Small-Scale Irrigation Dams, Agricultural Production, and Health: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia

The author looks at the feasibility and potential of instituting small-scale irrigation dams to reduce Ethiopia s dependence on rainfed agriculture and the associated food insecurity. He develops a theoretical framework to assess the welfare implications of irrigation development programs and provid...

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Main Author:	Ersado, Lire
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:	ACCOUNTING AGRICULTURAL CROPS AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL MARKETING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY AGRICULTURE AQUATIC PLANTS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CRISES CROPS DEFORESTATION DEGRADED ENVIRONMENTS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DISEASES DIVERSION DROUGHT DROUGHTS ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC BENEFITS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC IMPACT ECONOMISTS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES EQUILIBRIUM EROSION EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXPECTED RETURNS EXPENDITURES FARMING FISHING FOOD INSECURITY FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRODUCTION FORESTRY FUELS FUNCTIONAL FORMS GARDEN GARDEN CULTIVATION GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HEATING INCOME INCOME EFFECT INCOMES LABOR ALLOCATION LABOR ALLOCATIONS LABOR MARKET LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR SUPPLY LAND DEGRADATION LAND USE LEISURE MARGINAL BENEFITS MARGINAL COST MARGINAL PRODUCT MARGINAL UTILITY MARKET WAGE MULTIPLIERS NATURAL RESOURCE BASE NATURAL RESOURCES NEW TECHNOLOGIES NORMAL GOOD OPPORTUNITY COST OPPORTUNITY COSTS OUTPUTS PH POPULATION GROWTH PRECIPITATION PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT MAXIMIZATION PROFIT MAXIMIZING PROGRAMS RAINFALL RECLAMATION RESOURCE USE RISK MANAGEMENT RIVERS RURAL DEVELOPMENT SALINITY SCIENCES SEA SEDIMENTATION SHADOW PRICES SIDE EFFECTS SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION SOIL CONSERVATION STATIC ANALYSIS SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION TIME CONSTRAINTS TREES UTILITY FUNCTION UTILITY MAXIMIZATION WAGES WATER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS WATER RESOURCE WATER RESOURCES WEALTH
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/01/5617958/small-scale-irrigation-dams-agricultural-production-health-theory-evidence-ethiopia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8916

