Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China
This paper investigates how reductions of barriers to migration affect the decision of middle school graduates to attend high school in rural China. Change in the cost of migration is identified using exogenous variation across counties in the timi...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2012
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/02/9025120/migrant-opportunity-educational-attainment-youth-rural-china http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6415 |
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okr-10986-6415 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL SECTORS AGRICULTURAL SELF-EMPLOYMENT AVERAGE EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AVERAGE ENROLLMENT BASIC EDUCATION BORROWING BULLETIN CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CAPITAL INVESTMENT CAPITAL RETURNS CAPITAL STOCKS CHILD LABOR CITIZENSHIP COLLEGE EDUCATION COLLEGES COMPULSORY EDUCATION CONSTRAINTS ON ACCESS COST OF EDUCATION CREDIT CONSTRAINT CREDIT CONSTRAINTS CREDIT MARKET CULTURAL CHANGE DEMAND FOR EDUCATION EARLY EDUCATION EARNINGS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC REFORM ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC TRANSITION ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION EDUCATED CHILDREN EDUCATION ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND EDUCATIONAL DISPARITIES EDUCATIONAL INVESTMENTS EDUCATIONAL SUBSIDIES EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM ELEMENTARY SCHOOL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENDOWMENTS ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT GROWTH ENROLLMENT OF CHILDREN ENROLLMENT RATES EXPENDITURES EXTENDED FAMILY FAMILIES FAMILY BUSINESSES FAMILY INCOME FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILY PREFERENCES FARMERS FEMALE MIGRANTS FERTILITY FINANCIAL REFORM FINANCIAL SUPPORT FORMAL SCHOOLING GENDER GENDER GAPS GENDER STRATIFICATION GREEN REVOLUTION HEALTH CARE HEALTH INSURANCE HIGH SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION HIGH SCHOOLS HIGHER ENROLLMENT HIGHER ENROLLMENT RATES HIGHER INCOMES HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOMES HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL ACCUMULATION HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES IMPACT OF MIGRATION INCOME INEQUALITY INEQUALITY INFORMAL CREDIT INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INVESTMENT DECISION INVESTMENT DECISIONS INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCES LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOUR MARKET LABOUR MARKETS LAND TENURE LEARNING LEVELS OF EDUCATION LITERATURE LIVING STANDARDS LOAN PROGRAM LOAN PROGRAMS LOCAL ECONOMY LOCAL LABOR MARKET LONG-TERM MIGRANT MAJORITY OF CHILDREN MARKET DEVELOPMENT MIDDLE SCHOOL MIDDLE SCHOOL EDUCATION MIGRANT MIGRANT POPULATION MIGRANT REMITTANCES MIGRANTS MIGRATION MOTHER NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUMBER OF MIGRANTS OLDER CHILDREN PACIFIC REGION PAPERS PHYSICAL ASSETS PHYSICAL CAPITAL POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POOR HOUSEHOLDS POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT POPULATION CENSUS POPULATION DECLINES POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION POTENTIAL MIGRANTS POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLS PROFITABILITY PROGRESS PROPERTY RIGHT PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PUSH FACTOR RECEIPT REGISTRATION SYSTEM RESEARCH GRANTS RESEARCHERS RESIDENCE STATUS RESPECT RETURNS TO EDUCATION RURAL AREAS RURAL COUNTIES RURAL RESIDENTS RURAL STUDENTS SAVINGS SCHOLARS SCHOOL AGE SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN SCHOOL COMPLETION SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL GRADUATE SCHOOL GRADUATES SCHOOL QUALITY SCHOOL TUITION SCHOOLING SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY ENROLLMENT SHORT-TERM MIGRANTS SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL NETWORK SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL SCIENCES SOURCE OF INFORMATION SPOUSE STATE UNIVERSITY STUDENT LOAN STUDENT LOAN PROGRAM STUDENT LOAN PROGRAMS TECHNICAL TRAINING TEEN TEENAGERS TERTIARY EDUCATION TEST SCORES TRAINING PROGRAMS TUITION TUITION COSTS TUITIONS UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY EDUCATION URBAN AREA URBAN AREAS URBAN MIGRATION VILLAGE VILLAGE LEADERS VILLAGE LEVEL VILLAGES WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WORK EXPERIENCE WORKERS WORKFORCE YOUNG ADULTS YOUTH |
