Measuring Financial Access around the World

This paper introduces a new set of financial access indicators for 139 countries across the globe and describes the results of a preliminary analysis of this data set. The new data set builds on previous work using a similar methodology. The new da...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Kendall, Jake, Mylenko, Nataliya, Ponce, Alejandro
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	ACCESS POINTS ACCESS TO CREDIT ACCESS TO FINANCE ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES ACCOUNT HOLDER ACCOUNT HOLDERS ACCOUNT MANAGEMENT ACCOUNT OWNERSHIP AGRICULTURE BANKS AMOUNT OF LOANS AVERAGE BALANCE BALANCE SHEETS BANK ACCESS BANK ACCOUNT BANK ACCOUNTS BANK BRANCH BANK BRANCHES BANK DEPOSIT BANK GOVERNOR BANK LOANS BANK MARKETS BANK POLICY BANK REGULATION BANK SUPERVISION BANKING SECTOR BANKING SECTOR OUTREACH BANKING SERVICES BORROWING BRANCH BANKING BRANCH DENSITY BUSINESS ACTIVITY BUSINESS LOANS CENTRAL BANKS CHECKING ACCOUNT CHECKS COLLATERAL COMMERCIAL BANK COMMERCIAL BANK BRANCHES COMMERCIAL BANK LOANS COMMERCIAL BANKING COMMERCIAL BANKS CONSUMER CREDIT CONSUMER LOAN CONSUMER LOANS CONSUMER PROTECTION CONTRACT ENFORCEMENT COOPERATIVE BANKS COOPERATIVES COUNTRY TO COUNTRY CREDIT ACCESS CREDIT INFORMATION CREDIT MARKET CREDIT MARKETS CREDIT UNION CREDIT UNIONS CREDITOR CREDITOR RIGHT CREDITOR RIGHTS CUSTOMER BASE DATA AVAILABILITY DEBIT CARDS DEPOSIT DEPOSIT ACCOUNT DEPOSIT ACCOUNTS DEPOSIT INSURANCE DEPOSIT INSURANCE SCHEMES DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS DEPOSIT SERVICE DEPOSIT SERVICES DEPOSIT TAKING INSTITUTIONS DEPOSITS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT BANK DEVELOPMENT BANKS DOMESTIC CREDIT DOUBLE BOTTOM LINE DUMMY VARIABLE EASTERN CARIBBEAN CENTRAL BANK ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC STABILITY EDUCATION SPENDING EMPLOYMENT ENTERPRISE CREDIT EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES FACTORING FINANCE COMPANIES FINANCIAL ACCESS FINANCIAL ACCESS INDICATORS FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCIAL EXCLUSION FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION FINANCIAL OUTREACH FINANCIAL PENETRATION FINANCIAL PRODUCT FINANCIAL PRODUCTS FINANCIAL REFORMS FINANCIAL REGULATOR FINANCIAL REGULATORS FINANCIAL SERVICE FINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS FINANCIAL STUDIES FINANCIAL SYSTEM FINANCIAL SYSTEMS FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICES FORMAL SAVINGS FUNGIBLE GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS GOVERNMENT BANKS GOVERNMENT SAVINGS GROUP LENDING HOLDING HOUSEHOLD DEBT HOUSEHOLDS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME STATEMENTS INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS INDIVIDUAL LOANS INDIVIDUALS WITH BANK ACCOUNTS INEQUALITY INFLATION INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE INTERNATIONAL BANK JURISDICTION LEGAL SYSTEM LEGAL SYSTEMS LENDERS LOAN LOAN APPLICATION LOAN PRODUCTS LOANS TO INDIVIDUALS MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MANDATES MARKET COMPETITION MARKET SIZE MFI MFIS MICRO-ENTERPRISE MICRO-ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT MICRO-ENTREPRENEUR MICRO-LENDING MICROCREDIT MICROFINANCE MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS MIGRATION MINIMUM BALANCE MINISTRIES OF FINANCE MODERN FINANCIAL SYSTEMS MORAL HAZARD NATIONAL SAVINGS NOMINAL INTEREST RATE OFFSHORE CENTERS OFFSHORE FINANCIAL CENTERS OUTREACH OUTSTANDING LOANS OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE PAYMENT SYSTEMS PHYSICAL ACCESS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL STABILITY POOR ACCESS PORTFOLIOS POST OFFICES POSTAL BANKS PRIVATE CREDIT PRIVATE FUNDS PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PROFITABILITY PUBLIC FUNDS REGULATORY AUTHORITIES REGULATORY BARRIER REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REGULATORY POLICIES REGULATORY REPORTS REPAYMENT RETAIL BANKING RETAIL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS RETURN RISK MANAGEMENT RURAL BANKS SAVINGS SAVINGS ACCOUNTS SAVINGS BANKS SAVINGS RATE SAVINGS SERVICES SECURITIES SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENT SYSTEMS SOCIAL BANKING SUPERVISORY AGENCIES SUPERVISORY AGENCY SUPPLY OF CREDIT TAX TAX INCENTIVES TIME DEPOSIT TRANSACTION TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSPARENCY TRANSPORT TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE TYPES OF INSTRUMENTS UNIVERSAL BANKS WEALTH EFFECT
Online Access:	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20100330164126 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3741

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Summary:	This paper introduces a new set of financial access indicators for 139 countries across the globe and describes the results of a preliminary analysis of this data set. The new data set builds on previous work using a similar methodology. The new data set features broader country coverage and greater disaggregation by type of financial product and by type of institution supplying the product -- commercial banks, specialized state run savings and development banks, banks with mutual ownership structure (such as cooperatives), and microfinance institutions. The authors use the data set to conduct a rough estimation of the number of bank accounts in the world (6.2 billion) as well as the number of banked and unbanked individuals. In developed countries, they estimate 3.2 accounts per adult and 81 percent of adults banked. By contrast, in developing countries, they estimate only 0.9 accounts per adult and 28 percent banked. In regression analysis, they find that measures of development and physical infrastructure are positively associated with the indicators of deposit account, loan, and branch penetration.

Measuring Financial Access around the World

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