COVID-19 Testing and Tracking : Lessons Learned and a Look Ahead
The COVID-19 pandemic has ravaged the global economy, either reversing or slowing ongoing efforts to eliminate extreme poverty in many countries. Despite recent progress, including increased recoveries and lower death rates, India is ranked third g...
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2021
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/988881615174727335/COVID-19-Testing-and-Tracking-Lessons-Learned-and-a-Look-Ahead http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35270 |
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okr-10986-352702021-04-23T14:02:19Z COVID-19 Testing and Tracking : Lessons Learned and a Look Ahead Gandham, Ramana N.V. Mutasa, Ronald Mohammed, Suresh Kunhi Jammy, Guru Rajesh Bhatnagar, Aarushi COVID-19 TESTING CONTRACT TRACING CORONAVIRUS The COVID-19 pandemic has ravaged the global economy, either reversing or slowing ongoing efforts to eliminate extreme poverty in many countries. Despite recent progress, including increased recoveries and lower death rates, India is ranked third globally in absolute numbers of COVID-19 reported cases. India’s chronic underinvestment in health, coupled with a hard-hit economic sector, has further entrenched segments of India’s population in vulnerability and poverty. The exodus of millions of migrants from the cities has contributed to the spread of infection from urban to rural areas, where health systems are weaker. As economic activities are revived following a period of lockdowns, policy makers must make smart choices that prevent and rein in the spread of COVID-19. In the absence of effective treatment and a vaccine, preventive measures combined with testing and tracing, followed by quarantine and isolation and supportive treatment, are critical to minimize the spread of COVID-19 and rejuvenate livelihoods to restore India’s economy. In this paper, authors bring together promising testing and tracing lessons and approaches from India and globally, based on a desk review of various initiatives and analyses of secondary data. Key lessons and findings are that: (i) testing and tracing is central to an effective COVID-19 response; (ii) a robust response to an unprecedented pandemic requires creative approaches, such as active case finding, pooled testing, testing environmental samples, triangulation of microdata, effective contact tracing, and partnering with the private sector; (iii) optimizing COVID-19 testing capacity should not negatively impact ongoing disease control programs; (iv) containment of COVID-19 should go hand-in-hand with preparation for future pandemics. We also summarize innovations and bottlenecks to rapidly scale up testing capacities at the state level, including strategies for optimizing the role of the private sector and introducing new technologies to enhance access to testing in rural populations. This paper offers options especially relevant to Indian policy makers, with a focus on sustained health systems strengthening. 2021-03-15T19:52:06Z 2021-03-15T19:52:06Z 2020-08-30 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/988881615174727335/COVID-19-Testing-and-Tracking-Lessons-Learned-and-a-Look-Ahead http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35270 English Health, Nutrition and Population Discussion Paper; CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Working Paper South Asia India |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
COVID-19 TESTING CONTRACT TRACING CORONAVIRUS |
| spellingShingle |
COVID-19 TESTING CONTRACT TRACING CORONAVIRUS Gandham, Ramana N.V. Mutasa, Ronald Mohammed, Suresh Kunhi Jammy, Guru Rajesh Bhatnagar, Aarushi COVID-19 Testing and Tracking : Lessons Learned and a Look Ahead |
| geographic_facet |
South Asia India |
| relation |
Health, Nutrition and Population Discussion Paper; |
| description |
The COVID-19 pandemic has ravaged the
global economy, either reversing or slowing ongoing efforts
to eliminate extreme poverty in many countries. Despite
recent progress, including increased recoveries and lower
death rates, India is ranked third globally in absolute
numbers of COVID-19 reported cases. India’s chronic
underinvestment in health, coupled with a hard-hit economic
sector, has further entrenched segments of India’s
population in vulnerability and poverty. The exodus of
millions of migrants from the cities has contributed to the
spread of infection from urban to rural areas, where health
systems are weaker. As economic activities are revived
following a period of lockdowns, policy makers must make
smart choices that prevent and rein in the spread of
COVID-19. In the absence of effective treatment and a
vaccine, preventive measures combined with testing and
tracing, followed by quarantine and isolation and supportive
treatment, are critical to minimize the spread of COVID-19
and rejuvenate livelihoods to restore India’s economy. In
this paper, authors bring together promising testing and
tracing lessons and approaches from India and globally,
based on a desk review of various initiatives and analyses
of secondary data. Key lessons and findings are that: (i)
testing and tracing is central to an effective COVID-19
response; (ii) a robust response to an unprecedented
pandemic requires creative approaches, such as active case
finding, pooled testing, testing environmental samples,
triangulation of microdata, effective contact tracing, and
partnering with the private sector; (iii) optimizing
COVID-19 testing capacity should not negatively impact
ongoing disease control programs; (iv) containment of
COVID-19 should go hand-in-hand with preparation for future
pandemics. We also summarize innovations and bottlenecks to
rapidly scale up testing capacities at the state level,
including strategies for optimizing the role of the private
sector and introducing new technologies to enhance access to
testing in rural populations. This paper offers options
especially relevant to Indian policy makers, with a focus on
sustained health systems strengthening. |
| format |
Working Paper |
| author |
Gandham, Ramana N.V. Mutasa, Ronald Mohammed, Suresh Kunhi Jammy, Guru Rajesh Bhatnagar, Aarushi |
| author_facet |
Gandham, Ramana N.V. Mutasa, Ronald Mohammed, Suresh Kunhi Jammy, Guru Rajesh Bhatnagar, Aarushi |
| author_sort |
Gandham, Ramana N.V. |
| title |
COVID-19 Testing and Tracking : Lessons Learned and a Look Ahead |
| title_short |
COVID-19 Testing and Tracking : Lessons Learned and a Look Ahead |
| title_full |
COVID-19 Testing and Tracking : Lessons Learned and a Look Ahead |
| title_fullStr |
COVID-19 Testing and Tracking : Lessons Learned and a Look Ahead |
| title_full_unstemmed |
COVID-19 Testing and Tracking : Lessons Learned and a Look Ahead |
| title_sort |
covid-19 testing and tracking : lessons learned and a look ahead |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/988881615174727335/COVID-19-Testing-and-Tracking-Lessons-Learned-and-a-Look-Ahead http://hdl.handle.net/10986/35270 |
| _version_ |
1764482683289731072 |