Measuring Financial Protection in Health

Health systems are not just about improving health: good ones also ensure that people are protected from the financial consequences of receiving medical care. Anecdotal evidence suggests health systems often perform badly in this respect, apparentl...

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Main Author:	Wagstaff, Adam
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:	ABILITY TO PAY AMOUNT OF MONEY ANNUAL RETURNS BORROWING CALCULATION CALCULATIONS CATASTROPHIC EXPENDITURES CATASTROPHIC HEALTH EXPENDITURE CATASTROPHIC HEALTH SPENDING CHEMOTHERAPY COMMUNITY HEALTH CONTRIBUTION COST OF HEALTH CARE COST OF MEDICAL CARE COSTS OF HEALTH CARE COUNTERFACTUAL CURRENT INCOME DISPOSABLE INCOME ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES ECONOMIC REVIEW EXPENDITURES EXPENSE RATIO FAMILIES FEE SCHEDULE FEE-FOR-SERVICE FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES FINANCIAL PROTECTION FINANCIAL RISK FINANCING HEALTH CARE FOOD EXPENDITURE FOOD EXPENDITURES HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE COSTS HEALTH CARE SPENDING HEALTH ECONOMICS HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH FINANCING HEALTH FINANCING REFORM HEALTH FINANCING SYSTEM HEALTH INEQUALITIES HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEMES HEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEM HEALTH ORGANIZATION HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH POLICY HEALTH REFORM HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH HEALTH SPENDING HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH SYSTEM REFORM HEALTH SYSTEMS HEALTH WORKERS HEALTH-CARE HEALTH-CARE COSTS HOSPITAL COSTS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LIVING STANDARDS HOUSEHOLD SPENDING HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLNESS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GROUPS INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME QUINTILE INCOME RISK INCOME SOURCE INFORMAL PAYMENTS INPATIENT CARE INSURANCE INSURANCE COVERAGE INSURANCE RATES INTEREST PAYMENTS INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATES LIVING STANDARDS LOAN LOW INCOME LOW-INCOME MEDICAL BILL MEDICAL BILLS MEDICAL CARE MEDICAL CARE COSTS MEDICAL CONSUMPTION MEDICAL COSTS MEDICAL EXPENDITURE MEDICAL EXPENDITURES MEDICAL EXPENSES MEDICINES PATIENTS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT POCKET PAYMENTS POCKET PAYMENTS FOR HEALTH CARE POLICY RESEARCH POOR POOR FAMILIES POOR HEALTH POVERTY ESTIMATES POVERTY GAP POVERTY LINE POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES PREPAYMENT SYSTEMS PRIVATE PHARMACIES PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR RATE OF RETURN REPAYMENTS RESEARCH PROGRAM RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POPULATION SALES SAVINGS SHARE OF HEALTH SPENDING SOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM SOCIAL PROTECTION TOTAL COST WORKERS WORTH
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/03/9073635/measuring-financial-protection-health http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6570

