What Did You Do All Day? Maternal Education and Child Outcomes
Female education levels are very low in many developing countries. Does maternal education have a causal impact on children's educational outcomes even at these very low levels of education? By combining a nationwide census of schools in Pakis...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2012
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20091130161421 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4336 |
| id |
okr-10986-4336 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ABSENTEEISM ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO SCHOOLING ADOLESCENTS AVAILABILITY OF SCHOOLS BENEFITS OF EDUCATION BOYS SCHOOLS CHILD CARE CHILD HEALTH CHILD LABOR CHILD LABOUR CHILD SURVIVAL CHILDCARE COGNITIVE ACHIEVEMENT COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT COGNITIVE OUTCOMES COMPARATIVE EDUCATION DECISION MAKING EDUCATED MOTHERS EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATION EXPENDITURE EDUCATION FOR WOMEN EDUCATION STATISTICS EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT EDUCATIONAL EXPENDITURES EDUCATIONAL LEVELS EDUCATIONAL NEEDS EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES EFFECTS OF EDUCATION FEMALE EDUCATION FEMALE EMPOWERMENT GENDER GIRLS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS LEARNING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT LEARNING ENVIRONMENT LEARNING OUTCOMES LEVEL OF EDUCATION LOW LEVELS OF EDUCATION MATERNAL EDUCATION MATHEMATICS NATIONAL EDUCATION OLDER CHILDREN OUT-OF-SCHOOL CHILDREN PARENTAL EDUCATION PRIMARY DATA PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY GRADE PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL-GOING AGE PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY-SCHOOL PRIVATE SCHOOL PRIVATE SCHOOLING PRIVATE SCHOOLS PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOLING PUBLIC SCHOOLS READING RESOURCE CENTER RETURN TO EDUCATION RURAL AREAS SCHOOL AGE SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION SCHOOL COVERAGE SCHOOL DAY SCHOOL DROPOUTS SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL FEES SCHOOL GOING SCHOOL HOURS SCHOOL PERFORMANCE SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SCHOOLS FOR GIRLS TEACHER TEACHERS TEACHING TUITION VILLAGE LEVEL |
| spellingShingle |
ABSENTEEISM ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO SCHOOLING ADOLESCENTS AVAILABILITY OF SCHOOLS BENEFITS OF EDUCATION BOYS SCHOOLS CHILD CARE CHILD HEALTH CHILD LABOR CHILD LABOUR CHILD SURVIVAL CHILDCARE COGNITIVE ACHIEVEMENT COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT COGNITIVE OUTCOMES COMPARATIVE EDUCATION DECISION MAKING EDUCATED MOTHERS EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATION EXPENDITURE EDUCATION FOR WOMEN EDUCATION STATISTICS EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT EDUCATIONAL EXPENDITURES EDUCATIONAL LEVELS EDUCATIONAL NEEDS EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES EFFECTS OF EDUCATION FEMALE EDUCATION FEMALE EMPOWERMENT GENDER GIRLS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS LEARNING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT LEARNING ENVIRONMENT LEARNING OUTCOMES LEVEL OF EDUCATION LOW LEVELS OF EDUCATION MATERNAL EDUCATION MATHEMATICS NATIONAL EDUCATION OLDER CHILDREN OUT-OF-SCHOOL CHILDREN PARENTAL EDUCATION PRIMARY DATA PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY GRADE PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL-GOING AGE PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY-SCHOOL PRIVATE SCHOOL PRIVATE SCHOOLING PRIVATE SCHOOLS PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOLING PUBLIC SCHOOLS READING RESOURCE CENTER RETURN TO EDUCATION RURAL AREAS SCHOOL AGE SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION SCHOOL COVERAGE SCHOOL DAY SCHOOL DROPOUTS SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL FEES SCHOOL GOING SCHOOL HOURS SCHOOL PERFORMANCE SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SCHOOLS FOR GIRLS TEACHER TEACHERS TEACHING TUITION VILLAGE LEVEL Andrabi, Tahir Das, Jishnu Khwaja, Asim Ijaz What Did You Do All Day? Maternal Education and Child Outcomes |
| geographic_facet |
South Asia South Asia South Asia Asia Pakistan |
| relation |
Paper is funded by the Knowledge for Change
Program (KCP),Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5143 |
| description |
Female education levels are very low in
many developing countries. Does maternal education have a
causal impact on children's educational outcomes even
at these very low levels of education? By combining a
nationwide census of schools in Pakistan with household
data, the authors use the availability of girls'
schools in the mother's birth village as an instrument
for maternal schooling to address this issue. Since public
schools in Pakistan are segregated by gender, the instrument
affects only maternal education rather than the education
levels of both mothers and fathers. The analysis finds that
children of mothers with some education spend 75 minutes
more on educational activities at home compared with
children whose mothers report no education at all. Mothers
with some education also spend more time helping their
children with school work; the effect is stronger (an extra
40 minutes per day) in families where the mother is likely
the primary care-giver. Finally, test scores for children
whose mothers have some education are higher in English,
Urdu (the vernacular), and mathematics by 0.24-0.35 standard
deviations. There is no relationship between maternal
education and mother s time spent on paid work or housework
- a posited channel through which education affects
bargaining power within the household. And there is no
relationship between maternal education and the
mother's role in educational decisions or in the
provision of other child-specific goods, such as
expenditures on pocket money, uniforms, and tuition. The
data therefore suggest that at these very low levels of
education, maternal education does not substantially affect
a mother's bargaining power within the household.
