More Than Schooling : Understanding Gender Differences in the Labor Market When Measures of Skill Are Available

This paper uses measures of cognitive and noncognitive skills in an expanded definition of human capital to examine how schooling and skills differ between men and women and how those differences relate to gender gaps in earnings across nine middle...

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Main Authors:	Gunewardena, Dileni, King, Elizabeth M., Valerio, Alexandria
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2018
Subjects:	GENDER GAP LABOR MARKET EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION ECONOMICS OF GENDER ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION HUMAN CAPITAL WAGE GAP
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/356091537360897955/More-Than-Schooling-Understanding-Gender-Differences-in-the-Labor-Market-When-Measures-of-Skill-Are-Available http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30441

id	okr-10986-30441
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-304412021-09-16T22:26:58Z More Than Schooling : Understanding Gender Differences in the Labor Market When Measures of Skill Are Available Gunewardena, Dileni King, Elizabeth M. Valerio, Alexandria GENDER GAP LABOR MARKET EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION ECONOMICS OF GENDER ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION HUMAN CAPITAL WAGE GAP This paper uses measures of cognitive and noncognitive skills in an expanded definition of human capital to examine how schooling and skills differ between men and women and how those differences relate to gender gaps in earnings across nine middle-income countries. The analysis finds that post-secondary schooling and cognitive skills are more important for women's earnings at the lower end and middle of the earnings distribution, and that men and women have positive returns to openness to new experiences and risk-taking behavior and negative returns to hostile attribution bias. Especially at the lower end of the earnings distribution, women are disadvantaged not so much by having lower human capital than men, but by institutional factors such as wage structures that reward women's human capital systematically less than men's. 2018-09-25T17:18:21Z 2018-09-25T17:18:21Z 2018-09 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/356091537360897955/More-Than-Schooling-Understanding-Gender-Differences-in-the-Labor-Market-When-Measures-of-Skill-Are-Available http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30441 English Policy Research Working Paper;No. 8588 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English
topic	GENDER GAP LABOR MARKET EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION ECONOMICS OF GENDER ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION HUMAN CAPITAL WAGE GAP
spellingShingle	GENDER GAP LABOR MARKET EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION ECONOMICS OF GENDER ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION HUMAN CAPITAL WAGE GAP Gunewardena, Dileni King, Elizabeth M. Valerio, Alexandria More Than Schooling : Understanding Gender Differences in the Labor Market When Measures of Skill Are Available
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 8588
description	This paper uses measures of cognitive and noncognitive skills in an expanded definition of human capital to examine how schooling and skills differ between men and women and how those differences relate to gender gaps in earnings across nine middle-income countries. The analysis finds that post-secondary schooling and cognitive skills are more important for women's earnings at the lower end and middle of the earnings distribution, and that men and women have positive returns to openness to new experiences and risk-taking behavior and negative returns to hostile attribution bias. Especially at the lower end of the earnings distribution, women are disadvantaged not so much by having lower human capital than men, but by institutional factors such as wage structures that reward women's human capital systematically less than men's.
format	Working Paper
author	Gunewardena, Dileni King, Elizabeth M. Valerio, Alexandria
author_facet	Gunewardena, Dileni King, Elizabeth M. Valerio, Alexandria
author_sort	Gunewardena, Dileni
title	More Than Schooling : Understanding Gender Differences in the Labor Market When Measures of Skill Are Available
title_short	More Than Schooling : Understanding Gender Differences in the Labor Market When Measures of Skill Are Available
title_full	More Than Schooling : Understanding Gender Differences in the Labor Market When Measures of Skill Are Available
title_fullStr	More Than Schooling : Understanding Gender Differences in the Labor Market When Measures of Skill Are Available
title_full_unstemmed	More Than Schooling : Understanding Gender Differences in the Labor Market When Measures of Skill Are Available
title_sort	more than schooling : understanding gender differences in the labor market when measures of skill are available
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2018
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/356091537360897955/More-Than-Schooling-Understanding-Gender-Differences-in-the-Labor-Market-When-Measures-of-Skill-Are-Available http://hdl.handle.net/10986/30441
_version_	1764472007650443264

More Than Schooling : Understanding Gender Differences in the Labor Market When Measures of Skill Are Available

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