Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina
Using the most recent estimates of agricultural price distortions, this chapter studies the economic, poverty, and income inequality impacts of both global and domestic trade reform in Argentina, with a special focus on export taxes. Argentina offe...
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Format: | Working Paper |
Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2017
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Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/504531468004766639/Impacts-of-trade-liberalization-on-poverty-and-inequality-in-Argentina http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28170 |
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Digital Repository |
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Foreign Institution |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
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World Bank |
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English en_US |
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ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE DEMAND AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS AGRICULTURAL GROWTH AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE BANKING CRISES BANKING SYSTEM BASE YEAR CAPITAL THEORY CASH TRANSFERS CENTRAL BANK COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICES COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE RATE COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONVERTIBILITY PLAN CURRENCY CURRENCY BOARD CURRENCY BOARD ARRANGEMENT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS DEBT DEBT PAYMENTS DEBTS DEMAND CURVE DEMAND CURVES DEMOGRAPHIC DEPOSITS DEVALUATION DEVALUATIONS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT PATH DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DOMESTIC CURRENCY DOMESTIC PRICE DOMESTIC PRICES ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC CRISES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC SITUATION ECONOMIC STAGNATION ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ELASTICITY EMPLOYMENT MULTIPLIER EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EQUILIBRIUM EQUIPMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXPENDITURES EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT TAXES EXPORTER EXPORTS EXTERNAL DEBT EXTERNAL DEBTS EXTERNAL SHOCKS EXTERNAL TRADE EXTREME POVERTY FACTOR MARKETS FACTOR PRICES FINANCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL SYSTEM FISCAL CONSOLIDATION FISCAL DEFICIT FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FREE TRADE FULL EMPLOYMENT GDP GDP DEFLATOR GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GINI COEFFICIENT GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL TRADE GLOBALIZATION GROWTH EFFECT GROWTH ELASTICITY GROWTH RATES HIGH GROWTH HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HIGH VOLATILITY HOLDINGS HOUSEHOLD DATA HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME INCOME DATA INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME EFFECT INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME TAX INCOME TAXES INCREASE POVERTY INDEBTEDNESS INDUSTRIALIZATION INEQUALITY RESULTS INFLATION INNOVATION INSTRUMENT INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL MARKETS LABOR DEMAND LABOR MARKET LEVEL OF INFLATION LIBERALIZATIONS MACROECONOMIC CRISES MACROECONOMIC EFFECTS MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES MACROECONOMIC VULNERABILITY MARGINAL PROPENSITY MARKET PRICES MARKET WAGES MICRO MODEL MONETARY POLICY MONOPOLY MULTILATERAL TRADE MULTIPLIER EFFECTS NATIONAL ACCOUNTS NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NEGATIVE EFFECT NEGATIVE IMPACT NOMINAL WAGES OIL PRICES OVERVALUATION OVERVALUED EXCHANGE OVERVALUED EXCHANGE RATES PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS PER CAPITA INCOME PER CAPITA INCOMES POLICY ANALYSIS POLICY CHANGE POLICY DEBATE POLICY INTERVENTIONS POLICY REFORMS POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POSITIVE EFFECTS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY IMPACT POVERTY INCREASES POVERTY LINES POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION PRICE DISTORTIONS PRICE INCREASES PRIMARY PRODUCTS PRO-POOR PRO-POOR GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC SECTOR REAL EXCHANGE RATE REAL GDP REAL WAGES REDUCING INEQUALITY REFORM PROGRAM RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RELATIVE PRICES RENEGOTIATION RESERVES RESIGNATION RETIREMENT RETIREMENT SYSTEM RETURNS SAFETY SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SECTORAL COMPOSITION SEMISKILLED LABOR SMALL COUNTRY SOCIAL SECURITY TAX TAX RATE TAX RATES TAX REGIME TAX REVENUES TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION TRADE BALANCE TRADE LAW TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE OPENNESS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE REFORMS TRADE TAX TRUST FUNDS TURNOVER UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNSKILLED LABOR URBAN AREAS VALUE ADDED VOLATILITY WAGES WORLD MARKET WORLD TRADE WTO |
spellingShingle |
ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE DEMAND AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS AGRICULTURAL GROWTH AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE BANKING CRISES BANKING SYSTEM BASE YEAR CAPITAL THEORY CASH TRANSFERS CENTRAL BANK COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICES COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE RATE COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONVERTIBILITY PLAN CURRENCY CURRENCY BOARD CURRENCY BOARD ARRANGEMENT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS DEBT DEBT PAYMENTS DEBTS DEMAND CURVE DEMAND CURVES DEMOGRAPHIC DEPOSITS DEVALUATION DEVALUATIONS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT PATH DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DOMESTIC CURRENCY DOMESTIC PRICE DOMESTIC PRICES ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC CRISES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC SITUATION ECONOMIC STAGNATION ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ELASTICITY EMPLOYMENT MULTIPLIER EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EQUILIBRIUM EQUIPMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXPENDITURES EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT TAXES EXPORTER EXPORTS EXTERNAL DEBT EXTERNAL DEBTS EXTERNAL SHOCKS EXTERNAL TRADE EXTREME POVERTY FACTOR MARKETS FACTOR PRICES FINANCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL SYSTEM FISCAL CONSOLIDATION FISCAL DEFICIT FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FREE TRADE FULL EMPLOYMENT GDP GDP DEFLATOR GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GINI COEFFICIENT GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL TRADE GLOBALIZATION GROWTH EFFECT GROWTH ELASTICITY GROWTH RATES HIGH GROWTH HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HIGH VOLATILITY HOLDINGS HOUSEHOLD DATA HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME INCOME DATA INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME EFFECT INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME TAX INCOME TAXES INCREASE POVERTY INDEBTEDNESS INDUSTRIALIZATION INEQUALITY RESULTS INFLATION INNOVATION INSTRUMENT INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL MARKETS LABOR DEMAND LABOR MARKET LEVEL OF INFLATION LIBERALIZATIONS MACROECONOMIC CRISES MACROECONOMIC EFFECTS MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES MACROECONOMIC VULNERABILITY MARGINAL PROPENSITY MARKET PRICES MARKET WAGES MICRO MODEL MONETARY POLICY MONOPOLY MULTILATERAL TRADE MULTIPLIER EFFECTS NATIONAL ACCOUNTS NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NEGATIVE EFFECT NEGATIVE IMPACT NOMINAL WAGES OIL PRICES OVERVALUATION OVERVALUED EXCHANGE OVERVALUED EXCHANGE RATES PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS PER CAPITA INCOME PER CAPITA INCOMES POLICY ANALYSIS POLICY CHANGE POLICY DEBATE POLICY INTERVENTIONS POLICY REFORMS POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POSITIVE EFFECTS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY IMPACT POVERTY INCREASES POVERTY LINES POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION PRICE DISTORTIONS PRICE INCREASES PRIMARY PRODUCTS PRO-POOR PRO-POOR GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC SECTOR REAL EXCHANGE RATE REAL GDP REAL WAGES REDUCING INEQUALITY REFORM PROGRAM RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RELATIVE PRICES RENEGOTIATION RESERVES RESIGNATION RETIREMENT RETIREMENT SYSTEM RETURNS SAFETY SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SECTORAL COMPOSITION SEMISKILLED LABOR SMALL COUNTRY SOCIAL SECURITY TAX TAX RATE TAX RATES TAX REGIME TAX REVENUES TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION TRADE BALANCE TRADE LAW TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE OPENNESS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE REFORMS TRADE TAX TRUST FUNDS TURNOVER UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNSKILLED LABOR URBAN AREAS VALUE ADDED VOLATILITY WAGES WORLD MARKET WORLD TRADE WTO Cicowiez, Martín Díaz-Bonilla, Carolina Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina |
geographic_facet |
Latin America & Caribbean Argentina |
relation |
Agricultural Distortions Working Paper;105 |
description |
Using the most recent estimates of
agricultural price distortions, this chapter studies the
economic, poverty, and income inequality impacts of both
global and domestic trade reform in Argentina, with a
special focus on export taxes. Argentina offers an
interesting case study as the only large agricultural
exporter that has, at many points in its history, applied
export taxes to several of its agricultural products. The
chapter combines results from a global economy-wide model
(World Bank's linkage model), a national computable
general equilibrium (CGE) model, and micro-simulations. The
results suggest that liberalization of world trade
(including subsidies and import taxes, but not export
taxes), both for agricultural and non-agricultural goods,
reduces poverty and inequality in Argentina. However, if
only agricultural goods are included, indicators for poverty
and inequality do not improve and even deteriorate somewhat.
