Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Australia and New Zealand

In 1990, Australia and New Zealand were ranked around 25th and 37th in terms of Gross National Product (GNP) per capita, having been the highest-income countries in the world one hundred years earlier. Those countries relatively poor economic growt...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Anderson, Kym, Lattimore, Ralph, Lloyd, Peter, MacLaren, Donald
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2017
Subjects:	ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE ADJUSTMENT POLICIES ADVANCED ECONOMIES AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL MARKETING AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE ANIMAL HEALTH ANIMAL PRODUCTS ARABLE LAND BARLEY BINDING CONSTRAINT BUYING POWER CAPITAL ACCOUNT CAPITAL ACCOUNTS CAPITAL STOCKS CETERIS PARIBUS CLIMATIC CONDITIONS COMMAND ECONOMY COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICE COMMODITY PRICES COMMODITY TAXES COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES COMPETITION POLICY COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMERS CORPORATION DAIRY FARMERS DAIRY PRODUCTS DAIRY SECTOR DEBT DEPRESSION DEREGULATION DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPING COUNTRY CONTEXT DEVELOPING ECONOMIES DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DISTORTED INCENTIVES DIVIDEND DIVIDENDS DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC PRICE DOMESTIC PRICES DUMPING ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC CHANGE ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC EFFECTS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC HISTORIANS ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC REFORM ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC RELATIONS ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMIC WELFARE ELASTICITIES ENERGY RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY EQUILIBRIUM EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE REGIME EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPLOITATION EXPORT MARKET EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT SECTOR EXPORT SECTORS EXPORTS EXTENSION EXTENSION SERVICES EXTERNALITY FACTION FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FARMERS FARMS FEED FINANCIAL SECTOR FISCAL DEFICITS FISCAL POLICY FOOD PROCESSING FOOD PRODUCTS FORECASTS FOREIGN CURRENCY FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN TRADE FORESTRY FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT GDP GDP PER CAPITA GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS GLOBALIZATION GNP GNP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS GROSS VALUE GROWTH RATE HORTICULTURAL CROPS IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORT QUOTAS INCOME TAX INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES INDUSTRIAL COUNTRY INFLATION INPUT USE INTEGRATION INTEREST GROUP INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATES INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY INTERNATIONAL FINANCE INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAND DEVELOPMENT LIVESTOCK LIVING STANDARDS LOGGING MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY MARGINAL PRODUCT MARKET ACCESS MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET ECONOMIES MARKET FAILURE MARKET PRICES MARKET STRUCTURE MARKETING MONETARY POLICY MONOPOLY MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL INCOME NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL RESOURCES NET EXPORTS NEW TECHNOLOGIES OIL OUTPUTS PER CAPITA INCOME PER CAPITA INCOMES POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL PARTY PREFERENTIAL ACCESS PRICE DISCRIMINATION PRICE LEVELS PRIVATIZATION PRODUCERS PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROTECTIONISM PUBLIC POLICY QUOTAS R&D RAPID GROWTH RATE OF GROWTH REAL WAGES REGULATOR REGULATORY BODY RESERVE BANK RESOURCE ALLOCATION RESOURCE USE RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE SAVINGS SMALL ECONOMIES SPECIALIZATION STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT STRUCTURAL CHANGE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TARIFF BARRIERS TAX TAXATION TELECOMMUNICATIONS TERMS OF TRADE TEXTILES THEORY OF POLITICAL ECONOMY TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TREASURY UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE URUGUAY ROUND VALUE ADDED WELFARE ECONOMICS WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS WORLD ECONOMY WORLD MARKET WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/404111468180902679/Main-report http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28184

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Summary:	In 1990, Australia and New Zealand were ranked around 25th and 37th in terms of Gross National Product (GNP) per capita, having been the highest-income countries in the world one hundred years earlier. Those countries relatively poor economic growth performance over that long period contrasts markedly with that of the past 15 years, when these two economies out-performed most other high-income countries. This difference in growth performance is due to major economic policy reforms during the past two to three decades, both at and behind the border. The report provide new evidence on the extent of governmental distortions to agricultural incentives in particular in the Australian and New Zealand economies since the late 1940s, both directly due to agricultural policies per se and indirectly (and negatively) through protection to manufacturing.

Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Australia and New Zealand

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