id	okr-10986-8916
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-89162021-04-23T14:02:42Z Small-Scale Irrigation Dams, Agricultural Production, and Health: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia Ersado, Lire ACCOUNTING AGRICULTURAL CROPS AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL MARKETING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY AGRICULTURE AQUATIC PLANTS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CRISES CROPS DEFORESTATION DEGRADED ENVIRONMENTS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DISEASES DIVERSION DROUGHT DROUGHTS ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC BENEFITS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC IMPACT ECONOMISTS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES EQUILIBRIUM EROSION EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXPECTED RETURNS EXPENDITURES FARMING FISHING FOOD INSECURITY FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRODUCTION FORESTRY FUELS FUNCTIONAL FORMS GARDEN GARDEN CULTIVATION GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HEATING INCOME INCOME EFFECT INCOMES LABOR ALLOCATION LABOR ALLOCATIONS LABOR MARKET LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR SUPPLY LAND DEGRADATION LAND USE LEISURE MARGINAL BENEFITS MARGINAL COST MARGINAL PRODUCT MARGINAL UTILITY MARKET WAGE MULTIPLIERS NATURAL RESOURCE BASE NATURAL RESOURCES NEW TECHNOLOGIES NORMAL GOOD OPPORTUNITY COST OPPORTUNITY COSTS OUTPUTS PH POPULATION GROWTH PRECIPITATION PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT MAXIMIZATION PROFIT MAXIMIZING PROGRAMS RAINFALL RECLAMATION RESOURCE USE RISK MANAGEMENT RIVERS RURAL DEVELOPMENT SALINITY SCIENCES SEA SEDIMENTATION SHADOW PRICES SIDE EFFECTS SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION SOIL CONSERVATION STATIC ANALYSIS SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION TIME CONSTRAINTS TREES UTILITY FUNCTION UTILITY MAXIMIZATION WAGES WATER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS WATER RESOURCE WATER RESOURCES WEALTH The author looks at the feasibility and potential of instituting small-scale irrigation dams to reduce Ethiopia s dependence on rainfed agriculture and the associated food insecurity. He develops a theoretical framework to assess the welfare implications of irrigation development programs and provides empirical evidence from microdam construction and reforestation projects in northern Ethiopia. The author pays particular attention to health-related costs of establishing small-scale irrigation dams in areas prone to waterborne diseases. While the theoretical analyses imply that the net welfare impacts of irrigation dams cannot be known a priori due to potential health costs, the empirical evidence shows that current agricultural yield and farm profit have increased in villages with closer proximity to the dams than in those more distant. The increased disease incidence due to standing pools of water has, however, led to significant declines in the returns from investment in irrigation water. Households with poor health are less likely to adopt productivity-enhancing as well as resource-conserving technologies, which are crucial for achieving the ultimate goal of sustainable agricultural development. The ensuing sickness has also led to reduction in labor allocation to off-farm activities. The findings underline the importance of weighing beforehand the magnitude of potential economic benefits against health costs of water development programs. The overall evidence, however, suggests that carefully designed irrigation dams could significantly improve agricultural production and food security, particularly in areas where waterborne diseases pose negligible risk to health or can be cost-effectively controlled. 2012-06-25T14:49:19Z 2012-06-25T14:49:19Z 2005-01 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/01/5617958/small-scale-irrigation-dams-agricultural-production-health-theory-evidence-ethiopia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8916 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3494 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Africa Ethiopia
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ACCOUNTING AGRICULTURAL CROPS AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL MARKETING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY AGRICULTURE AQUATIC PLANTS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CRISES CROPS DEFORESTATION DEGRADED ENVIRONMENTS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DISEASES DIVERSION DROUGHT DROUGHTS ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC BENEFITS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC IMPACT ECONOMISTS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES EQUILIBRIUM EROSION EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXPECTED RETURNS EXPENDITURES FARMING FISHING FOOD INSECURITY FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRODUCTION FORESTRY FUELS FUNCTIONAL FORMS GARDEN GARDEN CULTIVATION GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HEATING INCOME INCOME EFFECT INCOMES LABOR ALLOCATION LABOR ALLOCATIONS LABOR MARKET LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR SUPPLY LAND DEGRADATION LAND USE LEISURE MARGINAL BENEFITS MARGINAL COST MARGINAL PRODUCT MARGINAL UTILITY MARKET WAGE MULTIPLIERS NATURAL RESOURCE BASE NATURAL RESOURCES NEW TECHNOLOGIES NORMAL GOOD OPPORTUNITY COST OPPORTUNITY COSTS OUTPUTS PH POPULATION GROWTH PRECIPITATION PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT MAXIMIZATION PROFIT MAXIMIZING PROGRAMS RAINFALL RECLAMATION RESOURCE USE RISK MANAGEMENT RIVERS RURAL DEVELOPMENT SALINITY SCIENCES SEA SEDIMENTATION SHADOW PRICES SIDE EFFECTS SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION SOIL CONSERVATION STATIC ANALYSIS SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION TIME CONSTRAINTS TREES UTILITY FUNCTION UTILITY MAXIMIZATION WAGES WATER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS WATER RESOURCE WATER RESOURCES WEALTH
spellingShingle	ACCOUNTING AGRICULTURAL CROPS AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL MARKETING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY AGRICULTURE AQUATIC PLANTS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CRISES CROPS DEFORESTATION DEGRADED ENVIRONMENTS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DISEASES DIVERSION DROUGHT DROUGHTS ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC BENEFITS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC IMPACT ECONOMISTS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES EQUILIBRIUM EROSION EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXPECTED RETURNS EXPENDITURES FARMING FISHING FOOD INSECURITY FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRODUCTION FORESTRY FUELS FUNCTIONAL FORMS GARDEN GARDEN CULTIVATION GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HEATING INCOME INCOME EFFECT INCOMES LABOR ALLOCATION LABOR ALLOCATIONS LABOR MARKET LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR SUPPLY LAND DEGRADATION LAND USE LEISURE MARGINAL BENEFITS MARGINAL COST MARGINAL PRODUCT MARGINAL UTILITY MARKET WAGE MULTIPLIERS NATURAL RESOURCE BASE NATURAL RESOURCES NEW TECHNOLOGIES NORMAL GOOD OPPORTUNITY COST OPPORTUNITY COSTS OUTPUTS PH POPULATION GROWTH PRECIPITATION PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTIVITY PROFIT MAXIMIZATION PROFIT MAXIMIZING PROGRAMS RAINFALL RECLAMATION RESOURCE USE RISK MANAGEMENT RIVERS RURAL DEVELOPMENT SALINITY SCIENCES SEA SEDIMENTATION SHADOW PRICES SIDE EFFECTS SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION SOIL CONSERVATION STATIC ANALYSIS SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION TIME CONSTRAINTS TREES UTILITY FUNCTION UTILITY MAXIMIZATION WAGES WATER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS WATER RESOURCE WATER RESOURCES WEALTH Ersado, Lire Small-Scale Irrigation Dams, Agricultural Production, and Health: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia
geographic_facet	Africa Ethiopia
relation	Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3494
description	The author looks at the feasibility and potential of instituting small-scale irrigation dams to reduce Ethiopia s dependence on rainfed agriculture and the associated food insecurity. He develops a theoretical framework to assess the welfare implications of irrigation development programs and provides empirical evidence from microdam construction and reforestation projects in northern Ethiopia. The author pays particular attention to health-related costs of establishing small-scale irrigation dams in areas prone to waterborne diseases. While the theoretical analyses imply that the net welfare impacts of irrigation dams cannot be known a priori due to potential health costs, the empirical evidence shows that current agricultural yield and farm profit have increased in villages with closer proximity to the dams than in those more distant. The increased disease incidence due to standing pools of water has, however, led to significant declines in the returns from investment in irrigation water. Households with poor health are less likely to adopt productivity-enhancing as well as resource-conserving technologies, which are crucial for achieving the ultimate goal of sustainable agricultural development. The ensuing sickness has also led to reduction in labor allocation to off-farm activities. The findings underline the importance of weighing beforehand the magnitude of potential economic benefits against health costs of water development programs. The overall evidence, however, suggests that carefully designed irrigation dams could significantly improve agricultural production and food security, particularly in areas where waterborne diseases pose negligible risk to health or can be cost-effectively controlled.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Ersado, Lire
author_facet	Ersado, Lire
author_sort	Ersado, Lire
title	Small-Scale Irrigation Dams, Agricultural Production, and Health: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia
title_short	Small-Scale Irrigation Dams, Agricultural Production, and Health: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia
title_full	Small-Scale Irrigation Dams, Agricultural Production, and Health: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia
title_fullStr	Small-Scale Irrigation Dams, Agricultural Production, and Health: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed	Small-Scale Irrigation Dams, Agricultural Production, and Health: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia
title_sort	small-scale irrigation dams, agricultural production, and health: theory and evidence from ethiopia
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2012
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/01/5617958/small-scale-irrigation-dams-agricultural-production-health-theory-evidence-ethiopia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8916
_version_	1764407127980376064

Small-Scale Irrigation Dams, Agricultural Production, and Health: Theory and Evidence from Ethiopia

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