Actual Crop Water Use in Project Countries : A Synthesis at the Regional Level

This report aims to synthesize the results of a crop water use study conducted by country teams of the GEF/World Bank project, Regional Climate, Water, and Agriculture: Impacts on and Adaptation of Agro-ecological Systems in Africa. It also present...

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Main Authors:	Wahaj, Robina, Maraux, Florent, Munoz, Giovanni
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION ANIMALS APPLES ARID AREAS ARID ZONES ATMOSPHERIC CARBON AVAILABILITY OF WATER AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL BANANAS BARLEY BEANS BIOMASS BROAD BEANS CAPSICUM CASH CROPS CASSAVA CEREALS CITRUS FRUITS CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGES CLIMATE DATA CLIMATE IMPACTS CLIMATE VARIABILITY CLIMATIC CONDITIONS CLIMATIC VARIABILITY CLIMATIC ZONE CLIMATIC ZONES COFFEE COMMERCIAL FARMERS COTTON COVERING CROP CROP DEVELOPMENT CROP MANAGEMENT CROP PRODUCTION CROP YIELD CROPPING CROPPING SYSTEMS CROPS CUBIC METER CUBIC METERS CULTIVATION DAM DATES DRAINAGE DROUGHT DRY BEANS ECOSYSTEMS FAO FARM FARM INCOME FARMER FARMERS FARMING SYSTEMS FARMS FODDER CROPS FOOD CROPS FOOD PRODUCTION FOOD SECURITY FOOD SUPPLY FROST GRAIN GRAINS GRAPES GROUNDNUT GROUNDNUTS GROWING SEASON HORTICULTURAL CROPS HUMIDITY HYDROLOGY INDUSTRIAL CROPS INTERCROPPING IRRIGATION LEGUMES LENTILS MAIZE MANGOES MELONS METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS MILLET NITROGEN NUTRIENTS OIL PALM PEACHES PEARS PEAS PEPPER PERENNIAL CROPS PHOTOSYNTHESIS PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES PIGEON PEAS PLANT PHYSIOLOGY PLOWING PLUMS POTENTIAL YIELDS PRODUCE PULSES RADIATION RAINFED AGRICULTURE RAINFED AREAS RAINFED CROPS RAINFED FARMING RICE RIVER BASIN SAHEL SCIENCES SESAME SHIFTING CULTIVATION SMALL FARMERS SOIL QUALITY SOILS SORGHUM SOWING SOYBEAN SUGAR SUGAR BEET SUGARCANE SUNFLOWER SURFACE WATER SURFACE WATER SUPPLY SWEET POTATOES TEA TOBACCO TOMATOES USE OF WATER VEGETABLES WATER AVAILABILITY WATER DEVELOPMENT WATER DIVERSION WATER MANAGEMENT WATER REQUIREMENTS WATER RESOURCES WATER SHORTAGE WATER SHORTAGES WATER SUPPLY WATER USE WATER WITHDRAWAL WHEAT WINTER WHEAT YIELDS
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/07/7998373/actual-crop-water-use-project-countries-synthesis-regional-level http://hdl.handle.net/10986/7481

