On the Road to Prosperity? The Economic Geography of China’s National Expressway Network
Over the past two decades, China has embarked on an ambitious program of expressway network expansion. By facilitating market integration, this program aims both to promote efficiency at the national level and to contribute to the catch-up of laggi...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
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2012
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| Online Access: | http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20101115151238 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3961 |
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okr-10986-3961 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
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Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ACCESS TO INTERNATIONAL MARKETS ACCIDENTS ACCOUNTING ADMINISTRATIVE REGION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AIR ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE ARBITRAGE ARTERIES AUTONOMOUS REGIONS BILATERAL TRADE CITY STREETS CLOSED ECONOMY COASTAL REGIONS COMPETITIVENESS CONGESTION CONGESTION COSTS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION WORKERS CONSUMERS COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS COST FUNCTIONS COST OF TRANSPORTATION COSTS OF TRANSPORTATION DESIGN SPEED DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DISPOSABLE INCOME ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMICS LITERATURE ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFICIENCY OF LABOR ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION EMPLOYMENT ENDOGENOUS VARIABLES EQUATIONS EQUILIBRIUM ETHNIC MINORITY EXPORTS EXPRESSWAYS EXTERNALITIES FRAMEWORK FREIGHT FREIGHT TRANSPORT FUNCTIONAL FORMS FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GROWTH RATE HAULAGE HIGHWAY HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS HIGHWAY NETWORK HIGHWAYS HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL INCOME GAINS INCOME LEVELS INCOME TAX INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INLAND REGIONS INTERNATIONAL PORTS INTERREGIONAL TRANSPORT INTERSTATE HIGHWAY INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM INVENTORIES LABOR EFFICIENCY LABOR MOBILITY LAGGING REGIONS MARGINAL BENEFITS MARGINAL COSTS MOBILITY MOBILITY OF LABOR MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA NET INCOME NOMINAL INCOME NOMINAL WAGES OPPORTUNITY COST PAVEMENT PECUNIARY EXTERNALITIES PER CAPITA INCOME PERFECT COMPETITION POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES PRICE CHANGES PRICE LEVELS PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS PRODUCTION SIDE PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROFIT MAXIMIZATION QUALITY OF TRANSPORT RAIL RAIL PROJECTS REAL INCOME REAL WAGES REGIONAL DISPARITIES REGIONAL INPUT REMOTE AREAS REMOTE RURAL AREAS ROAD ROAD INFORMATION ROAD INVESTMENTS ROAD NETWORK ROAD NETWORKS ROAD SYSTEM ROAD TYPE ROAD TYPES ROUTE ROUTES RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS RURAL DISPARITIES RURAL ECONOMY RURAL EMPLOYMENT RURAL HOUSEHOLD RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INCOME RURAL INEQUALITIES RURAL LABOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL PRODUCTION RURAL SECTOR RURAL SECTORS RURAL TRANSPORT RURAL WAGES SATURATION SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SPATIAL DISPERSION SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SPATIAL INEQUALITY STATISTICAL ANALYSIS SUB-REGIONS TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRAFFIC TRANSPORT TRANSPORT COST SAVINGS TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT ECONOMICS TRANSPORT INDUSTRY TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT INVESTMENT TRANSPORT INVESTMENTS TRANSPORT MARKET TRANSPORT NETWORK TRANSPORT PROJECTS TRANSPORT SECTOR TRANSPORT SPECIALISTS TRANSPORT TECHNOLOGY TRAVEL SPEED TRAVEL TIME TRAVEL TIMES TRUCKING TRUE URBAN WORKERS UTILITY FUNCTIONS VEHICLE VEHICLE OPERATING VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE DISPARITIES WAGE GROWTH WAGE INCREASES WAGES |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO INTERNATIONAL MARKETS ACCIDENTS ACCOUNTING ADMINISTRATIVE REGION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AIR ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE ARBITRAGE