Afghanistan : Economic Incentives and Development Initiatives to Reduce Opium Production

Afghanistan : Economic Incentives and Development Initiatives to Reduce Opium Production

This report is about how to progressively reduce over time Afghanistan's dependence on opium - currently the country's leading economic activity - by development initiatives and shifting economic incentives toward sustainable legal liveli...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Ward, Christopher, Mansfield, David, Oldham, Peter, Byrd, William
Format:	Other Public Sector Study
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	ACCESS TO CREDIT ACCESS TO FINANCE ACCESS TO MARKETS AGRICULTURAL LAND AGRICULTURAL MARKETING AGRICULTURAL POLICY AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AGRICULTURAL SUPPORT AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AID EFFECTIVENESS ALTERNATIVE LIVELIHOODS ANIMAL HEALTH BLOCK GRANTS BRIBES BUSINESS ACTIVITIES BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES BUSINESS RISK BUSINESS SUPPORT CAPACITY BUILDING CAPACITY BUILDING EFFORTS CAPITAL COSTS CASH CROPS CEREALS CHAMBER OF COMMERCE COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE COMMODITY COMMUNITY DEMAND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITIVENESS CONFLICT CORRUPTION COTTON COTTON PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES DEVELOPMENT AGENCY DEVELOPMENT BANK DEVELOPMENT POLICIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DRINKING WATER DROUGHT ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC RATE OF RETURN ECONOMIC REFORM EMERGENCY EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENDOWMENTS ENTERPRISE PROMOTION EXPENDITURES EXPORT CROPS EXPORT MARKETS EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES FAMILY MEMBERS FAO FARM FARM EMPLOYMENT FARM INCOME FARM PRODUCTION FARMER FARMER GROUPS FARMER ORGANIZATIONS FARMERS FARMING FEASIBILITY STUDIES FINANCIAL RESOURCES FINANCIAL SUPPORT FIXED ASSET FOOD SAFETY FOOD SECURITY FOOD SELF-SUFFICIENCY FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FRUITS FUR GDP GOVERNMENT POLICY GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH POTENTIAL GROWTH RATE HERBS HORTICULTURAL CROPS HORTICULTURE HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY HUMAN CAPITAL IDS INCOME EARNING POTENTIAL INDUSTRIAL CROPS INNOVATION INTERNATIONAL FINANCE INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES INVESTMENT PLANS IRRIGATION LABOUR FORCE LABOUR MARKET LABOUR MARKETS LANDLESS HOUSEHOLDS LANDOWNER LEATHER LIVELIHOOD CHOICES LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES LIVESTOCK ECONOMY LIVING STANDARDS MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET ECONOMY MFIs MICRO ENTERPRISES MICRO FINANCE MICRO-CREDIT MICRO-ENTERPRISE MICRO-ENTERPRISES MICRO-FINANCE MICRO-FINANCE INSTITUTIONS MICRO-PROJECTS MIGRANT LABOUR MULTIPLIER EFFECT MULTIPLIER EFFECTS OILSEEDS OPIUM OPIUM ECONOMY OPIUM POPPY OPIUM PRODUCTION OPPORTUNITY COST OUTREACH POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLITICAL ECONOMY POOR AREAS POOR COMMUNITIES POOR FARMERS POOR INFRASTRUCTURE POOR PEOPLE POPPY POPPY CULTIVATION POPPY ECONOMY POPPY PRODUCTION POULTRY POVERTY REDUCTION PRIVATE ENTERPRISE PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRODUCTION SUPPORT PRODUCTION SYSTEMS PRODUCTIVE ASSETS PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY OF WATER PUBLIC WORKS PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP REFUGEES REMITTANCES REMOTE AREAS RURAL RURAL ACCESS RURAL AREAS RURAL BUSINESS RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL DRINKING WATER RURAL ECONOMIC GROWTH RURAL ECONOMY RURAL ELECTRIFICATION RURAL EMPLOYMENT RURAL ENERGY RURAL ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT RURAL ENTERPRISES RURAL FINANCE RURAL FINANCIAL SERVICES RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INCOMES RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE RURAL INVESTMENT RURAL LIVELIHOODS RURAL PEOPLE RURAL POOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL REHABILITATION RURAL ROAD RURAL ROAD CONSTRUCTION RURAL ROADS RURAL VULNERABILITY RURAL WATER RURAL WATER SUPPLY SANITATION SEED DEVELOPMENT SHARECROPPERS SHARECROPPING SHEEP SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION SOCIAL CAPITAL SOURCES OF INCOME SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TARGETING TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL SUPPORT TOTAL COSTS TRADE POLICY TRANSACTION COSTS UNION VALUE ADDED VEGETABLES VETERINARY SERVICES VILLAGE VILLAGE LEVEL VILLAGES VULNERABLE AREAS WAGE RATES WAGES WAR WATER USE WEALTH WEALTH CREATION WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/02/8989675/afghanistan-economic-incentives-development-initiatives-reduce-opium-production http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6272

Description
Summary:	This report is about how to progressively reduce over time Afghanistan's dependence on opium - currently the country's leading economic activity - by development initiatives and shifting economic incentives toward sustainable legal livelihoods. Specifically, the report identifies additional investments and policy and institutional measures to support development responses that can counterbalance the economic advantages of opium. It analyzes ways to change the relative incentives between licit and illicit cropping and to help enhance rural livelihoods for the poor, under better governance and security conditions. The report puts forward concrete recommendations and the expected impacts on growth, poverty reduction and the opium economy are assessed. The report first briefly discusses the policy context (Chapter 1) and provides an overview of the opium economy (Chapter 2), focusing on how different segments of the rural population interact with it. The report then analyzes the scope for increasing value added, competitiveness and productivity in agriculture (Chapter 3) and for promoting enterprise development and off-farm employment (Chapter 4). The complementary role of further investments in rural infrastructure is examined in Chapter 5, and measures for strengthening governance are analyzed in Chapter 6. In Chapter 7 issues that cut across all counter narcotics efforts are examined. A final chapter looks at implementation, and at issues of prioritization, synergies and phasing (Chapter 8). The recommendations of the report are encapsulated in a matrix at the end of the Executive Summary.

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