Bolivia : Poverty Assessment, Establishing the Basis for More Pro-Poor Growth

Bolivia faces high levels of persistent poverty and inequality. In 2002, 65 percent of the population was living in poverty and, of that, nearly 40 percent in extreme poverty. There was a decline in poverty in the mid-1990s, however, the rate today remains close to the level of the early 1990s. In a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: World Bank
Format: Poverty Assessment
Language:English
en_US
Published: Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:
GDP
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/12/6555336/bolivia-poverty-assessment-establishing-basis-more-pro-poor-growth-bolivia-poverty-assessment-establishing-basis-pro-poor-growth
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8412
id okr-10986-8412
recordtype oai_dc
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
en_US
topic ACCESS TO ASSETS
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
AGRICULTURE
AVERAGE INCOMES
BASIC EDUCATION
CAPITAL ACCUMULATION
CAPITAL INFLOWS
CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM
COMMUNITY ASSETS
COMPETITIVENESS
COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY
CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE
CONSUMPTION POVERTY
CREDIT MARKETS
DEBT
DECLINE IN POVERTY
DEVELOPMENT GOALS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DISMISSAL
DOMESTIC MARKETS
EARNING
ECONOMIC BOOM
ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC POLICY
ECONOMIC REFORM
ECONOMIC REFORMS
ECONOMIC SHOCKS
ECONOMIC SITUATION
EDUCATED WORKERS
ELASTICITY
EMPLOYEE
EMPLOYMENT
EMPLOYMENT CREATION
EQUAL ACCESS
EXPLAINING CHANGES
EXPORTS
EXTREME POVERTY
FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN
FARM PRODUCTION
FINANCIAL SECTOR
FIRM PRODUCTIVITY
FIRM SIZE
FISCAL CONSTRAINTS
FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS
FREE TRADE
GDP
GDP PER CAPITA
GINI COEFFICIENT
GROWTH POTENTIAL
GROWTH PROJECTIONS
GROWTH PROSPECTS
GROWTH RATE
GROWTH RATES
HIGH OPPORTUNITY COSTS
HIGH POVERTY
HIGH WAGE
HOUSEHOLD HEADS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
HUMAN CAPITAL
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
IMPACT ON POVERTY REDUCTION
IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
INCOME DISTRIBUTION
INCOME GAINS
INCOME GENERATION
INCOME INEQUALITY
INCOME POVERTY
INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES
INFANT MORTALITY
INFANT MORTALITY RATES
INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT
INFORMAL SECTOR
INVESTMENT CLIMATE
JOB CREATION
JOB SECURITY
LABOR COST
LABOR COSTS
LABOR DEMAND
LABOR FORCE
LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
LABOR LAWS
LABOR LEGISLATION
LABOR MARKET
LABOR MARKET INDICATORS
LABOR MARKET INTERMEDIATION
LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE
LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS
LABOR MARKETS
LABOR PRODUCTIVITY
LABOR REGULATIONS
MACROECONOMIC STABILITY
MALNUTRITION
MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
MARGINAL RETURNS
MINIMUM WAGE
NATIONAL POVERTY
NEW CROP VARIETIES
NUTRITION
NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS
OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT
OUTPUT PER CAPITA
PAID WORKERS
PAYING JOBS
PER CAPITA GROWTH
PER CAPITA INCOME
PERSISTENT POVERTY
POLICY DETERMINANTS
POLICY INTERVENTIONS
POLICY REFORMS
POLITICAL STABILITY
POOR AREAS
POOR COUNTRIES
POOR FAMILIES
POOR PEOPLE
POOR POLICY
POORER REGIONS
POVERTY ASSESSMENT
POVERTY FRONT
POVERTY INCIDENCE
POVERTY LEVEL
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY LINES
POVERTY MAP
POVERTY MEASURES
POVERTY PROFILES
POVERTY RATE
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
POVERTY TARGET
PRIMARY EDUCATION
PRO-POOR
PRO-POOR GROWTH
PRODUCTION FUNCTION
PRODUCTION PROCESSES
PRODUCTIVITY GAINS
PROPERTY RIGHTS
PUBLIC EXPENDITURE
PUBLIC POLICIES
PUBLIC POLICY
REAL WAGES
REDUCED POVERTY
REDUCING POVERTY
REFORM EFFORTS
REGIONAL AVERAGES
RESOURCE ALLOCATION
RURAL AREAS
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
RURAL DWELLERS
RURAL ECONOMY
RURAL LABOR
RURAL LABOR MARKETS
RURAL MIGRATION
RURAL POOR
RURAL POVERTY
RURAL RESIDENTS
SALARIED WORKERS
SANITATION
SCHOOLING
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
SEVERANCE PAYMENTS
SIGNIFICANT IMPACT
SMALL BUSINESS
SOCIAL CAPITAL
