Improving Logistics Costs for Transportation and Trade Facilitation

Access to basic infrastructure services - roads, electricity, water, sanitation - and the efficient provision of the services, is a key challenge in the fight against poverty. Many of the poor (and particularly the extreme poor) in rural communitie...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Gonzalez, Julio A., Guasch, Jose Luis, Serebrisky, Tomas
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:	ACCESS TO SERVICES ACCOUNTING ACTUAL COSTS AD VALOREM ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS AGGREGATE DEMAND AGGREGATE INVENTORY AGRICULTURE AIM AIR AIR TRANSPORT AIRPORTS BENCHMARKS BEST PRACTICE BILATERAL TRADE BORDER CROSSING BORDER CROSSINGS BOTTLENECKS BRIDGE BUSINESS INDICATORS BUSINESS LOGISTICS BUSINESSES CAPACITY BUILDING CARGO CELLULAR PHONES CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE COMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURE COMPETITIVENESS CONGESTION CONNECTIVITY CONSUMERS COST -BENEFIT ANALYSIS COST OF CAPITAL COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS CUSTOM CUSTOMS DAYS OF INVENTORY DEREGULATION DEVALUATION DISCOUNT RATE DISTRIBUTION CENTERS E-BUSINESS E-MAIL ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ELASTICITY ELECTRICITY EMPLOYMENT ENDOGENOUS VARIABLES EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXPORT DEVELOPMENT EXPORT GROWTH EXPORTS FINANCIAL BENEFITS FINANCING OF INFRASTRUCTURE FLOW OF GOODS FLOW OF INFORMATION FOREIGN TRADE FREE TRADE FREIGHT FREIGHT FORWARDERS GDP GDP PER CAPITA GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS GLOBAL ECONOMY GNP GOVERNMENT POLICY GOVERNMENT SERVICES GROWTH RATE HARMONIZATION HIGHWAY HIGHWAY DESIGN HIGHWAY MAINTENANCE HIGHWAYS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RESOURCE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IMPORT BARRIERS IMPROVEMENTS IN ACCESS INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCREMENTAL BENEFITS INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION INFLATION INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE ACCESS INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INLAND WATERWAYS INSPECTIONS INSURANCE INTEREST RATE INTERFACES INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERNATIONALIZATION INVENTORIES INVENTORY INVENTORY HOLDING COSTS INVENTORY LEVEL INVENTORY LEVELS INVENTORY MANAGEMENT LATIN AMERICAN LAWS LEVELS OF INVENTORIES LIMITED ACCESS LOGISTICS COSTS LOGISTICS PROVIDERS LOGISTICS SERVICE PROVIDERS LOGISTICS SYSTEM LOGISTICS SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE COSTS MANUFACTURING MARKET ACCESS MATERIAL MENU MIDDLE EAST MIGRATION MOVEMENT OF GOODS NAVIGATION NEW MARKETS NORTH AFRICA OUTPUT PER CAPITA OVERVALUATION PACKAGING PER CAPITA INCOME PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POPULATION DENSITY PORT FACILITIES PRESENT VALUE PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT PRIVATE SECTORS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC ENTERPRISES PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC WORKS QUALITY OF SERVICE QUALITY OF TRANSPORT RAILROADS RAILWAYS REGRESSION ANALYSIS REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT REGULATORY ENVIRONMENTS RELIABILITY RESULT RESULTS ROAD ROAD CONDITIONS ROAD NETWORK ROAD SERVICES ROAD TRANSPORT ROAD USER ROAD USERS ROADS RURAL ROADS SAFETY SAFETY NETS SAHARA SANITATION SAVINGS SEARCH SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS SERVICES INFRASTRUCTURE SET OF STANDARD SHIPPERS STOCKS STREETS SUPPLY CHAIN TARIFF BARRIERS TAXATION TECHNICAL SKILLS TELECOM TELECOMMUNICATION TELECOMMUNICATIONS TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE TELEPHONE TELEPHONE LINES TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TOTAL OUTPUT TRADE FACILITATION TRADE FACILITATION PROCEDURES TRADE FLOWS TRAFFIC TRAFFIC GROWTH TRAFFIC LEVELS TRANSACTION TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSPARENCY TRANSPORT TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT MODES TRANSPORT OF GOODS TRANSPORT SERVICES TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION NETWORK TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM TRAVEL TIME TRUE USES VEHICLE VEHICLE CLASSES VEHICLE FLEET VEHICLE OPERATING VEHICLE OPERATION WEB
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/03/9077219/improving-logistics-costs-transportation-trade-facilitation http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6566

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Summary:	Access to basic infrastructure services - roads, electricity, water, sanitation - and the efficient provision of the services, is a key challenge in the fight against poverty. Many of the poor (and particularly the extreme poor) in rural communities in Latin America live on average 5 kilometers or more from the nearest paved road, which is almost twice as far as non-poor rural households. There have been major improvements in access to water, sanitation, electricity, telecommunications, ports, and airports, but road coverage has not changed much, although some effort and resources have been invested to improve the quality of road networks. This paper focuses on the main determinants of logistics costs and physical access to services and, whenever possible, provides evidence of the effects of these determinants on competitiveness, growth, and poverty in Latin American economies. The analysis shows the impact of improving infrastructure and logistics costs on three fronts - macro (growth), micro (productivity at the firm level), and poverty (the earnings of poor/rural people). In addition, the paper provides recommendations and solutions that encompass a series of policies to reduce the prevalent high logistics costs and limited access to services in Latin America. The recommendations rely on applied economic analysis on logistics and trade facilitation.

Improving Logistics Costs for Transportation and Trade Facilitation

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