id	okr-10986-7481
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-74812021-04-23T14:02:33Z Actual Crop Water Use in Project Countries : A Synthesis at the Regional Level Wahaj, Robina Maraux, Florent Munoz, Giovanni ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION ANIMALS APPLES ARID AREAS ARID ZONES ATMOSPHERIC CARBON AVAILABILITY OF WATER AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL BANANAS BARLEY BEANS BIOMASS BROAD BEANS CAPSICUM CASH CROPS CASSAVA CEREALS CITRUS FRUITS CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGES CLIMATE DATA CLIMATE IMPACTS CLIMATE VARIABILITY CLIMATIC CONDITIONS CLIMATIC VARIABILITY CLIMATIC ZONE CLIMATIC ZONES COFFEE COMMERCIAL FARMERS COTTON COVERING CROP CROP DEVELOPMENT CROP MANAGEMENT CROP PRODUCTION CROP YIELD CROPPING CROPPING SYSTEMS CROPS CUBIC METER CUBIC METERS CULTIVATION DAM DATES DRAINAGE DROUGHT DRY BEANS ECOSYSTEMS FAO FARM FARM INCOME FARMER FARMERS FARMING SYSTEMS FARMS FODDER CROPS FOOD CROPS FOOD PRODUCTION FOOD SECURITY FOOD SUPPLY FROST GRAIN GRAINS GRAPES GROUNDNUT GROUNDNUTS GROWING SEASON HORTICULTURAL CROPS HUMIDITY HYDROLOGY INDUSTRIAL CROPS INTERCROPPING IRRIGATION LEGUMES LENTILS MAIZE MANGOES MELONS METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS MILLET NITROGEN NUTRIENTS OIL PALM PEACHES PEARS PEAS PEPPER PERENNIAL CROPS PHOTOSYNTHESIS PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES PIGEON PEAS PLANT PHYSIOLOGY PLOWING PLUMS POTENTIAL YIELDS PRODUCE PULSES RADIATION RAINFED AGRICULTURE RAINFED AREAS RAINFED CROPS RAINFED FARMING RICE RIVER BASIN SAHEL SCIENCES SESAME SHIFTING CULTIVATION SMALL FARMERS SOIL QUALITY SOILS SORGHUM SOWING SOYBEAN SUGAR SUGAR BEET SUGARCANE SUNFLOWER SURFACE WATER SURFACE WATER SUPPLY SWEET POTATOES TEA TOBACCO TOMATOES USE OF WATER VEGETABLES WATER AVAILABILITY WATER DEVELOPMENT WATER DIVERSION WATER MANAGEMENT WATER REQUIREMENTS WATER RESOURCES WATER SHORTAGE WATER SHORTAGES WATER SUPPLY WATER USE WATER WITHDRAWAL WHEAT WINTER WHEAT YIELDS This report aims to synthesize the results of a crop water use study conducted by country teams of the GEF/World Bank project, Regional Climate, Water, and Agriculture: Impacts on and Adaptation of Agro-ecological Systems in Africa. It also presents the results of the second phase of the study based on climate change scenarios, conducted by the South Africa country team. The actual evapotranspiration of five commonly grown crops-maize, millet, sorghum, groundnuts, and beans-in two selected districts were analyzed by six country teams. In addition, two country teams also analyzed other crops grown in the districts. The regional analysis shows that the actual yield of the different crops-specifically of maize and groundnuts-improves with an increase in actual evapotranspiration, although the gap remains wide between actual and potential yield and actual and maximum evapotranspiration, especially for the rainfed crops. This highlights the importance of improved water management if agriculture is to play an important role as a source of food security and better livelihoods. The report highlights the vulnerability of maize to water stress and the increased risks to the viability of rainfed farming systems based on this crop. The results of the second phase of analysis show that a 2°C increase in the temperature and a doubling of carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere will shorten the growing period of maize, which will result in decreased crop water requirement and use. The authors recommend extending this type of analysis to other crops as well as to other countries to develop a clearer picture of the changing pattern in crop water use of the major crops grown in the project countries. 2012-06-07T22:03:22Z 2012-06-07T22:03:22Z 2007-07 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/07/7998373/actual-crop-water-use-project-countries-synthesis-regional-level http://hdl.handle.net/10986/7481 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4288 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English
topic	ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION ANIMALS APPLES ARID AREAS ARID ZONES ATMOSPHERIC CARBON AVAILABILITY OF WATER AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL BANANAS BARLEY BEANS BIOMASS BROAD BEANS CAPSICUM CASH CROPS CASSAVA CEREALS CITRUS FRUITS CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGES CLIMATE DATA CLIMATE IMPACTS CLIMATE VARIABILITY CLIMATIC CONDITIONS CLIMATIC VARIABILITY CLIMATIC ZONE CLIMATIC ZONES COFFEE COMMERCIAL FARMERS COTTON COVERING CROP CROP DEVELOPMENT CROP MANAGEMENT CROP PRODUCTION CROP YIELD CROPPING CROPPING SYSTEMS CROPS CUBIC METER CUBIC METERS CULTIVATION DAM DATES DRAINAGE DROUGHT DRY BEANS ECOSYSTEMS FAO FARM FARM INCOME FARMER FARMERS FARMING SYSTEMS FARMS FODDER CROPS FOOD CROPS FOOD PRODUCTION FOOD SECURITY FOOD SUPPLY FROST GRAIN GRAINS GRAPES GROUNDNUT GROUNDNUTS GROWING SEASON HORTICULTURAL CROPS HUMIDITY HYDROLOGY INDUSTRIAL CROPS INTERCROPPING IRRIGATION LEGUMES LENTILS MAIZE MANGOES MELONS METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS MILLET NITROGEN NUTRIENTS OIL PALM PEACHES PEARS PEAS PEPPER PERENNIAL CROPS PHOTOSYNTHESIS PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES PIGEON PEAS PLANT PHYSIOLOGY PLOWING PLUMS POTENTIAL YIELDS PRODUCE PULSES RADIATION RAINFED AGRICULTURE RAINFED AREAS RAINFED CROPS RAINFED FARMING RICE RIVER BASIN SAHEL SCIENCES SESAME SHIFTING CULTIVATION SMALL FARMERS SOIL QUALITY SOILS SORGHUM SOWING SOYBEAN SUGAR SUGAR BEET SUGARCANE SUNFLOWER SURFACE WATER SURFACE WATER SUPPLY SWEET POTATOES TEA TOBACCO TOMATOES USE OF WATER VEGETABLES WATER AVAILABILITY WATER DEVELOPMENT WATER DIVERSION WATER MANAGEMENT WATER REQUIREMENTS WATER RESOURCES WATER SHORTAGE WATER SHORTAGES WATER SUPPLY WATER USE WATER WITHDRAWAL WHEAT WINTER WHEAT YIELDS
