The Nitrogen Legacy : The Long-Term Effects of Water Pollution on Human Capital

The fallout of nitrogen pollution is considered one of the largest global externalities facing the world, impacting air, water, soil, and human health. This paper combines data from the Demographic and Health Survey data set across India, Vietnam,...

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Main Authors:	Zaveri, Esha, Russ, Jason, Desbureaux, Sebastien, Damania, Richard, Rodella, Aude-Sophie, Ribeiro, Giovanna
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2020
Subjects:	WATER POLLUTION HUMAN CAPITAL STAGES OF LIFE DRINKING WATER HEALTH NITROGEN POLLUTION DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY STUNTING
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/427991581022015021/The-Nitrogen-Legacy-The-Long-Term-Effects-of-Water-Pollution-on-Human-Capital http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33319

id	okr-10986-33319
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-333192022-09-20T00:13:17Z The Nitrogen Legacy : The Long-Term Effects of Water Pollution on Human Capital Zaveri, Esha Russ, Jason Desbureaux, Sebastien Damania, Richard Rodella, Aude-Sophie Ribeiro, Giovanna WATER POLLUTION HUMAN CAPITAL STAGES OF LIFE DRINKING WATER HEALTH NITROGEN POLLUTION DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY STUNTING The fallout of nitrogen pollution is considered one of the largest global externalities facing the world, impacting air, water, soil, and human health. This paper combines data from the Demographic and Health Survey data set across India, Vietnam, and 33 African countries to analyze the causal links between pollution exposure experienced during the very earliest stages of life and later-life health. The results show that pollution exposure experienced in the critical years of development—from birth until age three—is associated with decreased height as an adult, a well-known indicator of overall health and productivity, and is robust to several statistical checks. Because adult height is related to education, labor productivity, and income, this also implies a loss of earning potential. The analysis begins within an assessment in India, where the data are more available, and is then extended to geographic settings including Vietnam and 33 countries in Africa. The results are consistent and show that early-life exposure to nitrogen pollution in water can lower height-for-age scores during childhood in Vietnam and during infancy in Africa. These findings add to the evidence on the enduring consequences of water pollution and identify a critical area for policy intervention. 2020-02-13T16:39:06Z 2020-02-13T16:39:06Z 2020-02 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/427991581022015021/The-Nitrogen-Legacy-The-Long-Term-Effects-of-Water-Pollution-on-Human-Capital http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33319 English Policy Research Working Paper;No. 9143 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Africa East Asia and Pacific South Asia Sub-Saharan Africa India Vietnam
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English
topic	WATER POLLUTION HUMAN CAPITAL STAGES OF LIFE DRINKING WATER HEALTH NITROGEN POLLUTION DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY STUNTING
spellingShingle	WATER POLLUTION HUMAN CAPITAL STAGES OF LIFE DRINKING WATER HEALTH NITROGEN POLLUTION DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY STUNTING Zaveri, Esha Russ, Jason Desbureaux, Sebastien Damania, Richard Rodella, Aude-Sophie Ribeiro, Giovanna The Nitrogen Legacy : The Long-Term Effects of Water Pollution on Human Capital
geographic_facet	Africa East Asia and Pacific South Asia Sub-Saharan Africa India Vietnam
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 9143
description	The fallout of nitrogen pollution is considered one of the largest global externalities facing the world, impacting air, water, soil, and human health. This paper combines data from the Demographic and Health Survey data set across India, Vietnam, and 33 African countries to analyze the causal links between pollution exposure experienced during the very earliest stages of life and later-life health. The results show that pollution exposure experienced in the critical years of development—from birth until age three—is associated with decreased height as an adult, a well-known indicator of overall health and productivity, and is robust to several statistical checks. Because adult height is related to education, labor productivity, and income, this also implies a loss of earning potential. The analysis begins within an assessment in India, where the data are more available, and is then extended to geographic settings including Vietnam and 33 countries in Africa. The results are consistent and show that early-life exposure to nitrogen pollution in water can lower height-for-age scores during childhood in Vietnam and during infancy in Africa. These findings add to the evidence on the enduring consequences of water pollution and identify a critical area for policy intervention.
format	Working Paper
author	Zaveri, Esha Russ, Jason Desbureaux, Sebastien Damania, Richard Rodella, Aude-Sophie Ribeiro, Giovanna
author_facet	Zaveri, Esha Russ, Jason Desbureaux, Sebastien Damania, Richard Rodella, Aude-Sophie Ribeiro, Giovanna
author_sort	Zaveri, Esha
title	The Nitrogen Legacy : The Long-Term Effects of Water Pollution on Human Capital
title_short	The Nitrogen Legacy : The Long-Term Effects of Water Pollution on Human Capital
title_full	The Nitrogen Legacy : The Long-Term Effects of Water Pollution on Human Capital
title_fullStr	The Nitrogen Legacy : The Long-Term Effects of Water Pollution on Human Capital
title_full_unstemmed	The Nitrogen Legacy : The Long-Term Effects of Water Pollution on Human Capital
title_sort	nitrogen legacy : the long-term effects of water pollution on human capital
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2020
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/427991581022015021/The-Nitrogen-Legacy-The-Long-Term-Effects-of-Water-Pollution-on-Human-Capital http://hdl.handle.net/10986/33319
_version_	1764478477517455360

The Nitrogen Legacy : The Long-Term Effects of Water Pollution on Human Capital

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