Learning Levels and Gaps in Pakistan

The authors report on a survey of primary public and private schools in rural Pakistan with a focus on student achievement as measured through test scores. Absolute learning is low compared with curricular standards and international norms. Tested at the end of the third grade, a bare majority had m...

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Main Authors:	Das, Jishnu, Pandey, Priyanka, Zajonc, Tristan
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:	ACHIEVEMENT SCORES ADEQUATE FACILITIES ADULT LITERACY ADULT LITERACY RATE ADULT WORKERS ASSESSING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT BASIC COMPETENCIES BASIC KNOWLEDGE CALL CLASSROOM CREATIVE THINKING CURRICULUM CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DELIVERY OF EDUCATION DISTANCE TO SCHOOL DISTRICT EDUCATION DONOR SUPPORT EDUCATED CHILDREN EDUCATED GIRLS EDUCATED PARENTS EDUCATION FOR ALL EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATION SYSTEMS EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL GAPS EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTIONS EDUCATIONAL LEGISLATION EDUCATIONAL PARTICIPATION EDUCATIONAL POLICY EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH EDUCATIONAL STATUS EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM END OF GRADE ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATE FIRST GRADE FORMAL SCHOOLING FREE TEXTBOOKS FUNCTIONALLY ILLITERATE FUTURE RESEARCH GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER GAP GIRLS HEAD-TEACHERS HIGH SCHOOL HIGHER LEARNING HIGHER TEST SCORES HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLITERATE MOTHERS ILLITERATE PARENTS INTERVENTIONS LEARNING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTS LEARNING LEVELS LITERACY LITERATURE LOW ACHIEVEMENT LOW LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT MATH TEST MATHEMATICS MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MONITORING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT NET ENROLLMENT NET ENROLLMENT RATE NUMBER OF SCHOOLS NUMBER OF STUDENTS NUMERACY PAPERS PARENTAL EDUCATION PARENTAL INCOME PARENTAL SUPPORT PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY EDUCATION PROJECT PRIMARY LEVEL PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLETION PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SCHOOL PRIVATE SCHOOLS PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOLS READING RELIGIOUS SCHOOLS RETURNS TO EDUCATION RURAL AREAS RURAL PUBLIC SCHOOLS SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL FACTORS SCHOOL GRADUATE SCHOOL LEVEL SCHOOL PERFORMANCE SCHOOL REGISTERS SCIENCE STUDY SECONDARY SCHOOL SECONDARY SCHOOLING SOUTH ASIAN STIPENDS STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS STUDENT COSTS STUDENT SCORES SUBJECTS TEACHER TEACHER ABSENTEEISM TEACHER COMMITMENT TEACHER PERFORMANCE TEACHERS TEACHING TEACHING ACTIVITY TEXTBOOK TYPES OF SCHOOLS URBAN SCHOOLS VILLAGE LEVEL WORKERS
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/11/7193177/learning-levels-gaps-pakistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8866

