Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina

Using the most recent estimates of agricultural price distortions, this chapter studies the economic, poverty, and income inequality impacts of both global and domestic trade reform in Argentina, with a special focus on export taxes. Argentina offe...

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Main Authors: Cicowiez, Martín, Díaz-Bonilla, Carolina, Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio
Format: Working Paper
Language:English
en_US
Published: World Bank, Washington, DC 2017
Subjects:
GDP
TAX
WTO
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/504531468004766639/Impacts-of-trade-liberalization-on-poverty-and-inequality-in-Argentina
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28170
id okr-10986-28170
recordtype oai_dc
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
en_US
topic ACCOUNTING
AGGREGATE DEMAND
AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS
AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
AGRICULTURAL TRADE
AGRICULTURE
BANKING CRISES
BANKING SYSTEM
BASE YEAR
CAPITAL THEORY
CASH TRANSFERS
CENTRAL BANK
COMMODITIES
COMMODITY
COMMODITY PRICES
COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE
COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE RATE
COMPETITIVENESS
CONSUMER PRICE INDEX
CONVERTIBILITY PLAN
CURRENCY
CURRENCY BOARD
CURRENCY BOARD ARRANGEMENT
CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT
CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS
DEBT
DEBT PAYMENTS
DEBTS
DEMAND CURVE
DEMAND CURVES
DEMOGRAPHIC
DEPOSITS
DEVALUATION
DEVALUATIONS
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
DEVELOPING COUNTRY
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
DEVELOPMENT PATH
DEVELOPMENT POLICY
DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
DOMESTIC CURRENCY
DOMESTIC PRICE
DOMESTIC PRICES
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
ECONOMIC CRISES
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC HISTORY
ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
ECONOMIC SITUATION
ECONOMIC STAGNATION
ECONOMIC STRUCTURE
ELASTICITY
EMPLOYMENT MULTIPLIER
EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
EQUILIBRIUM
EQUIPMENT
EXCHANGE RATE
EXPENDITURES
EXPORT MARKETS
EXPORT TAXES
EXPORTER
EXPORTS
EXTERNAL DEBT
EXTERNAL DEBTS
EXTERNAL SHOCKS
EXTERNAL TRADE
EXTREME POVERTY
FACTOR MARKETS
FACTOR PRICES
FINANCIAL SERVICES
FINANCIAL SYSTEM
FISCAL CONSOLIDATION
FISCAL DEFICIT
FOOD PRICE
FOOD PRICES
FREE TRADE
FULL EMPLOYMENT
GDP
GDP DEFLATOR
GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
GINI COEFFICIENT
GLOBAL ECONOMY
GLOBAL TRADE
GLOBALIZATION
GROWTH EFFECT
GROWTH ELASTICITY
GROWTH RATES
HIGH GROWTH
HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT
HIGH VOLATILITY
HOLDINGS
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HUMAN CAPITAL
IMPORT TARIFFS
INCOME
INCOME DATA
INCOME DISTRIBUTION
INCOME EFFECT
INCOME INEQUALITY
INCOME TAX
INCOME TAXES
INCREASE POVERTY
INDEBTEDNESS
INDUSTRIALIZATION
INEQUALITY RESULTS
INFLATION
INNOVATION
INSTRUMENT
INTEREST RATES
INTERNATIONAL MARKETS
LABOR DEMAND
LABOR MARKET
LEVEL OF INFLATION
LIBERALIZATIONS
MACROECONOMIC CRISES
MACROECONOMIC EFFECTS
MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES
MACROECONOMIC VULNERABILITY
MARGINAL PROPENSITY
MARKET PRICES
MARKET WAGES
MICRO MODEL
MONETARY POLICY
MONOPOLY
MULTILATERAL TRADE
