Albania - The New Growth Agenda : A Country Economic Memorandum
Since 1998 Albania has experienced an important transformation that has lifted it into the ranks of upper middle income countries and has allowed a sharp reduction in poverty. Growth averaged more than 6 percent per year between 1998 and 2010, the...
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| Format: | General Economy, Macroeconomics and Growth Study |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
World Bank
2012
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| Online Access: | http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20101121235513 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2935 |
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okr-10986-2935 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ACCOUNTANT ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE DEMAND AGRICULTURE ARREARS AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY BAILOUT BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BALANCE SHEETS BANK SUPERVISION BANKING SECTOR BANKING SYSTEM BANKRUPTCY BANKRUPTCY LAW BENCHMARK BRAIN DRAIN BROAD MONEY BUDGET DEFICITS BUDGET REVIEW BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CAPITAL ACCOUNT CAPITAL INFLOWS CAPITAL NEEDS CENTRAL BANK COLLATERAL COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES COMPETITIVE MARKET COMPETITIVENESS CONFIDENCE INDEX CONNECTIVITY CONSUMER CREDIT CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING CONTINGENT LIABILITIES CPI CREDIT GROWTH CREDIT RISK CRITICAL MASS CURRENCY CURRENCY DEPRECIATION CURRENCY MISMATCH CURRENCY MISMATCHES CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT DEBT DEBT LEVELS DEBT RATIO DEBT RATIOS DEBT REDUCTION DEBTOR DEPOSIT DEPOSIT INTEREST DEPOSITS DEVALUATION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING MARKET DOMESTIC BORROWING DOMESTIC CREDIT ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES ECONOMIC BOOM ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC OUTLOOK ECONOMIC PROGRESS ECONOMIC SITUATION EFFECTIVE USE ELASTICITY ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS EMERGING MARKETS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTS EQUIPMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENTS EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORTERS EXPORTS EXTERNAL FUNDING FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL DISTRESS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL MARKETS FINANCIAL SECTOR FINANCIAL STABILITY FINANCIAL SYSTEM FISCAL DISCIPLINE FISCAL POLICY FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE FORECASTS FOREIGN CURRENCY FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN FINANCING FOREIGN FUNDS FOREIGN INVESTORS FUTURE GROWTH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GOVERNANCE INDICATORS GOVERNMENT ACTION GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH POTENTIAL GROWTH RATE GROWTH RATES HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RESOURCE INCOME INCOME GROUPS INCOME LEVEL INCOME LEVELS INDEBTEDNESS INDEPENDENT REGULATORY BODY INFLATION INFORMATION SYSTEMS INFRASTRUCTURE INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INSTITUTIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE INSTRUMENT INSURANCE INTEREST PAYMENTS INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INVESTING INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT DECISIONS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEGAL FRAMEWORK LENDERS LENDING INTEREST RATE LIQUIDITY LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL CURRENCY LOSS OF CONFIDENCE LOW INTEREST RATES M3 MACRO-STABILITY MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC POLICIES MACROECONOMIC POLICY MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MACROECONOMIC VOLATILITY MARKET ECONOMY MARKET POWER MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRY MONETARY FUND MONETARY POLICIES MONETARY POLICY MORTGAGE MORTGAGE MARKET NATIONAL SAVING NATURAL MONOPOLY NET EXPORTS NEW MARKET NON-PERFORMING LOANS PENSIONS POLICY CREDIBILITY POLICY DECISIONS POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESPONSES PRICE CHANGES PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRIVATE INVESTMENTS PRIVATE INVESTORS PRIVATIZATION PRODUCERS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC INVESTMENT PUBLIC INVESTMENTS PUBLIC SPENDING PURCHASING POWER RAPID EXPANSION REAL GDP REFORM PROGRAM REGIONAL POWER REGULATOR REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REMITTANCE REMITTANCES RETURN RETURNS RISK MANAGEMENT RULE OF LAW SAVINGS SAVINGS BANK SCARCE CAPITAL SOCIAL PROTECTION SOVEREIGN DEBT STATUTORY REQUIREMENT SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TAX TAX REGIME TAX REVENUES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TRADE BALANCE TRADE DEFICIT TRADING TRANSACTION TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSITION COUNTRIES TRANSITION ECONOMIES TRANSPARENCY UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES VALUE ADDED WAGES WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS |
| spellingShingle |
ACCOUNTANT ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE DEMAND AGRICULTURE ARREARS AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY BAILOUT BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BALANCE SHEETS BANK SUPERVISION BANKING SECTOR BANKING SYSTEM BANKRUPTCY BANKRUPTCY LAW BENCHMARK BRAIN DRAIN BROAD MONEY BUDGET DEFICITS BUDGET REVIEW BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CAPITAL ACCOUNT CAPITAL INFLOWS CAPITAL NEEDS CENTRAL BANK COLLATERAL COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES COMPETITIVE MARKET COMPETITIVENESS CONFIDENCE INDEX CONNECTIVITY CONSUMER CREDIT CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING CONTINGENT LIABILITIES CPI CREDIT GROWTH CREDIT RISK CRITICAL MASS CURRENCY CURRENCY DEPRECIATION CURRENCY MISMATCH CURRENCY MISMATCHES CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT DEBT DEBT LEVELS DEBT RATIO DEBT RATIOS DEBT REDUCTION DEBTOR DEPOSIT DEPOSIT INTEREST DEPOSITS DEVALUATION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING MARKET DOMESTIC BORROWING DOMESTIC CREDIT ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES ECONOMIC BOOM ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC OUTLOOK ECONOMIC PROGRESS ECONOMIC SITUATION EFFECTIVE USE ELASTICITY ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS EMERGING MARKETS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTS EQUIPMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENTS EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORTERS EXPORTS EXTERNAL FUNDING FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL DISTRESS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL MARKETS FINANCIAL SECTOR FINANCIAL STABILITY FINANCIAL SYSTEM FISCAL DISCIPLINE FISCAL POLICY FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE FORECASTS FOREIGN CURRENCY FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN FINANCING FOREIGN FUNDS FOREIGN INVESTORS FUTURE GROWTH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GOVERNANCE INDICATORS GOVERNMENT ACTION GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH POTENTIAL GROWTH RATE GROWTH RATES HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RESOURCE INCOME INCOME GROUPS INCOME LEVEL INCOME LEVELS INDEBTEDNESS INDEPENDENT REGULATORY BODY INFLATION INFORMATION SYSTEMS INFRASTRUCTURE INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INSTITUTIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE INSTRUMENT INSURANCE INTEREST PAYMENTS INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INVESTING INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT DECISIONS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEGAL FRAMEWORK LENDERS LENDING INTEREST RATE LIQUIDITY LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL CURRENCY LOSS OF CONFIDENCE LOW INTEREST RATES M3 MACRO-STABILITY MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC POLICIES MACROECONOMIC POLICY MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MACROECONOMIC VOLATILITY MARKET ECONOMY MARKET POWER MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRY MONETARY FUND MONETARY POLICIES MONETARY POLICY MORTGAGE MORTGAGE MARKET NATIONAL SAVING NATURAL MONOPOLY NET EXPORTS NEW MARKET NON-PERFORMING LOANS PENSIONS POLICY CREDIBILITY POLICY DECISIONS POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESPONSES PRICE CHANGES PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRIVATE INVESTMENTS PRIVATE INVESTORS PRIVATIZATION PRODUCERS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC INVESTMENT PUBLIC INVESTMENTS PUBLIC SPENDING PURCHASING POWER RAPID EXPANSION REAL GDP REFORM PROGRAM REGIONAL POWER REGULATOR REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REMITTANCE REMITTANCES RETURN RETURNS RISK MANAGEMENT RULE OF LAW SAVINGS SAVINGS BANK SCARCE CAPITAL SOCIAL PROTECTION SOVEREIGN DEBT STATUTORY REQUIREMENT SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TAX TAX REGIME TAX REVENUES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TRADE BALANCE TRADE DEFICIT TRADING TRANSACTION TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSITION COUNTRIES TRANSITION ECONOMIES TRANSPARENCY UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES VALUE ADDED WAGES WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS World Bank Albania - The New Growth Agenda : A Country Economic Memorandum |