id	okr-10986-6570
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-65702021-04-23T14:02:31Z Measuring Financial Protection in Health Wagstaff, Adam ABILITY TO PAY AMOUNT OF MONEY ANNUAL RETURNS BORROWING CALCULATION CALCULATIONS CATASTROPHIC EXPENDITURES CATASTROPHIC HEALTH EXPENDITURE CATASTROPHIC HEALTH SPENDING CHEMOTHERAPY COMMUNITY HEALTH CONTRIBUTION COST OF HEALTH CARE COST OF MEDICAL CARE COSTS OF HEALTH CARE COUNTERFACTUAL CURRENT INCOME DISPOSABLE INCOME ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES ECONOMIC REVIEW EXPENDITURES EXPENSE RATIO FAMILIES FEE SCHEDULE FEE-FOR-SERVICE FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES FINANCIAL PROTECTION FINANCIAL RISK FINANCING HEALTH CARE FOOD EXPENDITURE FOOD EXPENDITURES HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE COSTS HEALTH CARE SPENDING HEALTH ECONOMICS HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH FINANCING HEALTH FINANCING REFORM HEALTH FINANCING SYSTEM HEALTH INEQUALITIES HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEMES HEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEM HEALTH ORGANIZATION HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH POLICY HEALTH REFORM HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH HEALTH SPENDING HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH SYSTEM REFORM HEALTH SYSTEMS HEALTH WORKERS HEALTH-CARE HEALTH-CARE COSTS HOSPITAL COSTS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LIVING STANDARDS HOUSEHOLD SPENDING HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLNESS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GROUPS INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME QUINTILE INCOME RISK INCOME SOURCE INFORMAL PAYMENTS INPATIENT CARE INSURANCE INSURANCE COVERAGE INSURANCE RATES INTEREST PAYMENTS INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATES LIVING STANDARDS LOAN LOW INCOME LOW-INCOME MEDICAL BILL MEDICAL BILLS MEDICAL CARE MEDICAL CARE COSTS MEDICAL CONSUMPTION MEDICAL COSTS MEDICAL EXPENDITURE MEDICAL EXPENDITURES MEDICAL EXPENSES MEDICINES PATIENTS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT POCKET PAYMENTS POCKET PAYMENTS FOR HEALTH CARE POLICY RESEARCH POOR POOR FAMILIES POOR HEALTH POVERTY ESTIMATES POVERTY GAP POVERTY LINE POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES PREPAYMENT SYSTEMS PRIVATE PHARMACIES PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR RATE OF RETURN REPAYMENTS RESEARCH PROGRAM RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POPULATION SALES SAVINGS SHARE OF HEALTH SPENDING SOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM SOCIAL PROTECTION TOTAL COST WORKERS WORTH Health systems are not just about improving health: good ones also ensure that people are protected from the financial consequences of receiving medical care. Anecdotal evidence suggests health systems often perform badly in this respect, apparently with devastating consequences for households, especially poor ones and near-poor ones. Two principal methods have been used to measure financial protection in health. Both relate a household's out-of-pocket spending to a threshold defined in terms of living standards in the absence of the spending: the first defines spending as catastrophic if it exceeds a certain percentage of the living standards measure; the second defines spending as impoverishing if it makes the difference between a household being above and below the poverty line. The paper provides an overview of the methods and issues arising in each case, and presents empirical work in the area of financial protection in health, including the impacts of government policy. The paper also reviews a recent critique of the methods used to measure financial protection. 2012-05-29T17:49:36Z 2012-05-29T17:49:36Z 2008-03 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/03/9073635/measuring-financial-protection-health http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6570 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4554 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English
topic	ABILITY TO PAY AMOUNT OF MONEY ANNUAL RETURNS BORROWING CALCULATION CALCULATIONS CATASTROPHIC EXPENDITURES CATASTROPHIC HEALTH EXPENDITURE CATASTROPHIC HEALTH SPENDING CHEMOTHERAPY COMMUNITY HEALTH CONTRIBUTION COST OF HEALTH CARE COST OF MEDICAL CARE COSTS OF HEALTH CARE COUNTERFACTUAL CURRENT INCOME DISPOSABLE INCOME ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES ECONOMIC REVIEW EXPENDITURES EXPENSE RATIO FAMILIES FEE SCHEDULE FEE-FOR-SERVICE FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES FINANCIAL PROTECTION FINANCIAL RISK FINANCING HEALTH CARE FOOD EXPENDITURE FOOD EXPENDITURES HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE COSTS HEALTH CARE SPENDING HEALTH ECONOMICS HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH FINANCING HEALTH FINANCING REFORM HEALTH FINANCING SYSTEM HEALTH INEQUALITIES HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEMES HEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEM HEALTH ORGANIZATION HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH POLICY HEALTH REFORM HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH HEALTH SPENDING HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH SYSTEM REFORM HEALTH SYSTEMS HEALTH WORKERS HEALTH-CARE HEALTH-CARE COSTS HOSPITAL COSTS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LIVING STANDARDS HOUSEHOLD SPENDING HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLNESS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GROUPS INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME QUINTILE INCOME RISK INCOME SOURCE INFORMAL PAYMENTS INPATIENT CARE INSURANCE INSURANCE COVERAGE INSURANCE RATES INTEREST PAYMENTS INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATES LIVING STANDARDS LOAN LOW INCOME LOW-INCOME MEDICAL BILL MEDICAL BILLS MEDICAL CARE MEDICAL CARE COSTS MEDICAL CONSUMPTION MEDICAL COSTS MEDICAL EXPENDITURE MEDICAL EXPENDITURES MEDICAL EXPENSES MEDICINES PATIENTS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT POCKET PAYMENTS POCKET PAYMENTS FOR HEALTH CARE POLICY RESEARCH POOR POOR FAMILIES POOR HEALTH POVERTY ESTIMATES POVERTY GAP POVERTY LINE POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES PREPAYMENT SYSTEMS PRIVATE PHARMACIES PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR RATE OF RETURN REPAYMENTS RESEARCH PROGRAM RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POPULATION SALES SAVINGS SHARE OF HEALTH SPENDING SOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM SOCIAL PROTECTION TOTAL COST WORKERS WORTH
spellingShingle	ABILITY TO PAY AMOUNT OF MONEY ANNUAL RETURNS BORROWING CALCULATION CALCULATIONS CATASTROPHIC EXPENDITURES CATASTROPHIC HEALTH EXPENDITURE CATASTROPHIC HEALTH SPENDING CHEMOTHERAPY COMMUNITY HEALTH CONTRIBUTION COST OF HEALTH CARE COST OF MEDICAL CARE COSTS OF HEALTH CARE COUNTERFACTUAL CURRENT INCOME DISPOSABLE INCOME ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES ECONOMIC REVIEW EXPENDITURES EXPENSE RATIO FAMILIES FEE SCHEDULE FEE-FOR-SERVICE FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES FINANCIAL PROTECTION FINANCIAL RISK FINANCING HEALTH CARE FOOD EXPENDITURE FOOD EXPENDITURES HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE COSTS HEALTH CARE SPENDING HEALTH ECONOMICS HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH FINANCING HEALTH FINANCING REFORM HEALTH FINANCING SYSTEM HEALTH INEQUALITIES HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEMES HEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEM HEALTH ORGANIZATION HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH POLICY HEALTH REFORM HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH HEALTH SPENDING HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH SYSTEM REFORM HEALTH SYSTEMS HEALTH WORKERS HEALTH-CARE HEALTH-CARE COSTS HOSPITAL COSTS HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LIVING STANDARDS HOUSEHOLD SPENDING HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLNESS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GROUPS INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME QUINTILE INCOME RISK INCOME SOURCE INFORMAL PAYMENTS INPATIENT CARE INSURANCE INSURANCE COVERAGE INSURANCE RATES INTEREST PAYMENTS INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATES LIVING STANDARDS LOAN LOW INCOME LOW-INCOME MEDICAL BILL MEDICAL BILLS MEDICAL CARE MEDICAL CARE COSTS MEDICAL CONSUMPTION MEDICAL COSTS MEDICAL EXPENDITURE MEDICAL EXPENDITURES MEDICAL EXPENSES MEDICINES PATIENTS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT POCKET PAYMENTS POCKET PAYMENTS FOR HEALTH CARE POLICY RESEARCH POOR POOR FAMILIES POOR HEALTH POVERTY ESTIMATES POVERTY GAP POVERTY LINE POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES PREPAYMENT SYSTEMS PRIVATE PHARMACIES PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR RATE OF RETURN REPAYMENTS RESEARCH PROGRAM RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POPULATION SALES SAVINGS SHARE OF HEALTH SPENDING SOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM SOCIAL PROTECTION TOTAL COST WORKERS WORTH Wagstaff, Adam Measuring Financial Protection in Health
relation	Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4554
description	Health systems are not just about improving health: good ones also ensure that people are protected from the financial consequences of receiving medical care. Anecdotal evidence suggests health systems often perform badly in this respect, apparently with devastating consequences for households, especially poor ones and near-poor ones. Two principal methods have been used to measure financial protection in health. Both relate a household's out-of-pocket spending to a threshold defined in terms of living standards in the absence of the spending: the first defines spending as catastrophic if it exceeds a certain percentage of the living standards measure; the second defines spending as impoverishing if it makes the difference between a household being above and below the poverty line. The paper provides an overview of the methods and issues arising in each case, and presents empirical work in the area of financial protection in health, including the impacts of government policy. The paper also reviews a recent critique of the methods used to measure financial protection.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Wagstaff, Adam
author_facet	Wagstaff, Adam
author_sort	Wagstaff, Adam
title	Measuring Financial Protection in Health
title_short	Measuring Financial Protection in Health
title_full	Measuring Financial Protection in Health
title_fullStr	Measuring Financial Protection in Health
title_full_unstemmed	Measuring Financial Protection in Health
title_sort	measuring financial protection in health
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2012
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/03/9073635/measuring-financial-protection-health http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6570
_version_	1764400529215062016

Measuring Financial Protection in Health

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