MULTIPLIER EFFECTS
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
NATIONAL POVERTY LINE
NEGATIVE EFFECT
NEGATIVE IMPACT
NOMINAL WAGES
OIL PRICES
OVERVALUATION
OVERVALUED EXCHANGE
OVERVALUED EXCHANGE RATES
PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS
PER CAPITA INCOME
PER CAPITA INCOMES
POLICY ANALYSIS
POLICY CHANGE
POLICY DEBATE
POLICY INTERVENTIONS
POLICY REFORMS
POLICY RESEARCH
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POSITIVE EFFECTS
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
POVERTY IMPACT
POVERTY INCREASES
POVERTY LINES
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
PRICE DISTORTIONS
PRICE INCREASES
PRIMARY PRODUCTS
PRO-POOR
PRO-POOR GROWTH
PRODUCTIVITY
PUBLIC DEBT
PUBLIC EXPENDITURES
PUBLIC SECTOR
REAL EXCHANGE RATE
REAL GDP
REAL WAGES
REDUCING INEQUALITY
REFORM PROGRAM
RELATIVE IMPORTANCE
RELATIVE PRICES
RENEGOTIATION
RESERVES
RESIGNATION
RETIREMENT
RETIREMENT SYSTEM
RETURNS
SAFETY
SAFETY NETS
SAVINGS
SECTORAL COMPOSITION
SEMISKILLED LABOR
SMALL COUNTRY
SOCIAL SECURITY
TAX
TAX RATE
TAX RATES
TAX REGIME
TAX REVENUES
TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
TRADE BALANCE
TRADE LAW
TRADE LIBERALIZATION
TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
TRADE OPENNESS
TRADE POLICIES
TRADE POLICY
TRADE REFORMS
TRADE TAX
TRUST FUNDS
TURNOVER
UNEMPLOYED
UNEMPLOYED WORKERS
UNEMPLOYMENT
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
UNSKILLED LABOR
URBAN AREAS
VALUE ADDED
VOLATILITY
WAGES
WORLD MARKET
WORLD TRADE
WTO
spellingShingle ACCOUNTING
AGGREGATE DEMAND
AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS
AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
AGRICULTURAL TRADE
AGRICULTURE
BANKING CRISES
BANKING SYSTEM
BASE YEAR
CAPITAL THEORY
CASH TRANSFERS
CENTRAL BANK
COMMODITIES
COMMODITY
COMMODITY PRICES
COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE
COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE RATE
COMPETITIVENESS
CONSUMER PRICE INDEX
CONVERTIBILITY PLAN
CURRENCY
CURRENCY BOARD
CURRENCY BOARD ARRANGEMENT
CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT
CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS
DEBT
DEBT PAYMENTS
DEBTS
DEMAND CURVE
DEMAND CURVES
DEMOGRAPHIC
DEPOSITS
DEVALUATION
DEVALUATIONS
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
DEVELOPING COUNTRY
DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
DEVELOPMENT PATH
DEVELOPMENT POLICY
DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
DOMESTIC CURRENCY
DOMESTIC PRICE
DOMESTIC PRICES
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
ECONOMIC CRISES
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC HISTORY
ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
ECONOMIC SITUATION
ECONOMIC STAGNATION
ECONOMIC STRUCTURE
ELASTICITY
EMPLOYMENT MULTIPLIER
EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
EQUILIBRIUM
EQUIPMENT
EXCHANGE RATE
EXPENDITURES
EXPORT MARKETS
EXPORT TAXES
EXPORTER
EXPORTS
EXTERNAL DEBT
EXTERNAL DEBTS
EXTERNAL SHOCKS
EXTERNAL TRADE
EXTREME POVERTY
FACTOR MARKETS
FACTOR PRICES
FINANCIAL SERVICES
FINANCIAL SYSTEM
FISCAL CONSOLIDATION
FISCAL DEFICIT
FOOD PRICE
FOOD PRICES
FREE TRADE
FULL EMPLOYMENT
GDP
GDP DEFLATOR
GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM
GINI COEFFICIENT
GLOBAL ECONOMY
GLOBAL TRADE
GLOBALIZATION
GROWTH EFFECT
GROWTH ELASTICITY
GROWTH RATES
HIGH GROWTH
HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT
HIGH VOLATILITY
HOLDINGS
HOUSEHOLD DATA
HUMAN CAPITAL
IMPORT TARIFFS
INCOME
INCOME DATA
INCOME DISTRIBUTION
INCOME EFFECT
INCOME INEQUALITY
INCOME TAX
INCOME TAXES
INCREASE POVERTY
INDEBTEDNESS
INDUSTRIALIZATION
INEQUALITY RESULTS
INFLATION
INNOVATION
INSTRUMENT
INTEREST RATES
INTERNATIONAL MARKETS
LABOR DEMAND
LABOR MARKET
LEVEL OF INFLATION
LIBERALIZATIONS
MACROECONOMIC CRISES
MACROECONOMIC EFFECTS
MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES
MACROECONOMIC VULNERABILITY
MARGINAL PROPENSITY
MARKET PRICES
MARKET WAGES
MICRO MODEL
MONETARY POLICY
MONOPOLY
MULTILATERAL TRADE
MULTIPLIER EFFECTS
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS
NATIONAL POVERTY LINE
NEGATIVE EFFECT
NEGATIVE IMPACT
NOMINAL WAGES
OIL PRICES
OVERVALUATION
OVERVALUED EXCHANGE
OVERVALUED EXCHANGE RATES
PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS
PER CAPITA INCOME
PER CAPITA INCOMES
POLICY ANALYSIS
POLICY CHANGE
POLICY DEBATE
POLICY INTERVENTIONS
POLICY REFORMS
POLICY RESEARCH
POLITICAL ECONOMY
POSITIVE EFFECTS
POVERTY ALLEVIATION
POVERTY IMPACT
POVERTY INCREASES
POVERTY LINES
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
PRICE DISTORTIONS
PRICE INCREASES
PRIMARY PRODUCTS
PRO-POOR
PRO-POOR GROWTH
PRODUCTIVITY
PUBLIC DEBT
PUBLIC EXPENDITURES
PUBLIC SECTOR
REAL EXCHANGE RATE
REAL GDP
REAL WAGES
REDUCING INEQUALITY
REFORM PROGRAM
RELATIVE IMPORTANCE
RELATIVE PRICES
RENEGOTIATION
RESERVES
RESIGNATION
RETIREMENT
RETIREMENT SYSTEM
RETURNS
SAFETY
SAFETY NETS
SAVINGS
SECTORAL COMPOSITION
SEMISKILLED LABOR
SMALL COUNTRY
SOCIAL SECURITY
TAX
TAX RATE
TAX RATES
TAX REGIME
TAX REVENUES
TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
TRADE BALANCE
TRADE LAW
TRADE LIBERALIZATION
TRADE NEGOTIATIONS
TRADE OPENNESS
TRADE POLICIES
TRADE POLICY
TRADE REFORMS
TRADE TAX
TRUST FUNDS
TURNOVER
UNEMPLOYED
UNEMPLOYED WORKERS
UNEMPLOYMENT
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
UNSKILLED LABOR
URBAN AREAS
VALUE ADDED
VOLATILITY
WAGES
WORLD MARKET
WORLD TRADE
WTO
Cicowiez, Martín
Díaz-Bonilla, Carolina
Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio
Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina
geographic_facet Latin America & Caribbean
Argentina
relation Agricultural Distortions Working Paper;105
description Using the most recent estimates of agricultural price distortions, this chapter studies the economic, poverty, and income inequality impacts of both global and domestic trade reform in Argentina, with a special focus on export taxes. Argentina offers an interesting case study as the only large agricultural exporter that has, at many points in its history, applied export taxes to several of its agricultural products. The chapter combines results from a global economy-wide model (World Bank's linkage model), a national computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, and micro-simulations. The results suggest that liberalization of world trade (including subsidies and import taxes, but not export taxes), both for agricultural and non-agricultural goods, reduces poverty and inequality in Argentina. However, if only agricultural goods are included, indicators for poverty and inequality do not improve and even deteriorate somewhat. This is particularly the case if export taxes are eliminated. The chapter discusses the possible reasons for those results, offers some caveats, and suggests some lines for further research.