Instead, maternal education could directly increase the
mother's productivity or affect her preferences toward
children s education in a context where her bargaining power
is low. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Andrabi, Tahir Das, Jishnu Khwaja, Asim Ijaz |
| author_facet |
Andrabi, Tahir Das, Jishnu Khwaja, Asim Ijaz |
| author_sort |
Andrabi, Tahir |
| title |
What Did You Do All Day? Maternal Education and Child Outcomes |
| title_short |
What Did You Do All Day? Maternal Education and Child Outcomes |
| title_full |
What Did You Do All Day? Maternal Education and Child Outcomes |
| title_fullStr |
What Did You Do All Day? Maternal Education and Child Outcomes |
| title_full_unstemmed |
What Did You Do All Day? Maternal Education and Child Outcomes |
| title_sort |
what did you do all day? maternal education and child outcomes |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20091130161421 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4336 |
| _version_ |
1764390981932679168 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-43362021-04-23T14:02:17Z What Did You Do All Day? Maternal Education and Child Outcomes Andrabi, Tahir Das, Jishnu Khwaja, Asim Ijaz ABSENTEEISM ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO SCHOOLING ADOLESCENTS AVAILABILITY OF SCHOOLS BENEFITS OF EDUCATION BOYS SCHOOLS CHILD CARE CHILD HEALTH CHILD LABOR CHILD LABOUR CHILD SURVIVAL CHILDCARE COGNITIVE ACHIEVEMENT COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT COGNITIVE OUTCOMES COMPARATIVE EDUCATION DECISION MAKING EDUCATED MOTHERS EDUCATED WOMEN EDUCATION EXPENDITURE EDUCATION FOR WOMEN EDUCATION STATISTICS EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT EDUCATIONAL EXPENDITURES EDUCATIONAL LEVELS EDUCATIONAL NEEDS EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES EFFECTS OF EDUCATION FEMALE EDUCATION FEMALE EMPOWERMENT GENDER GIRLS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS LEARNING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT LEARNING ENVIRONMENT LEARNING OUTCOMES LEVEL OF EDUCATION LOW LEVELS OF EDUCATION MATERNAL EDUCATION MATHEMATICS NATIONAL EDUCATION OLDER CHILDREN OUT-OF-SCHOOL CHILDREN PARENTAL EDUCATION PRIMARY DATA PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY GRADE PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL-GOING AGE PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY-SCHOOL PRIVATE SCHOOL PRIVATE SCHOOLING PRIVATE SCHOOLS PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOLING PUBLIC SCHOOLS READING RESOURCE CENTER RETURN TO EDUCATION RURAL AREAS SCHOOL AGE SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION SCHOOL COVERAGE SCHOOL DAY SCHOOL DROPOUTS SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL FEES SCHOOL GOING SCHOOL HOURS SCHOOL PERFORMANCE SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SCHOOLS FOR GIRLS TEACHER TEACHERS TEACHING TUITION VILLAGE LEVEL Female education levels are very low in many developing countries. Does maternal education have a causal impact on children's educational outcomes even at these very low levels of education? By combining a nationwide census of schools in Pakistan with household data, the authors use the availability of girls' schools in the mother's birth village as an instrument for maternal schooling to address this issue. Since public schools in Pakistan are segregated by gender, the instrument affects only maternal education rather than the education levels of both mothers and fathers. The analysis finds that children of mothers with some education spend 75 minutes more on educational activities at home compared with children whose mothers report no education at all. Mothers with some education also spend more time helping their children with school work; the effect is stronger (an extra 40 minutes per day) in families where the mother is likely the primary care-giver. Finally, test scores for children whose mothers have some education are higher in English, Urdu (the vernacular), and mathematics by 0.24-0.35 standard deviations. There is no relationship between maternal education and mother s time spent on paid work or housework - a posited channel through which education affects bargaining power within the household. And there is no relationship between maternal education and the mother's role in educational decisions or in the provision of other child-specific goods, such as expenditures on pocket money, uniforms, and tuition. The data therefore suggest that at these very low levels of education, maternal education does not substantially affect a mother's bargaining power within the household. Instead, maternal education could directly increase the mother's productivity or affect her preferences toward children s education in a context where her bargaining power is low. 2012-03-19T19:14:15Z 2012-03-19T19:14:15Z 2009-11-01 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20091130161421 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4336 English Paper is funded by the Knowledge for Change Program (KCP),Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5143 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper South Asia South Asia South Asia Asia Pakistan |