FOREIGN INVESTMENTS FORM OF POVERTY FORMS OF POVERTY FUNCTIONAL FORM HEALTH INSURANCE HIGH POVERTY HIGHER INEQUALITY HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX ILLITERACY INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME POVERTY INCOME QUINTILE INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERPOLATION LABOR MARKET LIVING STANDARDS MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK MALNUTRITION MARKET CONDITIONS MEASURING POVERTY MICRO-DATA MOBILE PHONES NON-INCOME DIMENSIONS NON-POOR HOUSEHOLDS NUTRITION NEEDS NUTRITIONAL STATUS POLICY RESEARCH POOR POOR AREAS POOR HOUSEHOLD POOR HOUSEHOLDS POTABLE WATER POTABLE WATER SUPPLY POVERTY ANALYSIS POVERTY COMPARISONS POVERTY DYNAMICS POVERTY GROUPS POVERTY INCREASES POVERTY INDEX POVERTY INDEXES POVERTY INDICATOR POVERTY INDICATORS POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MAPS POVERTY MEASUREMENT POVERTY MEASURES POVERTY PROFILE POVERTY QUINTILES POVERTY RATES PRO-POOR PRO-POOR GROWTH PUBLIC INVESTMENTS REGIONAL LEVELS RETURNS RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL DIVIDE RURAL HOUSEHOLD RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR RURAL POVERTY SANITATION TARGETING UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS URBAN POOR WELFARE INDICATOR WELFARE INDICATORS WELFARE LEVEL WELFARE MEASURE Ezzrar, Abdeljaouad Verme, Paolo A Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to the Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty in Morocco, 2001–2007
geographic_facet	Middle East and North Africa Morocco
relation	Policy Research Working Paper; No. 6087
description	The measurement of multidimensional poverty has been advocated by most welfare scholars and is experiencing a growth in interest, partly explained by controversial debates that have emerged across academics and practitioners. This paper follows one of the least explored approaches -- Multiple Correspondence Analysis -- to assess multidimensional poverty in Morocco between 2001 and 2007. Multiple Correspondence Analysis provides two major advantages for the measurement of multidimensional poverty: it generates a matrix of "weights" based on the variance-covariance matrix of all welfare dimensions selected and provides a natural approach for constructing a composite welfare indicator that satisfies essential poverty ordering axioms. The application shows that poverty in Morocco has declined according to both monetary and multidimensional indicators and that these findings are robust to stochastic dominance tests. The paper concludes that the sustained positive growth that Morocco experienced during the last decade has translated in improvements in living conditions well beyond monetary returns.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Ezzrar, Abdeljaouad Verme, Paolo
author_facet	Ezzrar, Abdeljaouad Verme, Paolo
author_sort	Ezzrar, Abdeljaouad
title	A Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to the Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty in Morocco, 2001–2007
title_short	A Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to the Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty in Morocco, 2001–2007
title_full	A Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to the Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty in Morocco, 2001–2007
title_fullStr	A Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to the Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty in Morocco, 2001–2007
title_full_unstemmed	A Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to the Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty in Morocco, 2001–2007
title_sort	multiple correspondence analysis approach to the measurement of multidimensional poverty in morocco, 2001–2007
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2012
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/06/16364520/multiple-correspondence-analysis-approach-measurement-multidimensional-poverty-morocco-2001-2007 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/9330
_version_	1764409158880198656

A Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach to the Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty in Morocco, 2001–2007

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