SOCIAL PROGRAMS
SOCIAL PROTECTION
SOCIAL SECURITY
SOCIAL SPENDING
STRUCTURAL POLICIES
SUBSISTENCE
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
THIN MARKETS
TRANSACTIONS COSTS
UNEMPLOYED
UNEMPLOYMENT RATES
UNEQUAL COUNTRIES
UNSKILLED LABOR
URBAN AREAS
URBAN POVERTY
VALUE ADDED
WAGE LEVELS
WORKER
spellingShingle ACCESS TO ASSETS
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
AGRICULTURE
AVERAGE INCOMES
BASIC EDUCATION
CAPITAL ACCUMULATION
CAPITAL INFLOWS
CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM
COMMUNITY ASSETS
COMPETITIVENESS
COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY
CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE
CONSUMPTION POVERTY
CREDIT MARKETS
DEBT
DECLINE IN POVERTY
DEVELOPMENT GOALS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DISMISSAL
DOMESTIC MARKETS
EARNING
ECONOMIC BOOM
ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC POLICY
ECONOMIC REFORM
ECONOMIC REFORMS
ECONOMIC SHOCKS
ECONOMIC SITUATION
EDUCATED WORKERS
ELASTICITY
EMPLOYEE
EMPLOYMENT
EMPLOYMENT CREATION
EQUAL ACCESS
EXPLAINING CHANGES
EXPORTS
EXTREME POVERTY
FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN
FARM PRODUCTION
FINANCIAL SECTOR
FIRM PRODUCTIVITY
FIRM SIZE
FISCAL CONSTRAINTS
FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS
FREE TRADE
GDP
GDP PER CAPITA
GINI COEFFICIENT
GROWTH POTENTIAL
GROWTH PROJECTIONS
GROWTH PROSPECTS
GROWTH RATE
GROWTH RATES
HIGH OPPORTUNITY COSTS
HIGH POVERTY
HIGH WAGE
HOUSEHOLD HEADS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
HUMAN CAPITAL
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
IMPACT ON POVERTY REDUCTION
IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
INCOME DISTRIBUTION
INCOME GAINS
INCOME GENERATION
INCOME INEQUALITY
INCOME POVERTY
INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES
INFANT MORTALITY
INFANT MORTALITY RATES
INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT
INFORMAL SECTOR
INVESTMENT CLIMATE
JOB CREATION
JOB SECURITY
LABOR COST
LABOR COSTS
LABOR DEMAND
LABOR FORCE
LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION
LABOR LAWS
LABOR LEGISLATION
LABOR MARKET
LABOR MARKET INDICATORS
LABOR MARKET INTERMEDIATION
LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE
LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS
LABOR MARKETS
LABOR PRODUCTIVITY
LABOR REGULATIONS
MACROECONOMIC STABILITY
MALNUTRITION
MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
MARGINAL RETURNS
MINIMUM WAGE
NATIONAL POVERTY
NEW CROP VARIETIES
NUTRITION
NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS
OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT
OUTPUT PER CAPITA
PAID WORKERS
PAYING JOBS
PER CAPITA GROWTH
PER CAPITA INCOME
PERSISTENT POVERTY
POLICY DETERMINANTS
POLICY INTERVENTIONS
POLICY REFORMS
POLITICAL STABILITY
POOR AREAS
POOR COUNTRIES
POOR FAMILIES
POOR PEOPLE
POOR POLICY
POORER REGIONS
POVERTY ASSESSMENT
POVERTY FRONT
POVERTY INCIDENCE
POVERTY LEVEL
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY LINES
POVERTY MAP
POVERTY MEASURES
POVERTY PROFILES
POVERTY RATE
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
POVERTY TARGET
PRIMARY EDUCATION
PRO-POOR
PRO-POOR GROWTH
PRODUCTION FUNCTION
PRODUCTION PROCESSES
PRODUCTIVITY GAINS
PROPERTY RIGHTS
PUBLIC EXPENDITURE
PUBLIC POLICIES
PUBLIC POLICY
REAL WAGES
REDUCED POVERTY
REDUCING POVERTY
REFORM EFFORTS
REGIONAL AVERAGES
RESOURCE ALLOCATION
RURAL AREAS
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
RURAL DWELLERS
RURAL ECONOMY
RURAL LABOR
RURAL LABOR MARKETS
RURAL MIGRATION
RURAL POOR
RURAL POVERTY
RURAL RESIDENTS
SALARIED WORKERS
SANITATION
SCHOOLING
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
SEVERANCE PAYMENTS
SIGNIFICANT IMPACT
SMALL BUSINESS
SOCIAL CAPITAL
SOCIAL PROGRAMS
SOCIAL PROTECTION
SOCIAL SECURITY
SOCIAL SPENDING
STRUCTURAL POLICIES
SUBSISTENCE
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
THIN MARKETS
TRANSACTIONS COSTS
UNEMPLOYED
UNEMPLOYMENT RATES
UNEQUAL COUNTRIES
UNSKILLED LABOR
URBAN AREAS
URBAN POVERTY
VALUE ADDED
WAGE LEVELS
WORKER
World Bank
Bolivia : Poverty Assessment, Establishing the Basis for More Pro-Poor Growth
geographic_facet Latin America & Caribbean
America
South America
Bolivia
