The Impact of EU Accession on Human Capital : Formation - Can Migration Fuel a Brain Gain?

Can a brain drain be good for development? Many studies have established the theoretical possibility of such a brain gain. Yet it is only recently that the relaxation of data constraints has allowed for sound empirical assessments. In utilizing the...

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Main Author:	Farchy, Emily
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ANALYTICAL METHODS BENCHMARK BRAIN DRAIN BUSINESS SCHOOL CAPITAL FLIGHT CAPITAL INVESTMENT CAPITAL STOCKS CITIZENS COMPETITIVE MARKETS CREDIT MARKET DEREGULATION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS EARNINGS ECONOMIC COSTS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMIC THEORY ECONOMIES OF SCALE EDUCATED ADULTS EDUCATED WORKFORCE EDUCATION LEVEL EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS EMIGRATION POLICIES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENROLLMENTS ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES EXPORTS EXTERNALITY FISCAL LOSS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN STUDENTS FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT FUTURE GENERATIONS GDP GDP PER CAPITA GRADUATE STUDENTS GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT HUMAN RESOURCES IMMIGRANTS IMMIGRATION IMPACT OF MIGRATION IMPERFECT INFORMATION INCOME INCREASING RETURNS INEQUALITIES INEQUALITY INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY INVESTMENT DECISION INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION JOB MARKET LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE SURVEY LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR MOBILITY LABOR RELATIONS LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF EDUCATION LITERATURE MARGINAL PRODUCTIVITY MARKET LIBERALIZATION MIGRANT MIGRATION MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOWS MOTIVATION MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA NATIONAL OUTPUT NETWORK EXTERNALITIES OPPORTUNITY COST PAPERS POLICY CHANGE POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL ECONOMY POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROGRESS RENTS RESPECT RETURN MIGRATION RISK AVERSION SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SKILL LEVEL SKILL LEVELS SKILLED LABOR SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL SECURITY TERTIARY EDUCATION TERTIARY ENROLLMENT TERTIARY LEVEL TRANSPORTATION TREATY UNEMPLOYMENT UNION UNSKILLED WORKERS UTILITY FUNCTION WAGES WEALTH WORKFORCE
Online Access:	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090224082617 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4039

