The Labor Productivity Gap between Female and Male-Managed Firms in the Formal Private Sector
This study analyzes gender differences in labor productivity in the formal private sector, using data from 128 mostly developing economies. The results reveal a sizable unconditional gap, with labor productivity being approximately 11 percent lower...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2018
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/727591526480400554/The-labor-productivity-gap-between-female-and-male-managed-firms-in-the-formal-private-sector http://hdl.handle.net/10986/29855 |
| Summary: | This study analyzes gender differences
in labor productivity in the formal private sector, using
data from 128 mostly developing economies. The results
reveal a sizable unconditional gap, with labor productivity
being approximately 11 percent lower among female- than
male-managed firms. The analyses are based on female
management, which is more strongly associated with labor
productivity than female participation in ownership, which
has been the focus of most previous studies. Decomposition
techniques reveal several factors that contribute to lower
labor productivity of female-managed firms relative to
male-managed firms: fewer female- than male-managed firms
protect themselves from crime and power outages, have their
own websites, and are (co-) owned by foreigners. In
addition, in the manufacturing sector, female-managed firms
are less capitalized and have lower labor cost than
male-managed firms. |
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