From Inside Brazil : Development in a Land of Contrasts

The overarching theme of the book is development in a land of contrasts. There have been large economic, social, and political changes. The mass of society is far more expressive and politically involved today. In 1945, the country had 7.4 million...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Thomas, Vinod
Format:	Publication
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC: World Bank and Stanford University Press 2012
Subjects:	AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES AGRICULTURE AVERAGE INCOME BASIC EDUCATION CAPITAL FORMATION CAPITALS CARBON CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS CENTRAL BANK CIVIL SOCIETY CLIMATE CHANGE COMPETITIVENESS DEBT DECENTRALIZATION DEFICITS DEFORESTATION DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING WORLD DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INSTITUTIONS ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPLOITATION EXPORTS FINANCIAL SERVICES FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION FISCAL DEFICITS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FORMAL ANALYSIS GDP GDP PER CAPITA GLOBAL ECONOMY GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH GROWTH PROCESS GROWTH RATES HEALTH CARE HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPORTS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME MEASURES INCOME PER CAPITA INCOME POVERTY INFLATION INTEREST RATE INVESTMENT INVESTMENT CLIMATE KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY LABOR MARKET LAWS LONG-TERM GROWTH MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MARKET LIBERALIZATION METROPOLITAN AREAS MICROFINANCE MUNICIPALITIES NATIONAL ECONOMY NATURAL CAPITAL NATURAL RESOURCES PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY CHANGE POLICY ISSUES POLLUTION POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY OF CAPITAL PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC SPENDING REAL GDP REDUCING INEQUALITY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RURAL AREAS SECONDARY ENROLLMENT SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SECURITY SUBSIDIARY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE GROWTH SUSTAINABLE USE TFP TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH TRADEOFFS TRANSPORT URBANIZATION VALUATION VOTERS WEALTH
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/01/6672722/inside-brazil-development-land-contrasts http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6951

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Summary:	The overarching theme of the book is development in a land of contrasts. There have been large economic, social, and political changes. The mass of society is far more expressive and politically involved today. In 1945, the country had 7.4 million voters, about 11 percent of the population. Today it has 120 million voters, or 67 percent of the population. The economy has been modernized, the capitalist ethos spread across regions, mass communication reached every part of the country, and basic education (though of varying quality) has become almost universal. Poverty has been reduced, but inequality remains extremely high. Moreover, the country has become more violent and prone to disorder. Meanwhile, the state has become weaker and less present where it should be present (in the slums and urban fringes), and more present where it should not be. The author captures remarkably well the transformations of the 1990s, when Brazil deepened its insertion into the global economy, opening to imports and to foreign direct investment on the one hand, and increasing its competitiveness on the other. This led to a great expansion of exports, and to the return of large trade surpluses, increasing considerably the share of trade in the country's gross domestic product. However, there is an unfinished agenda with two main imperatives. The first is the need to enter a new and sustainable growth cycle; the second concern is the reform agenda, especially the economic and institutional reforms that are highlighted by this book. Finally, social and environmental issues must remain a high priority.

From Inside Brazil : Development in a Land of Contrasts

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