spellingShingle	ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION ANIMALS APPLES ARID AREAS ARID ZONES ATMOSPHERIC CARBON AVAILABILITY OF WATER AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL BANANAS BARLEY BEANS BIOMASS BROAD BEANS CAPSICUM CASH CROPS CASSAVA CEREALS CITRUS FRUITS CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGES CLIMATE DATA CLIMATE IMPACTS CLIMATE VARIABILITY CLIMATIC CONDITIONS CLIMATIC VARIABILITY CLIMATIC ZONE CLIMATIC ZONES COFFEE COMMERCIAL FARMERS COTTON COVERING CROP CROP DEVELOPMENT CROP MANAGEMENT CROP PRODUCTION CROP YIELD CROPPING CROPPING SYSTEMS CROPS CUBIC METER CUBIC METERS CULTIVATION DAM DATES DRAINAGE DROUGHT DRY BEANS ECOSYSTEMS FAO FARM FARM INCOME FARMER FARMERS FARMING SYSTEMS FARMS FODDER CROPS FOOD CROPS FOOD PRODUCTION FOOD SECURITY FOOD SUPPLY FROST GRAIN GRAINS GRAPES GROUNDNUT GROUNDNUTS GROWING SEASON HORTICULTURAL CROPS HUMIDITY HYDROLOGY INDUSTRIAL CROPS INTERCROPPING IRRIGATION LEGUMES LENTILS MAIZE MANGOES MELONS METEOROLOGICAL STATIONS MILLET NITROGEN NUTRIENTS OIL PALM PEACHES PEARS PEAS PEPPER PERENNIAL CROPS PHOTOSYNTHESIS PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES PIGEON PEAS PLANT PHYSIOLOGY PLOWING PLUMS POTENTIAL YIELDS PRODUCE PULSES RADIATION RAINFED AGRICULTURE RAINFED AREAS RAINFED CROPS RAINFED FARMING RICE RIVER BASIN SAHEL SCIENCES SESAME SHIFTING CULTIVATION SMALL FARMERS SOIL QUALITY SOILS SORGHUM SOWING SOYBEAN SUGAR SUGAR BEET SUGARCANE SUNFLOWER SURFACE WATER SURFACE WATER SUPPLY SWEET POTATOES TEA TOBACCO TOMATOES USE OF WATER VEGETABLES WATER AVAILABILITY WATER DEVELOPMENT WATER DIVERSION WATER MANAGEMENT WATER REQUIREMENTS WATER RESOURCES WATER SHORTAGE WATER SHORTAGES WATER SUPPLY WATER USE WATER WITHDRAWAL WHEAT WINTER WHEAT YIELDS Wahaj, Robina Maraux, Florent Munoz, Giovanni Actual Crop Water Use in Project Countries : A Synthesis at the Regional Level
relation	Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4288
description	This report aims to synthesize the results of a crop water use study conducted by country teams of the GEF/World Bank project, Regional Climate, Water, and Agriculture: Impacts on and Adaptation of Agro-ecological Systems in Africa. It also presents the results of the second phase of the study based on climate change scenarios, conducted by the South Africa country team. The actual evapotranspiration of five commonly grown crops-maize, millet, sorghum, groundnuts, and beans-in two selected districts were analyzed by six country teams. In addition, two country teams also analyzed other crops grown in the districts. The regional analysis shows that the actual yield of the different crops-specifically of maize and groundnuts-improves with an increase in actual evapotranspiration, although the gap remains wide between actual and potential yield and actual and maximum evapotranspiration, especially for the rainfed crops. This highlights the importance of improved water management if agriculture is to play an important role as a source of food security and better livelihoods. The report highlights the vulnerability of maize to water stress and the increased risks to the viability of rainfed farming systems based on this crop. The results of the second phase of analysis show that a 2°C increase in the temperature and a doubling of carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere will shorten the growing period of maize, which will result in decreased crop water requirement and use. The authors recommend extending this type of analysis to other crops as well as to other countries to develop a clearer picture of the changing pattern in crop water use of the major crops grown in the project countries.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Wahaj, Robina Maraux, Florent Munoz, Giovanni
author_facet	Wahaj, Robina Maraux, Florent Munoz, Giovanni
author_sort	Wahaj, Robina
title	Actual Crop Water Use in Project Countries : A Synthesis at the Regional Level
title_short	Actual Crop Water Use in Project Countries : A Synthesis at the Regional Level
title_full	Actual Crop Water Use in Project Countries : A Synthesis at the Regional Level
title_fullStr	Actual Crop Water Use in Project Countries : A Synthesis at the Regional Level
title_full_unstemmed	Actual Crop Water Use in Project Countries : A Synthesis at the Regional Level
title_sort	actual crop water use in project countries : a synthesis at the regional level
publishDate	2012
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/07/7998373/actual-crop-water-use-project-countries-synthesis-regional-level http://hdl.handle.net/10986/7481
_version_	1764402144632373248

Actual Crop Water Use in Project Countries : A Synthesis at the Regional Level

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