id	okr-10986-8866
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-88662021-04-23T14:02:41Z Learning Levels and Gaps in Pakistan Das, Jishnu Pandey, Priyanka Zajonc, Tristan ACHIEVEMENT SCORES ADEQUATE FACILITIES ADULT LITERACY ADULT LITERACY RATE ADULT WORKERS ASSESSING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT BASIC COMPETENCIES BASIC KNOWLEDGE CALL CLASSROOM CREATIVE THINKING CURRICULUM CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DELIVERY OF EDUCATION DISTANCE TO SCHOOL DISTRICT EDUCATION DONOR SUPPORT EDUCATED CHILDREN EDUCATED GIRLS EDUCATED PARENTS EDUCATION FOR ALL EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATION SYSTEMS EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL GAPS EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTIONS EDUCATIONAL LEGISLATION EDUCATIONAL PARTICIPATION EDUCATIONAL POLICY EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH EDUCATIONAL STATUS EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM END OF GRADE ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATE FIRST GRADE FORMAL SCHOOLING FREE TEXTBOOKS FUNCTIONALLY ILLITERATE FUTURE RESEARCH GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER GAP GIRLS HEAD-TEACHERS HIGH SCHOOL HIGHER LEARNING HIGHER TEST SCORES HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLITERATE MOTHERS ILLITERATE PARENTS INTERVENTIONS LEARNING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTS LEARNING LEVELS LITERACY LITERATURE LOW ACHIEVEMENT LOW LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT MATH TEST MATHEMATICS MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MONITORING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT NET ENROLLMENT NET ENROLLMENT RATE NUMBER OF SCHOOLS NUMBER OF STUDENTS NUMERACY PAPERS PARENTAL EDUCATION PARENTAL INCOME PARENTAL SUPPORT PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY EDUCATION PROJECT PRIMARY LEVEL PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLETION PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SCHOOL PRIVATE SCHOOLS PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOLS READING RELIGIOUS SCHOOLS RETURNS TO EDUCATION RURAL AREAS RURAL PUBLIC SCHOOLS SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL FACTORS SCHOOL GRADUATE SCHOOL LEVEL SCHOOL PERFORMANCE SCHOOL REGISTERS SCIENCE STUDY SECONDARY SCHOOL SECONDARY SCHOOLING SOUTH ASIAN STIPENDS STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS STUDENT COSTS STUDENT SCORES SUBJECTS TEACHER TEACHER ABSENTEEISM TEACHER COMMITMENT TEACHER PERFORMANCE TEACHERS TEACHING TEACHING ACTIVITY TEXTBOOK TYPES OF SCHOOLS URBAN SCHOOLS VILLAGE LEVEL WORKERS The authors report on a survey of primary public and private schools in rural Pakistan with a focus on student achievement as measured through test scores. Absolute learning is low compared with curricular standards and international norms. Tested at the end of the third grade, a bare majority had mastered the K-I mathematics curriculum and 31 percent could correctly form a sentence with the word "school" in the vernacular (Urdu). As in high-income countries, bivariate comparisons show that higher learning is associated with household wealth and parental literacy. In sharp contrast to high-income countries, these gaps decrease dramatically in a multivariate regression once differences between children in the same school are looked at. Consequently, the largest gaps are between schools. The gap in English test scores between government and private schools, for instance, is 12 times the gap between children from rich and poor families. To contextualize these results within a broader South Asian context, the authors use data from public schools in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. Levels of learning and the structure of the educational gaps are similar in the two samples. As in Pakistan, absolute learning is low and the largest gaps are between schools: the gap between good and bad government schools, for instance, is 5 times the gap between children with literate and illiterate mothers. 2012-06-22T20:35:01Z 2012-06-22T20:35:01Z 2006-11 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/11/7193177/learning-levels-gaps-pakistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8866 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4067 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research South Asia Pakistan
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ACHIEVEMENT SCORES ADEQUATE FACILITIES ADULT LITERACY ADULT LITERACY RATE ADULT WORKERS ASSESSING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT BASIC COMPETENCIES BASIC KNOWLEDGE CALL CLASSROOM CREATIVE THINKING CURRICULUM CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DELIVERY OF EDUCATION DISTANCE TO SCHOOL DISTRICT EDUCATION DONOR SUPPORT EDUCATED CHILDREN EDUCATED GIRLS EDUCATED PARENTS EDUCATION FOR ALL EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATION SYSTEMS EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL GAPS EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTIONS EDUCATIONAL LEGISLATION EDUCATIONAL PARTICIPATION EDUCATIONAL POLICY EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH EDUCATIONAL STATUS EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM END OF GRADE ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATE FIRST GRADE FORMAL SCHOOLING FREE TEXTBOOKS FUNCTIONALLY ILLITERATE FUTURE RESEARCH GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER GAP GIRLS HEAD-TEACHERS HIGH SCHOOL HIGHER LEARNING HIGHER TEST SCORES HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLITERATE MOTHERS ILLITERATE PARENTS INTERVENTIONS LEARNING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTS LEARNING LEVELS LITERACY LITERATURE LOW ACHIEVEMENT LOW LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT MATH TEST MATHEMATICS MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MONITORING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT NET ENROLLMENT NET ENROLLMENT RATE NUMBER OF SCHOOLS NUMBER OF STUDENTS NUMERACY PAPERS PARENTAL EDUCATION PARENTAL INCOME PARENTAL SUPPORT PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY EDUCATION PROJECT PRIMARY LEVEL PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLETION PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SCHOOL PRIVATE SCHOOLS PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOLS READING RELIGIOUS SCHOOLS RETURNS TO EDUCATION RURAL AREAS RURAL PUBLIC SCHOOLS SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL FACTORS SCHOOL GRADUATE SCHOOL LEVEL SCHOOL PERFORMANCE SCHOOL REGISTERS SCIENCE STUDY SECONDARY SCHOOL SECONDARY SCHOOLING SOUTH ASIAN STIPENDS STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS STUDENT COSTS STUDENT SCORES SUBJECTS TEACHER TEACHER ABSENTEEISM TEACHER COMMITMENT TEACHER PERFORMANCE TEACHERS TEACHING TEACHING ACTIVITY TEXTBOOK TYPES OF SCHOOLS URBAN SCHOOLS VILLAGE LEVEL WORKERS
spellingShingle	ACHIEVEMENT SCORES ADEQUATE FACILITIES ADULT LITERACY ADULT LITERACY RATE ADULT WORKERS ASSESSING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT BASIC COMPETENCIES BASIC KNOWLEDGE CALL CLASSROOM CREATIVE THINKING CURRICULUM CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT DELIVERY OF EDUCATION DISTANCE TO SCHOOL DISTRICT EDUCATION DONOR SUPPORT EDUCATED CHILDREN EDUCATED GIRLS EDUCATED PARENTS EDUCATION FOR ALL EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATION SYSTEMS EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL GAPS EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTIONS EDUCATIONAL LEGISLATION EDUCATIONAL PARTICIPATION EDUCATIONAL POLICY EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH EDUCATIONAL STATUS EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM END OF GRADE ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATE FIRST GRADE FORMAL SCHOOLING FREE TEXTBOOKS FUNCTIONALLY ILLITERATE FUTURE RESEARCH GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER GAP GIRLS HEAD-TEACHERS HIGH SCHOOL HIGHER LEARNING HIGHER TEST SCORES HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLITERATE MOTHERS ILLITERATE PARENTS INTERVENTIONS LEARNING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTS LEARNING LEVELS LITERACY LITERATURE LOW ACHIEVEMENT LOW LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT MATH TEST MATHEMATICS MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MONITORING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT NET ENROLLMENT NET ENROLLMENT RATE NUMBER OF SCHOOLS NUMBER OF STUDENTS NUMERACY PAPERS PARENTAL EDUCATION PARENTAL INCOME PARENTAL SUPPORT PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY EDUCATION PROJECT PRIMARY LEVEL PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLETION PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SCHOOL PRIVATE SCHOOLS PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOLS READING RELIGIOUS SCHOOLS RETURNS TO EDUCATION RURAL AREAS RURAL PUBLIC SCHOOLS SCHOOL ADMINISTRATION SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL FACTORS SCHOOL GRADUATE SCHOOL LEVEL SCHOOL PERFORMANCE SCHOOL REGISTERS SCIENCE STUDY SECONDARY SCHOOL SECONDARY SCHOOLING SOUTH ASIAN STIPENDS STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS STUDENT COSTS STUDENT SCORES SUBJECTS TEACHER TEACHER ABSENTEEISM TEACHER COMMITMENT TEACHER PERFORMANCE TEACHERS TEACHING TEACHING ACTIVITY TEXTBOOK TYPES OF SCHOOLS URBAN SCHOOLS VILLAGE LEVEL WORKERS Das, Jishnu Pandey, Priyanka Zajonc, Tristan Learning Levels and Gaps in Pakistan
geographic_facet	South Asia Pakistan
relation	Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4067
description	The authors report on a survey of primary public and private schools in rural Pakistan with a focus on student achievement as measured through test scores. Absolute learning is low compared with curricular standards and international norms. Tested at the end of the third grade, a bare majority had mastered the K-I mathematics curriculum and 31 percent could correctly form a sentence with the word "school" in the vernacular (Urdu). As in high-income countries, bivariate comparisons show that higher learning is associated with household wealth and parental literacy. In sharp contrast to high-income countries, these gaps decrease dramatically in a multivariate regression once differences between children in the same school are looked at. Consequently, the largest gaps are between schools. The gap in English test scores between government and private schools, for instance, is 12 times the gap between children from rich and poor families. To contextualize these results within a broader South Asian context, the authors use data from public schools in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. Levels of learning and the structure of the educational gaps are similar in the two samples. As in Pakistan, absolute learning is low and the largest gaps are between schools: the gap between good and bad government schools, for instance, is 5 times the gap between children with literate and illiterate mothers.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Das, Jishnu Pandey, Priyanka Zajonc, Tristan
author_facet	Das, Jishnu Pandey, Priyanka Zajonc, Tristan
author_sort	Das, Jishnu
title	Learning Levels and Gaps in Pakistan
title_short	Learning Levels and Gaps in Pakistan
title_full	Learning Levels and Gaps in Pakistan
title_fullStr	Learning Levels and Gaps in Pakistan
title_full_unstemmed	Learning Levels and Gaps in Pakistan
title_sort	learning levels and gaps in pakistan
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2012
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/11/7193177/learning-levels-gaps-pakistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8866
_version_	1764406679505469440

Learning Levels and Gaps in Pakistan

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