Market-Based Instruments for International Aviation and Shipping as a Source of Climate Finance

The international aviation and maritime sectors today enjoy relatively favorable tax treatment, as their fuels are not taxed and the sectors are not subject to any value-added tax or turnover tax. Nor are these fuel uses subject to any global measu...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Keen, Michael, Parry, Ian, Strand, Jon
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	AIR AIR CARGO AIR NAVIGATION AIR POLLUTION AIR SERVICE AIR TICKETS AIR TRAFFIC AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL AIR TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT AIRLINE COMPANIES AIRLINE TICKET AIRPORT AIRPORT CONGESTION AIRPORT SECURITY AIRPORT TAXES AIRPORTS ALLOCATION ALLOWANCE ALTERNATIVE FUELS ALTITUDE ANNUAL EMISSION ANNUAL EMISSION REDUCTIONS APPROACH AUTOMOBILE AVERAGE COSTS AVIATION EMISSIONS AVIATION FUEL AVIATION INDUSTRY AVIATION SECTOR BASELINE EMISSIONS BASELINE LEVELS BASES BIO-DIESEL CALORIFIC VALUE CAPITAL GAINS CARBON CARBON CONTENT CARBON EMISSIONS CARBON LEAKAGE CARBON PRICE CARBON TAXES CARRIERS CARS CIRRUS CLOUDS CLEAN TECHNOLOGY CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE STABILIZATION CO CO2 COATINGS COMBUSTION COMPLETE LISTING CONGESTION CONGESTION PROBLEMS CONSUMER PRICE CONSUMER SURPLUS CRUDE OIL CRUDE OIL PRICE DEMAND CURVE DEMAND ELASTICITY DEMAND FOR TRANSPORTATION DEMAND FOR TRAVEL DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DIESEL DIESEL ENGINES DIESEL FUEL DOMESTIC AIR TRAVEL DOMESTIC AVIATION DOMESTIC FLIGHTS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC WELFARE EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS ELASTICITIES ELASTICITIES OF DEMAND ELASTICITY OF DEMAND EMISSION EMISSION REDUCTIONS EMISSION TRADING EMISSIONS EMISSIONS ALLOWANCES EMISSIONS FROM AVIATION EMISSIONS FROM SOURCES EMISSIONS GROWTH EMISSIONS INTENSITY EMISSIONS MITIGATION EMISSIONS PER TONNE EMISSIONS PRICES EMISSIONS REDUCTION EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS EMISSIONS STANDARDS EMISSIONS TARGETS EMISSIONS TAXES EMISSIONS TRADING SCHEMES EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGES ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS EQUILIBRIUM EQUITY OBJECTIVES EXCISE TAXES EXTERNALITIES FEASIBILITY FISHING FLAGS OF CONVENIENCE FLEETS FLIGHT PATHS FOSSIL FUEL FREE ALLOWANCES FREIGHT FREIGHT COSTS FREIGHT SERVICES FUEL FUEL CHARGES FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL ECONOMY FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT FUEL OIL FUEL PRICE FUEL PRICES FUEL PRODUCTION FUEL TAX FUEL TAX RATES FUEL TAXATION FUEL TAXES FUEL USE FUELS GASOLINE GHG GLOBAL EMISSIONS GLOBAL EMISSIONS REDUCTION GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GASES GROSS RECEIPTS HEAVY FUEL OIL HYDROGEN IMPORT PRICES IMPORTS INCOME INPUT PRICES INTERNATIONAL AIR TRAVEL INTERNATIONAL AVIATION INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT IPCC JOURNEY LAND USE LIGHT TRUCKS LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS LOCAL AIR POLLUTION LOCAL AIR QUALITY LOW-SULFUR MARGINAL COST MARITIME TRANSPORT MARKET DISTORTIONS MARKET FAILURE MARKET FAILURES MINIMUM PRICE MOBILITY MONETARY FUND MOTOR FUEL MOTOR FUEL TAXES NATURAL GAS NOISE OIL PRICES OIL PRODUCTION OIL PRODUCTS OILS OZONE PASSENGER NUMBERS PASSENGER REVENUE PASSENGER TRAVEL PASSENGERS PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY SCENARIO POLICY SCENARIOS POLLUTION POWER POWER STATIONS PP PRICE CHANGE PRICE ELASTICITY PRICE ELASTICITY OF DEMAND PRICE FLOOR PRICE IMPACTS PRICE INCREASE PRODUCERS PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC SPENDING REDUCING EMISSIONS REDUCTION IN FUEL USE REDUCTION IN TRAVEL ROUTE ROUTES RUNWAYS SAFETY SOCIAL COSTS SPEEDS SUBSTITUTION SULFUR SULFUR EMISSIONS SULPHUR SULPHUR CONTENT SUNLIGHT SUPPLY CURVE SUPPLY CURVES SURCHARGES TAX TAX DESIGN TAX EXEMPT TAX EXEMPTIONS TAX RATE TAX REVENUE TAX SYSTEMS TAXATION OF FUEL TOTAL COSTS TOTAL EMISSIONS TRADING PATTERNS TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT TRANSIT TRANSPORT COSTS TRANSPORT MARKET TRANSPORT MODES TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION ACTIVITIES TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRAVEL COSTS TRAVEL DEMAND TRAVELERS TRIP TRIPS VEHICLE VEHICLE EMISSIONS WAGES WELFARE EFFECTS WINDFALL PROFITS
Online Access:	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20120117140509 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3235