Air Pollution in Tehran : Health Costs, Sources, and Policies
Tehran, the capital of the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), is located in the north of the country with a population of about 8.5 million. The population can reach over 12.5 million during the day, with people from nearby cities commuting daily to T...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Technical Paper |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2018
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/160681527012587818/Air-pollution-in-Tehran-health-costs-sources-and-policies http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29909 |
| id |
okr-10986-29909 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| spelling |
okr-10986-299092021-05-25T09:14:54Z Air Pollution in Tehran : Health Costs, Sources, and Policies Heger, Martin Sarraf, Maria AIR POLLUTION HEALTH IMPACT MORTALITY MORBIDITY VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY EMISSIONS PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FUEL QUALITY SUBSIDIES Tehran, the capital of the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), is located in the north of the country with a population of about 8.5 million. The population can reach over 12.5 million during the day, with people from nearby cities commuting daily to Tehran for work. There are more than 17 million vehicular trips per day in Tehran, and many of the vehicles have outdated technology. Thus, the air in Tehran is amongst the most polluted in the world. Topography and climate add to the pollution problem. Tehran is at a high altitude and is surrounded by the Alborz Mountain Range, which traps polluted air. Temperature inversion, a phenomenon particularly occurring during the winter months, prevents the pollutants from being diluted. Several recent trends indicate that reducing air pollution will not be straight forward: rapid population growth (partially due to migration from other cities), industrial development, urbanization, and increasing fuel consumptionare pressure points for clean air in Tehran. To design an effective approach to air pollution management, it is important to diagnose the problem, determine its sources, and identify affordable and sustainable solutions. This discussion paper provides an overview of the seriousness of air pollution in the city of Tehran; quantifies its impact in terms of health and economic costs; identifies the sources of pollution; and, finally, provides a framework to addressthe problem. 2018-06-19T20:00:00Z 2018-06-19T20:00:00Z 2018-04 Technical Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/160681527012587818/Air-pollution-in-Tehran-health-costs-sources-and-policies http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29909 English Environment and Natural Resources Global Practice Discussion Paper;No. 6 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Working Paper Middle East and North Africa Iran, Islamic Republic of |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
AIR POLLUTION HEALTH IMPACT MORTALITY MORBIDITY VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY EMISSIONS PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FUEL QUALITY SUBSIDIES |
| spellingShingle |
AIR POLLUTION HEALTH IMPACT MORTALITY MORBIDITY VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY EMISSIONS PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FUEL QUALITY SUBSIDIES Heger, Martin Sarraf, Maria Air Pollution in Tehran : Health Costs, Sources, and Policies |
| geographic_facet |
Middle East and North Africa Iran, Islamic Republic of |
| relation |
Environment and Natural Resources Global Practice Discussion Paper;No. 6 |
| description |
Tehran, the capital of the Islamic
Republic of Iran (IRI), is located in the north of the
country with a population of about 8.5 million. The
population can reach over 12.5 million during the day, with
people from nearby cities commuting daily to Tehran for
work. There are more than 17 million vehicular trips per day
in Tehran, and many of the vehicles have outdated
technology. Thus, the air in Tehran is amongst the most
polluted in the world. Topography and climate add to the
pollution problem. Tehran is at a high altitude and is
surrounded by the Alborz Mountain Range, which traps
polluted air. Temperature inversion, a phenomenon
particularly occurring during the winter months, prevents
the pollutants from being diluted. Several recent trends
indicate that reducing air pollution will not be straight
forward: rapid population growth (partially due to migration
from other cities), industrial development, urbanization,
and increasing fuel consumptionare pressure points for clean
air in Tehran. To design an effective approach to air
pollution management, it is important to diagnose the
problem, determine its sources, and identify affordable and
sustainable solutions. This discussion paper provides an
overview of the seriousness of air pollution in the city of
Tehran; quantifies its impact in terms of health and
economic costs; identifies the sources of pollution; and,
finally, provides a framework to addressthe problem. |
| format |
Technical Paper |
| author |
Heger, Martin Sarraf, Maria |
| author_facet |
Heger, Martin Sarraf, Maria |
| author_sort |
Heger, Martin |
| title |
Air Pollution in Tehran : Health Costs, Sources, and Policies |
| title_short |
Air Pollution in Tehran : Health Costs, Sources, and Policies |
| title_full |
Air Pollution in Tehran : Health Costs, Sources, and Policies |
| title_fullStr |
Air Pollution in Tehran : Health Costs, Sources, and Policies |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Air Pollution in Tehran : Health Costs, Sources, and Policies |
| title_sort |
air pollution in tehran : health costs, sources, and policies |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2018 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/160681527012587818/Air-pollution-in-Tehran-health-costs-sources-and-policies http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29909 |
| _version_ |
1764470689075560448 |