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spelling	okr-10986-40392021-04-23T14:02:14Z The Impact of EU Accession on Human Capital : Formation - Can Migration Fuel a Brain Gain? Farchy, Emily AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ANALYTICAL METHODS BENCHMARK BRAIN DRAIN BUSINESS SCHOOL CAPITAL FLIGHT CAPITAL INVESTMENT CAPITAL STOCKS CITIZENS COMPETITIVE MARKETS CREDIT MARKET DEREGULATION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS EARNINGS ECONOMIC COSTS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMIC THEORY ECONOMIES OF SCALE EDUCATED ADULTS EDUCATED WORKFORCE EDUCATION LEVEL EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS EMIGRATION POLICIES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENROLLMENTS ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES EXPORTS EXTERNALITY FISCAL LOSS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN STUDENTS FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT FUTURE GENERATIONS GDP GDP PER CAPITA GRADUATE STUDENTS GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT HUMAN RESOURCES IMMIGRANTS IMMIGRATION IMPACT OF MIGRATION IMPERFECT INFORMATION INCOME INCREASING RETURNS INEQUALITIES INEQUALITY INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY INVESTMENT DECISION INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION JOB MARKET LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE SURVEY LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR MOBILITY LABOR RELATIONS LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF EDUCATION LITERATURE MARGINAL PRODUCTIVITY MARKET LIBERALIZATION MIGRANT MIGRATION MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOWS MOTIVATION MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA NATIONAL OUTPUT NETWORK EXTERNALITIES OPPORTUNITY COST PAPERS POLICY CHANGE POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL ECONOMY POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROGRESS RENTS RESPECT RETURN MIGRATION RISK AVERSION SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SKILL LEVEL SKILL LEVELS SKILLED LABOR SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL SECURITY TERTIARY EDUCATION TERTIARY ENROLLMENT TERTIARY LEVEL TRANSPORTATION TREATY UNEMPLOYMENT UNION UNSKILLED WORKERS UTILITY FUNCTION WAGES WEALTH WORKFORCE Can a brain drain be good for development? Many studies have established the theoretical possibility of such a brain gain. Yet it is only recently that the relaxation of data constraints has allowed for sound empirical assessments. In utilizing the dramatic policy change that accompanied European Union accession as a natural experiment, this paper is able to assuage fears of reverse causality between migration and human capital formation. The results highlight a significant impact of European Union accession on human capital formation indicating that the prospect of migration can indeed fuel skill formation even in the context of middle-income economies. And, if accompanied by policies to promote return migration, as well as a functioning credit market to enable private investment, international labor mobility could represent a powerful tool for growth. 2012-03-19T19:08:51Z 2012-03-19T19:08:51Z 2009-02-01 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090224082617 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4039 English Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 4845 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper The World Region The World Region
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English
topic	AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ANALYTICAL METHODS BENCHMARK BRAIN DRAIN BUSINESS SCHOOL CAPITAL FLIGHT CAPITAL INVESTMENT CAPITAL STOCKS CITIZENS COMPETITIVE MARKETS CREDIT MARKET DEREGULATION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS EARNINGS ECONOMIC COSTS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMIC THEORY ECONOMIES OF SCALE EDUCATED ADULTS EDUCATED WORKFORCE EDUCATION LEVEL EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS EMIGRATION POLICIES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENROLLMENTS ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES EXPORTS EXTERNALITY FISCAL LOSS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN STUDENTS FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT FUTURE GENERATIONS GDP GDP PER CAPITA GRADUATE STUDENTS GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT HUMAN RESOURCES IMMIGRANTS IMMIGRATION IMPACT OF MIGRATION IMPERFECT INFORMATION INCOME INCREASING RETURNS INEQUALITIES INEQUALITY INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY INVESTMENT DECISION INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION JOB MARKET LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE SURVEY LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR MOBILITY LABOR RELATIONS LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF EDUCATION LITERATURE MARGINAL PRODUCTIVITY MARKET LIBERALIZATION MIGRANT MIGRATION MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOWS MOTIVATION MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA NATIONAL OUTPUT NETWORK EXTERNALITIES OPPORTUNITY COST PAPERS POLICY CHANGE POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL ECONOMY POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROGRESS RENTS RESPECT RETURN MIGRATION RISK AVERSION SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SKILL LEVEL SKILL LEVELS SKILLED LABOR SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL SECURITY TERTIARY EDUCATION TERTIARY ENROLLMENT TERTIARY LEVEL TRANSPORTATION TREATY UNEMPLOYMENT UNION UNSKILLED WORKERS UTILITY FUNCTION WAGES WEALTH WORKFORCE
spellingShingle	AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ANALYTICAL METHODS BENCHMARK BRAIN DRAIN BUSINESS SCHOOL CAPITAL FLIGHT CAPITAL INVESTMENT CAPITAL STOCKS CITIZENS COMPETITIVE MARKETS CREDIT MARKET DEREGULATION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS EARNINGS ECONOMIC COSTS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMIC THEORY ECONOMIES OF SCALE EDUCATED ADULTS EDUCATED WORKFORCE EDUCATION LEVEL EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS EMIGRATION POLICIES EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENROLLMENTS ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES EXPORTS EXTERNALITY FISCAL LOSS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN STUDENTS FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT FUTURE GENERATIONS GDP GDP PER CAPITA GRADUATE STUDENTS GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL FORMATION HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT HUMAN RESOURCES IMMIGRANTS IMMIGRATION IMPACT OF MIGRATION IMPERFECT INFORMATION INCOME INCREASING RETURNS INEQUALITIES INEQUALITY INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY INVESTMENT DECISION INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION JOB MARKET LABOR DEMAND LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE SURVEY LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR MOBILITY LABOR RELATIONS LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF EDUCATION LITERATURE MARGINAL PRODUCTIVITY MARKET LIBERALIZATION MIGRANT MIGRATION MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOWS MOTIVATION MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA NATIONAL OUTPUT NETWORK EXTERNALITIES OPPORTUNITY COST PAPERS POLICY CHANGE POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL ECONOMY POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROGRESS RENTS RESPECT RETURN MIGRATION RISK AVERSION SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SKILL LEVEL SKILL LEVELS SKILLED LABOR SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL SECURITY TERTIARY EDUCATION TERTIARY ENROLLMENT TERTIARY LEVEL TRANSPORTATION TREATY UNEMPLOYMENT UNION UNSKILLED WORKERS UTILITY FUNCTION WAGES WEALTH WORKFORCE Farchy, Emily The Impact of EU Accession on Human Capital : Formation - Can Migration Fuel a Brain Gain?
geographic_facet	The World Region The World Region
relation	Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 4845
description	Can a brain drain be good for development? Many studies have established the theoretical possibility of such a brain gain. Yet it is only recently that the relaxation of data constraints has allowed for sound empirical assessments. In utilizing the dramatic policy change that accompanied European Union accession as a natural experiment, this paper is able to assuage fears of reverse causality between migration and human capital formation. The results highlight a significant impact of European Union accession on human capital formation indicating that the prospect of migration can indeed fuel skill formation even in the context of middle-income economies. And, if accompanied by policies to promote return migration, as well as a functioning credit market to enable private investment, international labor mobility could represent a powerful tool for growth.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Farchy, Emily
author_facet	Farchy, Emily
author_sort	Farchy, Emily
title	The Impact of EU Accession on Human Capital : Formation - Can Migration Fuel a Brain Gain?
title_short	The Impact of EU Accession on Human Capital : Formation - Can Migration Fuel a Brain Gain?
title_full	The Impact of EU Accession on Human Capital : Formation - Can Migration Fuel a Brain Gain?
title_fullStr	The Impact of EU Accession on Human Capital : Formation - Can Migration Fuel a Brain Gain?
title_full_unstemmed	The Impact of EU Accession on Human Capital : Formation - Can Migration Fuel a Brain Gain?
title_sort	impact of eu accession on human capital : formation - can migration fuel a brain gain?
publishDate	2012
url	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20090224082617 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/4039
_version_	1764389629331505152

The Impact of EU Accession on Human Capital : Formation - Can Migration Fuel a Brain Gain?

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