Exploring the Linkages between Poverty, Marine Protected Area Management, and the Use of Destructive Fishing Gear in Tanzania

Coastal resources in Tanzania have come under increasing pressure over the past three decades, which has led to a significant decline in the biodiversity and productivity of coastal ecosystems. The livelihoods of coastal communities that directly depend on these resources are consequently under incr...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Silva, Patricia
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:	ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT ADULT FEMALES ADULT MALES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ANCHOVY ARTISANAL FISHERY BEACH BEACHES BILLFISH BIODIVERSITY BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES CASH INCOME CATFISH CHANNEL COASTAL AREAS COASTAL COMMUNITIES COASTAL COMMUNITY COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS COASTAL FISHING COASTAL HABITATS COASTAL RESOURCES COASTAL WATERS COASTAL ZONE COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION CONSERVATION CONSERVATION ACTIVITIES CONSERVATION AREAS CONSERVATION OBJECTIVES CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS CONSERVATION PROGRAMS CONSERVE BIODIVERSITY CONTINENTAL SHELF CORAL CORAL REEF MANAGEMENT CORAL REEFS CORALS CRABS DECISION MAKING DEEP SEA DEEP WATER DEMERSAL FISH DESTRUCTIVE FISHING DESTRUCTIVE FISHING TECHNIQUES DETERMINANT DETERMINANTS DIVERSITY OF SPECIES DIVING DOLPHINS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC CONDITIONS EELS EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ESTUARIES EXPENDITURES EXPLOITATION FARMING FENCE FIELD WORK FISH FISH SPECIES FISH STOCKS FISHER FISHERIES FISHERIES MANAGEMENT FISHERIES MANAGERS FISHERIES REGULATIONS FISHERIES RESOURCES FISHERMEN FISHERS FISHERY FISHERY MANAGEMENT FISHERY RESOURCES FISHES FISHING FISHING EQUIPMENT FISHING GEAR FISHING METHODS FISHING NETS FISHING PRACTICES FISHING PRESSURE FISHING REGULATIONS FISHING TECHNIQUES FISHING VESSEL FISHING VESSELS FOOD SECURITY FOOD WEBS FOREST FOREST AREA FOREST RESERVE ILLEGAL FISHING INCOME INSHORE FISHERIES INSURANCE IRON LEGISLATION LITTORAL LIVESTOCK LOBSTERS LOCAL FISHERMEN LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY MACKEREL MANGROVE MANGROVE FORESTS MANGROVES MARINE AREAS MARINE CONSERVATION MARINE ENVIRONMENT MARINE FISHERIES MARINE FISHING MARINE PARK MARINE PARKS MARINE PRODUCTS MARINE PROTECTED AREAS MARINE RESERVES MARINE RESOURCES MARINE SCIENTISTS MARINE SPECIES MOLLUSKS NATIONAL PARK NATURAL CAPITAL NATURAL RESOURCES NATURE RESERVE NET FISHING OCEANS OCTOPUS OFFSHORE FISHING OFFSHORE WATERS OYSTERS PACIFIC ISLANDS PALM PATCH REEFS PATROLLING PELAGIC FISH POLICY DECISIONS PRODUCTIVITY PROGRAMS QUOTAS RABBIT REEF REEF FISH REEF FISHES REEFS RESERVES RESOURCE USE ROADS SANCTUARIES SANCTUARY SARDINE SAVINGS SCUBA DIVERS SEA SEA CUCUMBER SEA CUCUMBERS SEAS SEAWEED SEINE NET SHARK SHARKS SHELLFISH SHELLS SHRIMPS SILVER SOILS SPECIES COMPOSITION SQUID SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TERRITORIAL SEAS TIDES TOURISM TRADITIONAL FISHERMEN TREE TREE PLANTING TUNA TURTLES VILLAGE FISHERMEN VILLAGES WATERS WILDLIFE
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/02/6553771/exploring-linkages-between-poverty-marine-protected-area-management-use-destructive-fishing-gear-tanzania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8779

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Summary:	Coastal resources in Tanzania have come under increasing pressure over the past three decades, which has led to a significant decline in the biodiversity and productivity of coastal ecosystems. The livelihoods of coastal communities that directly depend on these resources are consequently under increasing threat and vulnerability. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are one tool for managing coastal and marine resources that have been increasingly used in Tanzania. Promotion of alternative income generating activities (AIGAs) is often a component of MPA management strategies to reduce fishing pressure and address poverty concerns. However, empirical evidence on whether these AIGAs are successful in reducing pressure on fisheries, or their impact on poverty, is scarce and inconclusive. This paper seeks to contribute to this debate by investigating the linkages between household characteristics, MPA activities, and household choice of fishing gear. The empirical analysis is based on household survey data from a sample of villages located along the coast of mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar. The author finds that some aspects of poverty increase the likelihood of using destructive fishing gear. MPAs do not directly affect household choice of fishing gear. However, households participating in AIGAs are less likely to use destructive fishing gear, suggesting that MPA support to these activities in Tanzania has a positive influence on household choice of fishing gear. The author also finds the use of destructive fishing gear is associated with higher consumption levels, whereas participation in AIGAs does not significantly affect household consumption levels.

Exploring the Linkages between Poverty, Marine Protected Area Management, and the Use of Destructive Fishing Gear in Tanzania

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