Determinants and Dynamics of Schooling and Child Labor in Bolivia

This paper investigates the determinants of primary school enrollment, attendance and child labor in Bolivia from 1999 to 2007. The analysis also aims at identifying the substitution and complementary relationships between schooling and working. Al...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Grigoli, Francesco, Sbrana, Giacomo
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	ACADEMIC YEAR ACCOUNT ADOLESCENTS AGE OF ENTRY ARMED FORCES ATTENDANCE RATES BASIC EDUCATION BASIC NEEDS CHILD LABOR COMPLETION RATES COMPULSORY EDUCATION DAY CARE DECISION MAKING EDUCATED PARENTS EDUCATION ATTAINMENT EDUCATION EXPENDITURE EDUCATION FOR ALL EDUCATION OF PARENTS EDUCATION POLICIES EDUCATION REFORM EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATIONAL ACCESS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS EDUCATIONAL POLICIES EDUCATIONAL SERVICES EDUCATORS ENROLLMENT FIGURES ENROLLMENT OF CHILDREN ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES ETHNIC GROUPS FIRST LANGUAGE GENDER EQUALITY GENDER GAP GENDER ISSUES GIRLS GRADE LEVELS HIGHER ENROLLMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ILLITERACY ILLITERACY RATE INDIGENOUS CHILDREN INDIGENOUS PEOPLE INTERVENTIONS INVESTIGATION LEARNING LEVEL OF EDUCATION LOW LEVELS OF EDUCATION NATIONAL CULTURE NATIONAL EDUCATION NATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM NUTRITION OLDER CHILDREN PARENTAL EDUCATION PARENTS EDUCATION POOR CHILDREN PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL ATTENDANCE PRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLETION PRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLETION RATES PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLMENT PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIVATE SCHOOLS PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION PUBLIC SCHOOL REGULAR PRIMARY SCHOOL RURAL AREAS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL BREAKFAST SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL CONSTRUCTION SCHOOL FAILURE SCHOOL FEEDING SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS SCHOOL PARTICIPATION SCHOOL STUDENTS SCHOOL YEAR SCHOOLING SCHOOLING OF GIRLS SCHOOLS SECOND LANGUAGE SECONDARY EDUCATION SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL PROTECTION STREET CHILDREN TEACHER TEACHER TRAINING UNIVERSAL PRIMARY EDUCATION WAGES WORKING CHILDREN
Online Access:	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20110118102808 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3307

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Summary:	This paper investigates the determinants of primary school enrollment, attendance and child labor in Bolivia from 1999 to 2007. The analysis also aims at identifying the substitution and complementary relationships between schooling and working. Although enrollment rates show a significant improvement, lack of attendance remains an issue. The empirical results reveal that the increase in enrollment is led by indigenous children and those living in urban areas. Moreover, contrary to common belief, being extremely poor and indigenous are the main determinants of school attendance. Although extremely poor children increased their school attendance, they were not able to reduce child labor. However, for indigenous children school attendance and child labor were substitutes, increasing schooling and reducing child labor.

Determinants and Dynamics of Schooling and Child Labor in Bolivia

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