This is particularly the case if export taxes are
eliminated. The chapter discusses the possible reasons for
those results, offers some caveats, and suggests some lines
for further research. |
format |
Working Paper |
author |
Cicowiez, Martín Díaz-Bonilla, Carolina Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio |
author_facet |
Cicowiez, Martín Díaz-Bonilla, Carolina Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio |
author_sort |
Cicowiez, Martín |
title |
Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina |
title_short |
Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina |
title_full |
Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina |
title_fullStr |
Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina |
title_sort |
impacts of trade liberalization on poverty and inequality in argentina |
publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/504531468004766639/Impacts-of-trade-liberalization-on-poverty-and-inequality-in-Argentina http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28170 |
_version_ |
1764465439695437824 |
spelling |
okr-10986-281702021-04-23T14:04:45Z Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina Cicowiez, Martín Díaz-Bonilla, Carolina Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE DEMAND AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS AGRICULTURAL GROWTH AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE BANKING CRISES BANKING SYSTEM BASE YEAR CAPITAL THEORY CASH TRANSFERS CENTRAL BANK COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICES COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE RATE COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONVERTIBILITY PLAN CURRENCY CURRENCY BOARD CURRENCY BOARD ARRANGEMENT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS DEBT DEBT PAYMENTS DEBTS DEMAND CURVE DEMAND CURVES DEMOGRAPHIC DEPOSITS DEVALUATION DEVALUATIONS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT PATH DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DOMESTIC CURRENCY DOMESTIC PRICE DOMESTIC PRICES ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC CRISES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC SITUATION ECONOMIC STAGNATION ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ELASTICITY EMPLOYMENT MULTIPLIER EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EQUILIBRIUM EQUIPMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXPENDITURES EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT TAXES EXPORTER EXPORTS EXTERNAL DEBT EXTERNAL DEBTS EXTERNAL SHOCKS EXTERNAL TRADE EXTREME POVERTY FACTOR MARKETS FACTOR PRICES FINANCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL SYSTEM FISCAL CONSOLIDATION FISCAL DEFICIT FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FREE TRADE FULL EMPLOYMENT GDP GDP DEFLATOR GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GINI COEFFICIENT GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL TRADE GLOBALIZATION GROWTH EFFECT GROWTH ELASTICITY GROWTH RATES HIGH GROWTH HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HIGH VOLATILITY HOLDINGS HOUSEHOLD DATA HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME INCOME DATA INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME EFFECT INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME TAX INCOME TAXES INCREASE POVERTY INDEBTEDNESS INDUSTRIALIZATION INEQUALITY RESULTS INFLATION INNOVATION INSTRUMENT INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL MARKETS LABOR DEMAND LABOR MARKET LEVEL OF INFLATION LIBERALIZATIONS MACROECONOMIC CRISES MACROECONOMIC EFFECTS MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES MACROECONOMIC VULNERABILITY MARGINAL PROPENSITY MARKET PRICES MARKET WAGES MICRO MODEL MONETARY POLICY MONOPOLY MULTILATERAL TRADE MULTIPLIER EFFECTS NATIONAL ACCOUNTS NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NEGATIVE EFFECT NEGATIVE IMPACT NOMINAL WAGES OIL PRICES OVERVALUATION OVERVALUED EXCHANGE OVERVALUED EXCHANGE RATES PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS PER CAPITA INCOME PER CAPITA INCOMES POLICY ANALYSIS POLICY CHANGE POLICY DEBATE POLICY INTERVENTIONS POLICY REFORMS POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POSITIVE EFFECTS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY IMPACT POVERTY INCREASES POVERTY LINES POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION PRICE DISTORTIONS PRICE INCREASES PRIMARY PRODUCTS PRO-POOR PRO-POOR GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC SECTOR REAL EXCHANGE RATE REAL GDP REAL WAGES REDUCING INEQUALITY REFORM PROGRAM RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RELATIVE PRICES RENEGOTIATION RESERVES RESIGNATION RETIREMENT RETIREMENT SYSTEM RETURNS SAFETY SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SECTORAL COMPOSITION SEMISKILLED LABOR SMALL COUNTRY SOCIAL SECURITY TAX TAX RATE TAX RATES TAX REGIME TAX REVENUES TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION TRADE BALANCE TRADE LAW TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE OPENNESS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE REFORMS TRADE TAX TRUST FUNDS TURNOVER UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNSKILLED LABOR URBAN AREAS VALUE ADDED VOLATILITY WAGES WORLD MARKET WORLD TRADE WTO Using the most recent estimates of agricultural price distortions, this chapter studies the economic, poverty, and income inequality impacts of both global and domestic trade reform in Argentina, with a special focus on export taxes. Argentina offers an interesting case study as the only large agricultural exporter that has, at many points in its history, applied export taxes to several of its agricultural products. The chapter combines results from a global economy-wide model (World Bank's linkage model), a national computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, and micro-simulations. The results suggest that liberalization of world trade (including subsidies and import taxes, but not export taxes), both for agricultural and non-agricultural goods, reduces poverty and inequality in Argentina. However, if only agricultural goods are included, indicators for poverty and inequality do not improve and even deteriorate somewhat. This is particularly the case if export taxes are eliminated. The chapter discusses the possible reasons for those results, offers some caveats, and suggests some lines for further research. 2017-09-07T17:51:27Z 2017-09-07T17:51:27Z 2009-06 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/504531468004766639/Impacts-of-trade-liberalization-on-poverty-and-inequality-in-Argentina http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28170 English en_US Agricultural Distortions Working Paper;105 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research Latin America & Caribbean Argentina |