| geographic_facet |
Europe and Central Asia Europe Eastern Europe Albania |
| description |
Since 1998 Albania has experienced an
important transformation that has lifted it into the ranks
of upper middle income countries and has allowed a sharp
reduction in poverty. Growth averaged more than 6 percent
per year between 1998 and 2010, the best performance in
Europe. This helped to reduce absolute poverty by half, with
the headcount rate falling from 25 percent of the population
in 2002 to 12 percent in 2008. The recent period of global
turmoil has dampened growth somewhat but not as sharply as
in many other countries. These challenges suggest the need
for a 'new growth agenda' and this is the central
topic of the report. The report is organized into four
chapters. Chapter one gives a macroeconomic overview,
examines the potential vulnerabilities of the economy and
proposes measures for maintaining macro-financial stability
of the economy. It further elaborates the growth challenges
Albania faces as newly arrived upper middle income country.
Chapter two describes the human capital needs of the new
growth agenda and focuses on education and skills. Chapter
three examines the backbone infrastructure, while the final
chapter addresses the investment climate and factors
influencing the return on investment. The report provides a
diagnosis of some of the key factors likely to drive future
growth but without recommending specific products or areas
for private investment. The report argues instead that the
role of the government in this process is that of
facilitator, removing the obstacles to investment and
helping to provide information and institutions that private
firms require to flourish. |
| format |
Economic & Sector Work :: General Economy, Macroeconomics and Growth Study |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Albania - The New Growth Agenda : A Country Economic Memorandum |
| title_short |
Albania - The New Growth Agenda : A Country Economic Memorandum |
| title_full |
Albania - The New Growth Agenda : A Country Economic Memorandum |
| title_fullStr |
Albania - The New Growth Agenda : A Country Economic Memorandum |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Albania - The New Growth Agenda : A Country Economic Memorandum |
| title_sort |
albania - the new growth agenda : a country economic memorandum |
| publisher |
World Bank |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20101121235513 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2935 |
| _version_ |
1764386188177702912 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-29352021-04-23T14:02:05Z Albania - The New Growth Agenda : A Country Economic Memorandum World Bank ACCOUNTANT ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE DEMAND AGRICULTURE ARREARS AVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY BAILOUT BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BALANCE SHEETS BANK SUPERVISION BANKING SECTOR BANKING SYSTEM BANKRUPTCY BANKRUPTCY LAW BENCHMARK BRAIN DRAIN BROAD MONEY BUDGET DEFICITS BUDGET REVIEW BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CAPITAL ACCOUNT CAPITAL INFLOWS CAPITAL NEEDS CENTRAL BANK COLLATERAL COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES COMPETITIVE MARKET COMPETITIVENESS CONFIDENCE INDEX CONNECTIVITY CONSUMER CREDIT CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING CONTINGENT LIABILITIES CPI CREDIT GROWTH CREDIT RISK CRITICAL MASS CURRENCY CURRENCY DEPRECIATION CURRENCY MISMATCH CURRENCY MISMATCHES CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT DEBT DEBT LEVELS DEBT RATIO DEBT RATIOS DEBT REDUCTION DEBTOR DEPOSIT DEPOSIT INTEREST DEPOSITS DEVALUATION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING MARKET DOMESTIC BORROWING DOMESTIC CREDIT ECONOMETRIC ESTIMATES ECONOMIC BOOM ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC OUTLOOK ECONOMIC PROGRESS ECONOMIC SITUATION EFFECTIVE USE ELASTICITY ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS EMERGING MARKETS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENTERPRISE PERFORMANCE ENVIRONMENTS EQUIPMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE MOVEMENTS EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORTERS EXPORTS EXTERNAL FUNDING FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL DISTRESS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL MARKETS FINANCIAL SECTOR FINANCIAL STABILITY FINANCIAL SYSTEM FISCAL DISCIPLINE FISCAL POLICY FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE FORECASTS FOREIGN CURRENCY FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN FINANCING FOREIGN FUNDS FOREIGN INVESTORS FUTURE GROWTH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GOVERNANCE INDICATORS GOVERNMENT ACTION GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH POTENTIAL GROWTH RATE GROWTH RATES HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RESOURCE INCOME INCOME GROUPS INCOME LEVEL INCOME LEVELS INDEBTEDNESS INDEPENDENT REGULATORY BODY INFLATION INFORMATION SYSTEMS INFRASTRUCTURE INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INSTITUTIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE INSTRUMENT INSURANCE INTEREST PAYMENTS INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INVESTING INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT DECISIONS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEGAL FRAMEWORK LENDERS LENDING INTEREST RATE LIQUIDITY LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL CURRENCY LOSS OF CONFIDENCE LOW INTEREST RATES M3 MACRO-STABILITY MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC POLICIES MACROECONOMIC POLICY MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MACROECONOMIC VOLATILITY MARKET ECONOMY MARKET POWER MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRY MONETARY FUND MONETARY POLICIES MONETARY POLICY MORTGAGE MORTGAGE MARKET NATIONAL SAVING NATURAL MONOPOLY NET EXPORTS NEW MARKET NON-PERFORMING LOANS PENSIONS POLICY CREDIBILITY POLICY DECISIONS POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESPONSES PRICE CHANGES PRIVATE INVESTMENT PRIVATE INVESTMENTS PRIVATE INVESTORS PRIVATIZATION PRODUCERS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC FUNDS PUBLIC INVESTMENT PUBLIC INVESTMENTS PUBLIC SPENDING PURCHASING POWER RAPID EXPANSION REAL GDP REFORM PROGRAM REGIONAL POWER REGULATOR REGULATORY FRAMEWORK REMITTANCE REMITTANCES RETURN RETURNS RISK MANAGEMENT RULE OF LAW SAVINGS SAVINGS BANK SCARCE CAPITAL SOCIAL PROTECTION SOVEREIGN DEBT STATUTORY REQUIREMENT SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TAX TAX REGIME TAX REVENUES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TRADE BALANCE TRADE DEFICIT TRADING TRANSACTION TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSITION COUNTRIES TRANSITION ECONOMIES TRANSPARENCY UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES VALUE ADDED WAGES WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS Since 1998 Albania has experienced an important transformation that has lifted it into the ranks of upper middle income countries and has allowed a sharp reduction in poverty. Growth averaged more than 6 percent per year between 1998 and 2010, the best performance in Europe. This helped to reduce absolute poverty by half, with the headcount rate falling from 25 percent of the population in 2002 to 12 percent in 2008. The recent period of global turmoil has dampened growth somewhat but not as sharply as in many other countries. These challenges suggest the need for a 'new growth agenda' and this is the central topic of the report. The report is organized into four chapters. Chapter one gives a macroeconomic overview, examines the potential vulnerabilities of the economy and proposes measures for maintaining macro-financial stability of the economy. It further elaborates the growth challenges Albania faces as newly arrived upper middle income country. Chapter two describes the human capital needs of the new growth agenda and focuses on education and skills. Chapter three examines the backbone infrastructure, while the final chapter addresses the investment climate and factors influencing the return on investment. The report provides a diagnosis of some of the key factors likely to drive future growth but without recommending specific products or areas for private investment. The report argues instead that the role of the government in this process is that of facilitator, removing the obstacles to investment and helping to provide information and institutions that private firms require to flourish. 2012-03-19T10:25:05Z 2012-03-19T10:25:05Z 2010-11-02 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20101121235513 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2935 English CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank Economic & Sector Work :: General Economy, Macroeconomics and Growth Study Europe and Central Asia Europe Eastern Europe Albania |