| spellingShingle |
ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL SECTORS AGRICULTURAL SELF-EMPLOYMENT AVERAGE EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AVERAGE ENROLLMENT BASIC EDUCATION BORROWING BULLETIN CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CAPITAL INVESTMENT CAPITAL RETURNS CAPITAL STOCKS CHILD LABOR CITIZENSHIP COLLEGE EDUCATION COLLEGES COMPULSORY EDUCATION CONSTRAINTS ON ACCESS COST OF EDUCATION CREDIT CONSTRAINT CREDIT CONSTRAINTS CREDIT MARKET CULTURAL CHANGE DEMAND FOR EDUCATION EARLY EDUCATION EARNINGS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC REFORM ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC TRANSITION ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION EDUCATED CHILDREN EDUCATION ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND EDUCATIONAL DISPARITIES EDUCATIONAL INVESTMENTS EDUCATIONAL SUBSIDIES EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM ELEMENTARY SCHOOL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENDOWMENTS ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT GROWTH ENROLLMENT OF CHILDREN ENROLLMENT RATES EXPENDITURES EXTENDED FAMILY FAMILIES FAMILY BUSINESSES FAMILY INCOME FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILY PREFERENCES FARMERS FEMALE MIGRANTS FERTILITY FINANCIAL REFORM FINANCIAL SUPPORT FORMAL SCHOOLING GENDER GENDER GAPS GENDER STRATIFICATION GREEN REVOLUTION HEALTH CARE HEALTH INSURANCE HIGH SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION HIGH SCHOOLS HIGHER ENROLLMENT HIGHER ENROLLMENT RATES HIGHER INCOMES HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOMES HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL ACCUMULATION HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES IMPACT OF MIGRATION INCOME INEQUALITY INEQUALITY INFORMAL CREDIT INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INVESTMENT DECISION INVESTMENT DECISIONS INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCES LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOUR MARKET LABOUR MARKETS LAND TENURE LEARNING LEVELS OF EDUCATION LITERATURE LIVING STANDARDS LOAN PROGRAM LOAN PROGRAMS LOCAL ECONOMY LOCAL LABOR MARKET LONG-TERM MIGRANT MAJORITY OF CHILDREN MARKET DEVELOPMENT MIDDLE SCHOOL MIDDLE SCHOOL EDUCATION MIGRANT MIGRANT POPULATION MIGRANT REMITTANCES MIGRANTS MIGRATION MOTHER NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUMBER OF MIGRANTS OLDER CHILDREN PACIFIC REGION PAPERS PHYSICAL ASSETS PHYSICAL CAPITAL POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POOR HOUSEHOLDS POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT POPULATION CENSUS POPULATION DECLINES POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION POTENTIAL MIGRANTS POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLS PROFITABILITY PROGRESS PROPERTY RIGHT PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PUSH FACTOR RECEIPT REGISTRATION SYSTEM RESEARCH GRANTS RESEARCHERS RESIDENCE STATUS RESPECT RETURNS TO EDUCATION RURAL AREAS RURAL COUNTIES RURAL RESIDENTS RURAL STUDENTS SAVINGS SCHOLARS SCHOOL AGE SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN SCHOOL COMPLETION SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL GRADUATE SCHOOL GRADUATES SCHOOL QUALITY SCHOOL TUITION SCHOOLING SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY ENROLLMENT SHORT-TERM MIGRANTS SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL NETWORK SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL SCIENCES SOURCE OF INFORMATION SPOUSE STATE UNIVERSITY STUDENT LOAN STUDENT LOAN PROGRAM STUDENT LOAN PROGRAMS TECHNICAL TRAINING TEEN TEENAGERS TERTIARY EDUCATION TEST SCORES TRAINING PROGRAMS TUITION TUITION COSTS TUITIONS UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY EDUCATION URBAN AREA URBAN AREAS URBAN MIGRATION VILLAGE VILLAGE LEADERS VILLAGE LEVEL VILLAGES WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WORK EXPERIENCE WORKERS WORKFORCE YOUNG ADULTS YOUTH de Brauw, Alan Giles, John Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China |
| geographic_facet |
East Asia and Pacific China |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4526 |
| description |
This paper investigates how reductions
of barriers to migration affect the decision of middle
school graduates to attend high school in rural China.