description Bolivia faces high levels of persistent poverty and inequality. In 2002, 65 percent of the population was living in poverty and, of that, nearly 40 percent in extreme poverty. There was a decline in poverty in the mid-1990s, however, the rate today remains close to the level of the early 1990s. In addition, income distribution in Bolivia is among the most unequal in Latin America. This report suggests three main reasons for the continuing high levels of poverty and inequality: First, growth during the 1990s was concentrated in natural resource-based exports, which have a relatively low demand for labor services while labor-intensive sectors and poorer regions grew at a lower rate. Second, the low productivity of firms, particularly in the informal labor-intensive sector, has held back the growth of both employment and wages. Third, the poor have inadequate opportunities to improve their human capital (e.g., through quality education, especially secondary and above), despite recent progress in access to basic education. This results in low labor productivity and restricted access to better-paying jobs. The main overall policy lesson is that broad-based economic growth, sustained over the long term, is a fundamental and necessary condition to reduce poverty and inequality. However, this needs to be supported by policies to improve labor productivity and job creation. This can be accomplished through (1) removing obstacles to firm modernization and growth, and integrating them further into the formal sector; (2) modernizing business and labor regulations in line with international best-practice to allow integration and competition in the world economy; and (3) strengthening human capital and social protection for the poor to enhance their productivity and ability to market their labor.
format Economic & Sector Work :: Poverty Assessment
author World Bank
author_facet World Bank
author_sort World Bank
title Bolivia : Poverty Assessment, Establishing the Basis for More Pro-Poor Growth
title_short Bolivia : Poverty Assessment, Establishing the Basis for More Pro-Poor Growth
title_full Bolivia : Poverty Assessment, Establishing the Basis for More Pro-Poor Growth
title_fullStr Bolivia : Poverty Assessment, Establishing the Basis for More Pro-Poor Growth
title_full_unstemmed Bolivia : Poverty Assessment, Establishing the Basis for More Pro-Poor Growth
title_sort bolivia : poverty assessment, establishing the basis for more pro-poor growth
publisher Washington, DC
publishDate 2012
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/12/6555336/bolivia-poverty-assessment-establishing-basis-more-pro-poor-growth-bolivia-poverty-assessment-establishing-basis-pro-poor-growth
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8412
_version_ 1764405406666326016
spelling okr-10986-84122021-04-23T14:02:39Z Bolivia : Poverty Assessment, Establishing the Basis for More Pro-Poor Growth World Bank ACCESS TO ASSETS AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURE AVERAGE INCOMES BASIC EDUCATION CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CAPITAL INFLOWS CASH TRANSFER PROGRAM COMMUNITY ASSETS COMPETITIVENESS COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE CONSUMPTION POVERTY CREDIT MARKETS DEBT DECLINE IN POVERTY DEVELOPMENT GOALS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DISMISSAL DOMESTIC MARKETS EARNING ECONOMIC BOOM ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC REFORM ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC SHOCKS ECONOMIC SITUATION EDUCATED WORKERS ELASTICITY EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT CREATION EQUAL ACCESS EXPLAINING CHANGES EXPORTS EXTREME POVERTY FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN FARM PRODUCTION FINANCIAL SECTOR FIRM PRODUCTIVITY FIRM SIZE FISCAL CONSTRAINTS FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS FREE TRADE GDP GDP PER CAPITA GINI COEFFICIENT GROWTH POTENTIAL GROWTH PROJECTIONS GROWTH PROSPECTS GROWTH RATE GROWTH RATES HIGH OPPORTUNITY COSTS HIGH POVERTY HIGH WAGE HOUSEHOLD HEADS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPACT ON POVERTY REDUCTION IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GAINS INCOME GENERATION INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME POVERTY INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES INFANT MORTALITY INFANT MORTALITY RATES INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INVESTMENT CLIMATE JOB