ARTERIES AUTONOMOUS REGIONS BILATERAL TRADE CITY STREETS CLOSED ECONOMY COASTAL REGIONS COMPETITIVENESS CONGESTION CONGESTION COSTS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION WORKERS CONSUMERS COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS COST FUNCTIONS COST OF TRANSPORTATION COSTS OF TRANSPORTATION DESIGN SPEED DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DISPOSABLE INCOME ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMICS LITERATURE ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFICIENCY OF LABOR ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION EMPLOYMENT ENDOGENOUS VARIABLES EQUATIONS EQUILIBRIUM ETHNIC MINORITY EXPORTS EXPRESSWAYS EXTERNALITIES FRAMEWORK FREIGHT FREIGHT TRANSPORT FUNCTIONAL FORMS FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GROWTH RATE HAULAGE HIGHWAY HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS HIGHWAY NETWORK HIGHWAYS HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL INCOME GAINS INCOME LEVELS INCOME TAX INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INLAND REGIONS INTERNATIONAL PORTS INTERREGIONAL TRANSPORT INTERSTATE HIGHWAY INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM INVENTORIES LABOR EFFICIENCY LABOR MOBILITY LAGGING REGIONS MARGINAL BENEFITS MARGINAL COSTS MOBILITY MOBILITY OF LABOR MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA NET INCOME NOMINAL INCOME NOMINAL WAGES OPPORTUNITY COST PAVEMENT PECUNIARY EXTERNALITIES PER CAPITA INCOME PERFECT COMPETITION POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES PRICE CHANGES PRICE LEVELS PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS PRODUCTION SIDE PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROFIT MAXIMIZATION QUALITY OF TRANSPORT RAIL RAIL PROJECTS REAL INCOME REAL WAGES REGIONAL DISPARITIES REGIONAL INPUT REMOTE AREAS REMOTE RURAL AREAS ROAD ROAD INFORMATION ROAD INVESTMENTS ROAD NETWORK ROAD NETWORKS ROAD SYSTEM ROAD TYPE ROAD TYPES ROUTE ROUTES RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS RURAL DISPARITIES RURAL ECONOMY RURAL EMPLOYMENT RURAL HOUSEHOLD RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INCOME RURAL INEQUALITIES RURAL LABOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL PRODUCTION RURAL SECTOR RURAL SECTORS RURAL TRANSPORT RURAL WAGES SATURATION SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SPATIAL DISPERSION SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SPATIAL INEQUALITY STATISTICAL ANALYSIS SUB-REGIONS TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRAFFIC TRANSPORT TRANSPORT COST SAVINGS TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT ECONOMICS TRANSPORT INDUSTRY TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT INVESTMENT TRANSPORT INVESTMENTS TRANSPORT MARKET TRANSPORT NETWORK TRANSPORT PROJECTS TRANSPORT SECTOR TRANSPORT SPECIALISTS TRANSPORT TECHNOLOGY TRAVEL SPEED TRAVEL TIME TRAVEL TIMES TRUCKING TRUE URBAN WORKERS UTILITY FUNCTIONS VEHICLE VEHICLE OPERATING VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE DISPARITIES WAGE GROWTH WAGE INCREASES WAGES Roberts, Mark Deichmann, Uwe Fingleton, Bernard Shi, Tuo On the Road to Prosperity? The Economic Geography of China’s National Expressway Network |
| geographic_facet |
East Asia and Pacific East Asia and Pacific East Asia Asia China |
| relation |
Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5479 |
| description |
Over the past two decades, China has
embarked on an ambitious program of expressway network
expansion. By facilitating market integration, this program
aims both to promote efficiency at the national level and to
contribute to the catch-up of lagging inland regions with
prosperous Eastern ones. This paper evaluates the aggregate
and spatial economic impacts of China's newly
constructed National Expressway Network, focussing, in
particular, on its short-run impacts. To achieve this aim,
the authors adopt a counterfactual approach based on the
estimation and simulation of a structural "new economic
geography" model. Overall, they find that aggregate
Chinese real income was approximately 6 percent higher than
it would have been in 2007 had the expressway network not
been built. Although there is considerable heterogeneity in
the results, the authors do not find evidence of a
significant reduction in disparities across prefectural
level regions or of a reduction in urban-rural disparities.