format Working Paper
author Cicowiez, Martín
Díaz-Bonilla, Carolina
Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio
author_facet Cicowiez, Martín
Díaz-Bonilla, Carolina
Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio
author_sort Cicowiez, Martín
title Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina
title_short Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina
title_full Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina
title_fullStr Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina
title_full_unstemmed Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina
title_sort impacts of trade liberalization on poverty and inequality in argentina
publisher World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate 2017
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/504531468004766639/Impacts-of-trade-liberalization-on-poverty-and-inequality-in-Argentina
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28170
_version_ 1764465439695437824
spelling okr-10986-281702021-04-23T14:04:45Z Impacts of Trade Liberalization on Poverty and Inequality in Argentina Cicowiez, Martín Díaz-Bonilla, Carolina Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio ACCOUNTING AGGREGATE DEMAND AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS AGRICULTURAL GROWTH AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE BANKING CRISES BANKING SYSTEM BASE YEAR CAPITAL THEORY CASH TRANSFERS CENTRAL BANK COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICES COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE RATE COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONVERTIBILITY PLAN CURRENCY CURRENCY BOARD CURRENCY BOARD ARRANGEMENT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITS DEBT DEBT PAYMENTS DEBTS DEMAND CURVE DEMAND CURVES DEMOGRAPHIC DEPOSITS DEVALUATION DEVALUATIONS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT PATH DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DOMESTIC CURRENCY DOMESTIC PRICE DOMESTIC PRICES ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ECONOMIC CRISES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC HISTORY ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC SITUATION ECONOMIC STAGNATION ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ELASTICITY EMPLOYMENT MULTIPLIER EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EQUILIBRIUM EQUIPMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXPENDITURES EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT TAXES EXPORTER EXPORTS EXTERNAL DEBT EXTERNAL DEBTS EXTERNAL SHOCKS EXTERNAL TRADE EXTREME POVERTY FACTOR MARKETS FACTOR PRICES FINANCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL SYSTEM FISCAL CONSOLIDATION FISCAL DEFICIT FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FREE TRADE FULL EMPLOYMENT GDP GDP DEFLATOR GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GINI COEFFICIENT GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL TRADE GLOBALIZATION GROWTH EFFECT GROWTH ELASTICITY GROWTH RATES HIGH GROWTH HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HIGH VOLATILITY HOLDINGS HOUSEHOLD DATA HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME INCOME DATA INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME EFFECT INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME TAX INCOME TAXES INCREASE POVERTY INDEBTEDNESS INDUSTRIALIZATION INEQUALITY RESULTS INFLATION INNOVATION INSTRUMENT INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL MARKETS LABOR DEMAND LABOR MARKET LEVEL OF INFLATION LIBERALIZATIONS MACROECONOMIC CRISES MACROECONOMIC EFFECTS MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES MACROECONOMIC VULNERABILITY MARGINAL PROPENSITY MARKET PRICES MARKET WAGES MICRO MODEL MONETARY POLICY MONOPOLY MULTILATERAL TRADE MULTIPLIER EFFECTS NATIONAL ACCOUNTS NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NEGATIVE EFFECT NEGATIVE IMPACT NOMINAL WAGES OIL PRICES OVERVALUATION OVERVALUED EXCHANGE OVERVALUED EXCHANGE RATES PARTIAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS PER CAPITA INCOME PER CAPITA INCOMES POLICY ANALYSIS POLICY CHANGE POLICY DEBATE POLICY INTERVENTIONS POLICY REFORMS POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POSITIVE EFFECTS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY IMPACT POVERTY INCREASES POVERTY LINES POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION PRICE DISTORTIONS PRICE INCREASES PRIMARY PRODUCTS PRO-POOR PRO-POOR GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC SECTOR REAL EXCHANGE RATE REAL GDP REAL WAGES REDUCING INEQUALITY REFORM PROGRAM RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RELATIVE PRICES RENEGOTIATION RESERVES RESIGNATION RETIREMENT RETIREMENT SYSTEM RETURNS SAFETY SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SECTORAL COMPOSITION SEMISKILLED LABOR SMALL COUNTRY SOCIAL SECURITY TAX TAX RATE TAX RATES TAX REGIME TAX REVENUES TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION TRADE BALANCE TRADE LAW TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE OPENNESS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE REFORMS TRADE TAX TRUST FUNDS TURNOVER UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNSKILLED LABOR URBAN AREAS VALUE ADDED VOLATILITY WAGES WORLD MARKET WORLD TRADE WTO Using the most recent estimates of agricultural price distortions, this chapter studies the economic, poverty, and income inequality impacts of both global and domestic trade reform in Argentina, with a special focus on export taxes. Argentina offers an interesting case study as the only large agricultural exporter that has, at many points in its history, applied export taxes to several of its agricultural products. The chapter combines results from a global economy-wide model (World Bank's linkage model), a national computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, and micro-simulations. The results suggest that liberalization of world trade (including subsidies and import taxes, but not export taxes), both for agricultural and non-agricultural goods, reduces poverty and inequality in Argentina. However, if only agricultural goods are included, indicators for poverty and inequality do not improve and even deteriorate somewhat. This is particularly the case if export taxes are eliminated. The chapter discusses the possible reasons for those results, offers some caveats, and suggests some lines for further research. 2017-09-07T17:51:27Z 2017-09-07T17:51:27Z 2009-06 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/504531468004766639/Impacts-of-trade-liberalization-on-poverty-and-inequality-in-Argentina http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28170 English en_US Agricultural Distortions Working Paper;105 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research Latin America & Caribbean Argentina