CREATION JOB SECURITY LABOR COST LABOR COSTS LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR LAWS LABOR LEGISLATION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET INDICATORS LABOR MARKET INTERMEDIATION LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS LABOR MARKETS LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR REGULATIONS MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MALNUTRITION MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY MARGINAL RETURNS MINIMUM WAGE NATIONAL POVERTY NEW CROP VARIETIES NUTRITION NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT OUTPUT PER CAPITA PAID WORKERS PAYING JOBS PER CAPITA GROWTH PER CAPITA INCOME PERSISTENT POVERTY POLICY DETERMINANTS POLICY INTERVENTIONS POLICY REFORMS POLITICAL STABILITY POOR AREAS POOR COUNTRIES POOR FAMILIES POOR PEOPLE POOR POLICY POORER REGIONS POVERTY ASSESSMENT POVERTY FRONT POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LEVEL POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MAP POVERTY MEASURES POVERTY PROFILES POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY POVERTY TARGET PRIMARY EDUCATION PRO-POOR PRO-POOR GROWTH PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTION PROCESSES PRODUCTIVITY GAINS PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC POLICIES PUBLIC POLICY REAL WAGES REDUCED POVERTY REDUCING POVERTY REFORM EFFORTS REGIONAL AVERAGES RESOURCE ALLOCATION RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL DWELLERS RURAL ECONOMY RURAL LABOR RURAL LABOR MARKETS RURAL MIGRATION RURAL POOR RURAL POVERTY RURAL RESIDENTS SALARIED WORKERS SANITATION SCHOOLING SELF-EMPLOYMENT SEVERANCE PAYMENTS SIGNIFICANT IMPACT SMALL BUSINESS SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL PROGRAMS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SPENDING STRUCTURAL POLICIES SUBSISTENCE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TELECOMMUNICATIONS THIN MARKETS TRANSACTIONS COSTS UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNEQUAL COUNTRIES UNSKILLED LABOR URBAN AREAS URBAN POVERTY VALUE ADDED WAGE LEVELS WORKER Bolivia faces high levels of persistent poverty and inequality. In 2002, 65 percent of the population was living in poverty and, of that, nearly 40 percent in extreme poverty. There was a decline in poverty in the mid-1990s, however, the rate today remains close to the level of the early 1990s. In addition, income distribution in Bolivia is among the most unequal in Latin America. This report suggests three main reasons for the continuing high levels of poverty and inequality: First, growth during the 1990s was concentrated in natural resource-based exports, which have a relatively low demand for labor services while labor-intensive sectors and poorer regions grew at a lower rate. Second, the low productivity of firms, particularly in the informal labor-intensive sector, has held back the growth of both employment and wages. Third, the poor have inadequate opportunities to improve their human capital (e.g., through quality education, especially secondary and above), despite recent progress in access to basic education. This results in low labor productivity and restricted access to better-paying jobs. The main overall policy lesson is that broad-based economic growth, sustained over the long term, is a fundamental and necessary condition to reduce poverty and inequality. However, this needs to be supported by policies to improve labor productivity and job creation. This can be accomplished through (1) removing obstacles to firm modernization and growth, and integrating them further into the formal sector; (2) modernizing business and labor regulations in line with international best-practice to allow integration and competition in the world economy; and (3) strengthening human capital and social protection for the poor to enhance their productivity and ability to market their labor. 2012-06-19T15:02:17Z 2012-06-19T15:02:17Z 2005-12 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/12/6555336/bolivia-poverty-assessment-establishing-basis-more-pro-poor-growth-bolivia-poverty-assessment-establishing-basis-pro-poor-growth http://hdl.handle.net/10986/8412 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Poverty Assessment Economic & Sector Work Latin America & Caribbean America South America Bolivia