If anything, the expressway network appears to have
reinforced existing patterns of spatial inequality,
although, over time, these will likely be reduced by
enhanced migration. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Roberts, Mark Deichmann, Uwe Fingleton, Bernard Shi, Tuo |
| author_facet |
Roberts, Mark Deichmann, Uwe Fingleton, Bernard Shi, Tuo |
| author_sort |
Roberts, Mark |
| title |
On the Road to Prosperity? The Economic Geography of China’s National Expressway Network |
| title_short |
On the Road to Prosperity? The Economic Geography of China’s National Expressway Network |
| title_full |
On the Road to Prosperity? The Economic Geography of China’s National Expressway Network |
| title_fullStr |
On the Road to Prosperity? The Economic Geography of China’s National Expressway Network |
| title_full_unstemmed |
On the Road to Prosperity? The Economic Geography of China’s National Expressway Network |
| title_sort |
on the road to prosperity? the economic geography of china’s national expressway network |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20101115151238 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3961 |
| _version_ |
1764389229960364032 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-39612021-04-23T14:02:14Z On the Road to Prosperity? The Economic Geography of China’s National Expressway Network Roberts, Mark Deichmann, Uwe Fingleton, Bernard Shi, Tuo ACCESS TO INTERNATIONAL MARKETS ACCIDENTS ACCOUNTING ADMINISTRATIVE REGION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AIR ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE ARBITRAGE ARTERIES AUTONOMOUS REGIONS BILATERAL TRADE CITY STREETS CLOSED ECONOMY COASTAL REGIONS COMPETITIVENESS CONGESTION CONGESTION COSTS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION WORKERS CONSUMERS COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS COST FUNCTIONS COST OF TRANSPORTATION COSTS OF TRANSPORTATION DESIGN SPEED DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DISPOSABLE INCOME ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMICS LITERATURE ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFICIENCY OF LABOR ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION EMPLOYMENT ENDOGENOUS VARIABLES EQUATIONS EQUILIBRIUM ETHNIC MINORITY EXPORTS EXPRESSWAYS EXTERNALITIES FRAMEWORK FREIGHT FREIGHT TRANSPORT FUNCTIONAL FORMS FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GROWTH RATE HAULAGE HIGHWAY HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS HIGHWAY NETWORK HIGHWAYS HOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOME HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL INCOME GAINS INCOME LEVELS INCOME TAX INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INLAND REGIONS INTERNATIONAL PORTS INTERREGIONAL TRANSPORT INTERSTATE HIGHWAY INTERSTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM INVENTORIES LABOR EFFICIENCY LABOR MOBILITY LAGGING REGIONS MARGINAL BENEFITS MARGINAL COSTS MOBILITY MOBILITY OF LABOR MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA NET INCOME NOMINAL INCOME NOMINAL WAGES OPPORTUNITY COST PAVEMENT PECUNIARY EXTERNALITIES PER CAPITA INCOME PERFECT COMPETITION POSITIVE EXTERNALITIES PRICE CHANGES PRICE LEVELS PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS PRODUCTION SIDE PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROFIT MAXIMIZATION QUALITY OF TRANSPORT RAIL RAIL PROJECTS REAL INCOME REAL WAGES REGIONAL DISPARITIES REGIONAL INPUT REMOTE AREAS REMOTE RURAL AREAS ROAD ROAD INFORMATION ROAD INVESTMENTS ROAD NETWORK ROAD NETWORKS ROAD SYSTEM ROAD TYPE ROAD TYPES ROUTE ROUTES RURAL AREA RURAL AREAS RURAL DISPARITIES RURAL ECONOMY RURAL EMPLOYMENT RURAL HOUSEHOLD RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INCOME RURAL INEQUALITIES RURAL LABOR RURAL POPULATION RURAL PRODUCTION RURAL SECTOR RURAL SECTORS RURAL TRANSPORT RURAL WAGES SATURATION SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SPATIAL DISPERSION SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SPATIAL INEQUALITY STATISTICAL ANALYSIS SUB-REGIONS TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRAFFIC TRANSPORT TRANSPORT COST SAVINGS TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT ECONOMICS TRANSPORT INDUSTRY TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORT INVESTMENT TRANSPORT INVESTMENTS TRANSPORT MARKET TRANSPORT NETWORK TRANSPORT PROJECTS TRANSPORT SECTOR TRANSPORT SPECIALISTS TRANSPORT TECHNOLOGY TRAVEL SPEED TRAVEL TIME TRAVEL TIMES TRUCKING TRUE URBAN WORKERS UTILITY FUNCTIONS VEHICLE VEHICLE OPERATING VEHICLE OPERATING COSTS WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE DISPARITIES WAGE GROWTH WAGE INCREASES WAGES Over the past two decades, China has embarked on an ambitious program of expressway network expansion. By facilitating market integration, this program aims both to promote efficiency at the national level and to contribute to the catch-up of lagging inland regions with prosperous Eastern ones. This paper evaluates the aggregate and spatial economic impacts of China's newly constructed National Expressway Network, focussing, in particular, on its short-run impacts. To achieve this aim, the authors adopt a counterfactual approach based on the estimation and simulation of a structural "new economic geography" model. Overall, they find that aggregate Chinese real income was approximately 6 percent higher than it would have been in 2007 had the expressway network not been built. Although there is considerable heterogeneity in the results, the authors do not find evidence of a significant reduction in disparities across prefectural level regions or of a reduction in urban-rural disparities. If anything, the expressway network appears to have reinforced existing patterns of spatial inequality, although, over time, these will likely be reduced by enhanced migration. 2012-03-19T18:42:54Z 2012-03-19T18:42:54Z 2010-11-01 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20101115151238 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3961 English Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 5479 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper East Asia and Pacific East Asia and Pacific East Asia Asia China |