Governance and Women's Economic and Political Participation : Power Inequalities, Formal Constraints and Norms

Have institutional reforms been successful in reducing persistent gender gaps in economic and political participation? This paper argues that, at the roots of current gender inequalities, there are traditional patriarchal social structures in which power is unequally distributed, with men traditiona...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Milazzo, Annamaria, Goldstein, Markus
Format:	Journal Article
Published:	Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the World Bank 2020
Subjects:	GENDER INEQUALITY GOVERNANCE INFORMAL NORMS INSTITUTIONAL REFORM SOCIAL INCLUSION GENDER INEQUALITY GENDER GAP
Online Access:	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34344

id	okr-10986-34344
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-343442021-05-25T10:54:39Z Governance and Women's Economic and Political Participation : Power Inequalities, Formal Constraints and Norms Milazzo, Annamaria Goldstein, Markus GENDER INEQUALITY GOVERNANCE INFORMAL NORMS INSTITUTIONAL REFORM SOCIAL INCLUSION GENDER INEQUALITY GENDER GAP Have institutional reforms been successful in reducing persistent gender gaps in economic and political participation? This paper argues that, at the roots of current gender inequalities, there are traditional patriarchal social structures in which power is unequally distributed, with men traditionally holding authority over women. The power imbalance is manifested in governance arrangements, of which we consider discriminatory formal laws and informal normative systems that perpetuate gender inequality. We review the evidence on the effectiveness of reforms addressing gender inequality and applied via formal law changes. Given the possibility of endogeneity issues as reforms may have been adopted in countries where attitudes toward women had already been improving, we focus on micro-empirical studies that tackle this challenge. The evidence suggests that some reforms have been successful in reducing inequalities. Power and norms can shift and sometimes temporary interventions can deliver long-term results. 2020-08-12T19:01:30Z 2020-08-12T19:01:30Z 2019-02 Journal Article World Bank Research Observer 1564-6971 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34344 CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo World Bank Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the World Bank Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Journal Article
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
topic	GENDER INEQUALITY GOVERNANCE INFORMAL NORMS INSTITUTIONAL REFORM SOCIAL INCLUSION GENDER INEQUALITY GENDER GAP
spellingShingle	GENDER INEQUALITY GOVERNANCE INFORMAL NORMS INSTITUTIONAL REFORM SOCIAL INCLUSION GENDER INEQUALITY GENDER GAP Milazzo, Annamaria Goldstein, Markus Governance and Women's Economic and Political Participation : Power Inequalities, Formal Constraints and Norms
description	Have institutional reforms been successful in reducing persistent gender gaps in economic and political participation? This paper argues that, at the roots of current gender inequalities, there are traditional patriarchal social structures in which power is unequally distributed, with men traditionally holding authority over women. The power imbalance is manifested in governance arrangements, of which we consider discriminatory formal laws and informal normative systems that perpetuate gender inequality. We review the evidence on the effectiveness of reforms addressing gender inequality and applied via formal law changes. Given the possibility of endogeneity issues as reforms may have been adopted in countries where attitudes toward women had already been improving, we focus on micro-empirical studies that tackle this challenge. The evidence suggests that some reforms have been successful in reducing inequalities. Power and norms can shift and sometimes temporary interventions can deliver long-term results.
format	Journal Article
author	Milazzo, Annamaria Goldstein, Markus
author_facet	Milazzo, Annamaria Goldstein, Markus
author_sort	Milazzo, Annamaria
title	Governance and Women's Economic and Political Participation : Power Inequalities, Formal Constraints and Norms
title_short	Governance and Women's Economic and Political Participation : Power Inequalities, Formal Constraints and Norms
title_full	Governance and Women's Economic and Political Participation : Power Inequalities, Formal Constraints and Norms
title_fullStr	Governance and Women's Economic and Political Participation : Power Inequalities, Formal Constraints and Norms
title_full_unstemmed	Governance and Women's Economic and Political Participation : Power Inequalities, Formal Constraints and Norms
title_sort	governance and women's economic and political participation : power inequalities, formal constraints and norms
publisher	Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the World Bank
publishDate	2020
url	http://hdl.handle.net/10986/34344
_version_	1764480702354554880

Governance and Women's Economic and Political Participation : Power Inequalities, Formal Constraints and Norms

Similar Items