Antidumping and Safeguard Measures in the Political Economy of Liberalization : The Mexican Case
Mexico's creation and use of safeguard and antidumping processes to advance its liberalization illustrate three key points: (1) The country was able to use the instruments without losing political control. In a period of crisis that threatened congressional approval of critical steps in the lib...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2012
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/08/6213823/antidumping-safeguard-measures-political-economy-liberalization-mexican-case http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8608 |
| id |
okr-10986-8608 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| spelling |
okr-10986-86082021-04-23T14:02:43Z Antidumping and Safeguard Measures in the Political Economy of Liberalization : The Mexican Case de la Torre, Luz Elena Reyes González, Jorge G. ACCESS TO INFORMATION ANTIDUMPING ANTIDUMPING CASES ANTIDUMPING CODE ANTIDUMPING DUTIES ANTIDUMPING LAWS ANTIDUMPING MEASURES ANTIDUMPING POLICY AVERAGE TARIFF BILATERAL AGREEMENT BILATERAL AGREEMENTS BILATERAL PANELS BINATIONAL PANELS COMPETITIVENESS COUNTRY OF ORIGIN CURRENCY DEVALUATION DISPUTE SETTLEMENT DOMESTIC INDUSTRY DOMESTIC PRODUCERS ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMIC IMPACT ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION PROCESS EXCHANGE POLICY EXCHANGE RATE EXPORTERS EXTERNAL FINANCING FINANCIAL MARKETS FOREIGN CURRENCY FOREIGN DEBT FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN TRADE FOREIGN TRADE POLICY FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS GDP GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES IMPACT OF TRADE IMPORTS INFLATION INFLATION RATES INTEREST RATE INTERMEDIATE GOODS INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL PRICES INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTMENT FLOWS LATIN AMERICAN LEGISLATION MULTILATERAL AGREEMENT NAFTA NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT OPEN ECONOMIES OVERVALUATION POLITICAL ECONOMY PRICE DISCRIMINATION PROTECTION MEASURES PUBLIC HEARINGS RECIPROCITY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RESOURCE ALLOCATION SAFEGUARD ACTIONS SAFEGUARD MEASURES TARIFF BARRIER TARIFF LEVELS TARIFF PREFERENCES TARIFF STRUCTURES TRADE AGREEMENT TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION EFFORTS TRADE LIBERALIZATION PROCESS TRADE NEGOTIATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE PARTNERS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE PRACTICES TRADE PROTECTION TRADE REPRESENTATIVES UNFAIR TRADE PRACTICES URUGUAY ROUND WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO Mexico's creation and use of safeguard and antidumping processes to advance its liberalization illustrate three key points: (1) The country was able to use the instruments without losing political control. In a period of crisis that threatened congressional approval of critical steps in the liberalization-brought on by currency overvaluation and recession, along with unexpected demands from the United States in the North American Free Trade Agreement negotiations-the government applied a number of trade defense measures. Once the problems were addressed with adequate instruments the number of measures dropped drastically. The instruments had not been captured by protection-seeking interests; (2) The country adopted a liberalization-accepting measure of international norms. An important innovation that Mexico made operational was the use within World Trade Organization (WTO) rules of prevailing international prices as the measure of competition that industry was expected to meet. The WTO rules would also have allowed the use of other standards-as in traditional antidumping-using countries-that impose less discipline. Moreover, the Mexican standard was consistent with the government-industry understanding that though Mexican industry would be protected against extraordinary circumstances it would be expected to face up to international competition; (3) Political judgment and political courage are essential. While mastery of the technical elements of a safeguard or antidumping investigation is mandatory, sustaining liberalization depends in significant part on the political skills to know when to emphasize the technical elements, when to rely more on the discretion the government retains under the rules, and on the courage to do it. 2012-06-20T22:13:43Z 2012-06-20T22:13:43Z 2005-08 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/08/6213823/antidumping-safeguard-measures-political-economy-liberalization-mexican-case http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8608 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3684 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Latin America & Caribbean Mexico |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ACCESS TO INFORMATION ANTIDUMPING ANTIDUMPING CASES ANTIDUMPING CODE ANTIDUMPING DUTIES ANTIDUMPING LAWS ANTIDUMPING MEASURES ANTIDUMPING POLICY AVERAGE TARIFF BILATERAL AGREEMENT BILATERAL AGREEMENTS BILATERAL PANELS BINATIONAL PANELS COMPETITIVENESS COUNTRY OF ORIGIN CURRENCY DEVALUATION DISPUTE SETTLEMENT DOMESTIC INDUSTRY DOMESTIC PRODUCERS ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMIC IMPACT ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION PROCESS EXCHANGE POLICY EXCHANGE RATE EXPORTERS EXTERNAL FINANCING FINANCIAL MARKETS FOREIGN CURRENCY FOREIGN DEBT FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN TRADE FOREIGN TRADE POLICY FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS GDP GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES IMPACT OF TRADE IMPORTS INFLATION INFLATION RATES INTEREST RATE INTERMEDIATE GOODS INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL PRICES INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTMENT FLOWS LATIN AMERICAN LEGISLATION MULTILATERAL AGREEMENT NAFTA NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT OPEN ECONOMIES OVERVALUATION POLITICAL ECONOMY PRICE DISCRIMINATION PROTECTION MEASURES PUBLIC HEARINGS RECIPROCITY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RESOURCE ALLOCATION SAFEGUARD ACTIONS SAFEGUARD MEASURES TARIFF BARRIER TARIFF LEVELS TARIFF PREFERENCES TARIFF STRUCTURES TRADE AGREEMENT TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION EFFORTS TRADE LIBERALIZATION PROCESS TRADE NEGOTIATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE PARTNERS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE PRACTICES TRADE PROTECTION TRADE REPRESENTATIVES UNFAIR TRADE PRACTICES URUGUAY ROUND WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO INFORMATION ANTIDUMPING ANTIDUMPING CASES ANTIDUMPING CODE ANTIDUMPING DUTIES ANTIDUMPING LAWS ANTIDUMPING MEASURES ANTIDUMPING POLICY AVERAGE TARIFF BILATERAL AGREEMENT BILATERAL AGREEMENTS BILATERAL PANELS BINATIONAL PANELS COMPETITIVENESS COUNTRY OF ORIGIN CURRENCY DEVALUATION DISPUTE SETTLEMENT DOMESTIC INDUSTRY DOMESTIC PRODUCERS ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMIC IMPACT ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION PROCESS EXCHANGE POLICY EXCHANGE RATE EXPORTERS EXTERNAL FINANCING FINANCIAL MARKETS FOREIGN CURRENCY FOREIGN DEBT FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN TRADE FOREIGN TRADE POLICY FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS GDP GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES IMPACT OF TRADE IMPORTS INFLATION INFLATION RATES INTEREST RATE INTERMEDIATE GOODS INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL PRICES INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION INVESTMENT FLOWS LATIN AMERICAN LEGISLATION MULTILATERAL AGREEMENT NAFTA NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT OPEN ECONOMIES OVERVALUATION POLITICAL ECONOMY PRICE DISCRIMINATION PROTECTION MEASURES PUBLIC HEARINGS RECIPROCITY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RESOURCE ALLOCATION SAFEGUARD ACTIONS SAFEGUARD MEASURES TARIFF BARRIER TARIFF LEVELS TARIFF PREFERENCES TARIFF STRUCTURES TRADE AGREEMENT TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION EFFORTS TRADE LIBERALIZATION PROCESS TRADE NEGOTIATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE PARTNERS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE PRACTICES TRADE PROTECTION TRADE REPRESENTATIVES UNFAIR TRADE PRACTICES URUGUAY ROUND WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO de la Torre, Luz Elena Reyes González, Jorge G. Antidumping and Safeguard Measures in the Political Economy of Liberalization : The Mexican Case |
| geographic_facet |
Latin America & Caribbean Mexico |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper; No. 3684 |
| description |
Mexico's creation and use of safeguard and antidumping processes to advance its liberalization illustrate three key points: (1) The country was able to use the instruments without losing political control. In a period of crisis that threatened congressional approval of critical steps in the liberalization-brought on by currency overvaluation and recession, along with unexpected demands from the United States in the North American Free Trade Agreement negotiations-the government applied a number of trade defense measures. Once the problems were addressed with adequate instruments the number of measures dropped drastically. The instruments had not been captured by protection-seeking interests; (2) The country adopted a liberalization-accepting measure of international norms. An important innovation that Mexico made operational was the use within World Trade Organization (WTO) rules of prevailing international prices as the measure of competition that industry was expected to meet. The WTO rules would also have allowed the use of other standards-as in traditional antidumping-using countries-that impose less discipline. Moreover, the Mexican standard was consistent with the government-industry understanding that though Mexican industry would be protected against extraordinary circumstances it would be expected to face up to international competition; (3) Political judgment and political courage are essential. While mastery of the technical elements of a safeguard or antidumping investigation is mandatory, sustaining liberalization depends in significant part on the political skills to know when to emphasize the technical elements, when to rely more on the discretion the government retains under the rules, and on the courage to do it. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
de la Torre, Luz Elena Reyes González, Jorge G. |
| author_facet |
de la Torre, Luz Elena Reyes González, Jorge G. |
| author_sort |
de la Torre, Luz Elena Reyes |
| title |
Antidumping and Safeguard Measures in the Political Economy of Liberalization : The Mexican Case |
| title_short |
Antidumping and Safeguard Measures in the Political Economy of Liberalization : The Mexican Case |
| title_full |
Antidumping and Safeguard Measures in the Political Economy of Liberalization : The Mexican Case |
| title_fullStr |
Antidumping and Safeguard Measures in the Political Economy of Liberalization : The Mexican Case |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Antidumping and Safeguard Measures in the Political Economy of Liberalization : The Mexican Case |
| title_sort |
antidumping and safeguard measures in the political economy of liberalization : the mexican case |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/08/6213823/antidumping-safeguard-measures-political-economy-liberalization-mexican-case http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8608 |
| _version_ |
1764407631337750528 |