Change in the cost of migration is identified using
exogenous variation across counties in the timing of
national identity card distribution, which made it easier
for rural migrants to register as temporary residents in
urban destinations. The analysis first shows that timing of
identification card distribution is unrelated to local
rainfall shocks affecting migration decisions, and that
timing is not related to proxies reflecting time-varying
changes in village policy or administrative capacity. The
findings show a robust negative relationship between migrant
opportunity and high school enrollment. The mechanisms
behind the negative relationship are suggested by observed
increases in subsequent local and migrant non-agricultural
employment of high school age young adults as the size of
the current village migrant network increases. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
de Brauw, Alan Giles, John |
| author_facet |
de Brauw, Alan Giles, John |
| author_sort |
de Brauw, Alan |
| title |
Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China |
| title_short |
Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China |
| title_full |
Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China |
| title_fullStr |
Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China |
| title_sort |
migrant opportunity and the educational attainment of youth in rural china |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/02/9025120/migrant-opportunity-educational-attainment-youth-rural-china http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6415 |
| _version_ |
1764400336913563648 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-64152021-06-14T10:49:03Z Migrant Opportunity and the Educational Attainment of Youth in Rural China de Brauw, Alan Giles, John ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL SECTORS AGRICULTURAL SELF-EMPLOYMENT AVERAGE EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AVERAGE ENROLLMENT BASIC EDUCATION BORROWING BULLETIN CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CAPITAL INVESTMENT CAPITAL RETURNS CAPITAL STOCKS CHILD LABOR CITIZENSHIP COLLEGE EDUCATION COLLEGES COMPULSORY EDUCATION CONSTRAINTS ON ACCESS COST OF EDUCATION CREDIT CONSTRAINT CREDIT CONSTRAINTS CREDIT MARKET CULTURAL CHANGE DEMAND FOR EDUCATION EARLY EDUCATION EARNINGS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC REFORM ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC TRANSITION ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION EDUCATED CHILDREN EDUCATION ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND EDUCATIONAL DISPARITIES EDUCATIONAL INVESTMENTS EDUCATIONAL SUBSIDIES EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM ELEMENTARY SCHOOL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENDOWMENTS ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT GROWTH ENROLLMENT OF CHILDREN ENROLLMENT RATES EXPENDITURES EXTENDED FAMILY FAMILIES FAMILY BUSINESSES FAMILY INCOME FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILY PREFERENCES FARMERS FEMALE MIGRANTS FERTILITY FINANCIAL REFORM FINANCIAL SUPPORT FORMAL SCHOOLING GENDER GENDER GAPS GENDER STRATIFICATION GREEN REVOLUTION HEALTH CARE HEALTH INSURANCE HIGH SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION HIGH SCHOOLS HIGHER ENROLLMENT HIGHER ENROLLMENT RATES HIGHER INCOMES HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOMES HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL ACCUMULATION HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES IMPACT OF MIGRATION INCOME INEQUALITY INEQUALITY INFORMAL CREDIT INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INVESTMENT DECISION INVESTMENT DECISIONS INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCES LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOUR MARKET LABOUR MARKETS LAND TENURE LEARNING LEVELS OF EDUCATION LITERATURE LIVING STANDARDS LOAN PROGRAM LOAN PROGRAMS LOCAL ECONOMY LOCAL LABOR MARKET LONG-TERM MIGRANT MAJORITY OF CHILDREN MARKET DEVELOPMENT MIDDLE SCHOOL MIDDLE SCHOOL EDUCATION MIGRANT MIGRANT POPULATION MIGRANT REMITTANCES MIGRANTS MIGRATION MOTHER NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUMBER OF MIGRANTS OLDER CHILDREN PACIFIC REGION PAPERS PHYSICAL ASSETS PHYSICAL CAPITAL POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POOR HOUSEHOLDS POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT POPULATION CENSUS POPULATION DECLINES POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION POTENTIAL MIGRANTS POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLS PROFITABILITY PROGRESS PROPERTY RIGHT PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PUSH FACTOR RECEIPT REGISTRATION SYSTEM RESEARCH GRANTS RESEARCHERS RESIDENCE STATUS RESPECT RETURNS TO EDUCATION RURAL AREAS RURAL COUNTIES RURAL RESIDENTS RURAL STUDENTS SAVINGS SCHOLARS SCHOOL AGE SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN SCHOOL COMPLETION SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL GRADUATE SCHOOL GRADUATES SCHOOL QUALITY SCHOOL TUITION SCHOOLING SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY ENROLLMENT SHORT-TERM MIGRANTS SOCIAL BENEFITS SOCIAL NETWORK SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL SCIENCES SOURCE OF INFORMATION SPOUSE STATE UNIVERSITY STUDENT LOAN STUDENT LOAN PROGRAM STUDENT LOAN PROGRAMS TECHNICAL TRAINING TEEN TEENAGERS TERTIARY EDUCATION TEST SCORES TRAINING PROGRAMS TUITION TUITION COSTS TUITIONS UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY EDUCATION URBAN AREA URBAN AREAS URBAN MIGRATION VILLAGE VILLAGE LEADERS VILLAGE LEVEL VILLAGES WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WORK EXPERIENCE WORKERS WORKFORCE YOUNG ADULTS YOUTH This paper investigates how reductions of barriers to migration affect the decision of middle school graduates to attend high school in rural China. Change in the cost of migration is identified using exogenous variation across counties in the timing of national identity card distribution, which made it easier for rural migrants to register as temporary residents in urban destinations. The analysis first shows that timing of identification card distribution is unrelated to local rainfall shocks affecting migration decisions, and that timing is not related to proxies reflecting time-varying changes in village policy or administrative capacity. The findings show a robust negative relationship between migrant opportunity and high school enrollment. The mechanisms behind the negative relationship are suggested by observed increases in subsequent local and migrant non-agricultural employment of high school age young adults as the size of the current village migrant network increases. 2012-05-25T14:43:02Z 2012-05-25T14:43:02Z 2008-02 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/02/9025120/migrant-opportunity-educational-attainment-youth-rural-china http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6415 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4526 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research East Asia and Pacific China |