Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008

This paper focuses on the political economy of United States (U.S.) farm policy since the Uruguay round trade negotiations concluded in 1994 and established the World Trade Organization (WTO). The continued ability of the powerful farm lobby in the...

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Main Authors:	Orden, David, Blandford, David, Josling, Timothy
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2017
Subjects:	ADVERSE EFFECT AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE AVERAGE YIELDS BIDDING BILATERAL TRADE CANE SUGAR COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICE COMMODITY PRICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMERS CORN CORN PRICES COTTON CROP CROP INSURANCE CROP YIELDS CROPS CULTIVATION DEREGULATION DIRECT PAYMENTS DISTORTIONARY EFFECTS ECONOMIC DOWNTURN ECONOMICS ENERGY CROPS ENERGY PRICES ENTITLEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY EQUILIBRIUM ETHANOL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT CREDIT EXPORTS EXPOSURE FAIR FARM FARM INCOME FARM INCOMES FARMER FARMERS FARMING FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUITS FUTURE PROSPECTS GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS GRAZING HORTICULTURAL CROPS IFPRI INCOME INCOMES INFLATION INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LONG-TERM CONTRACTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET DEMAND MARKET DISTORTIONS MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKETING MONETARY POLICY MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMY OIL OIL PRICES OILSEEDS OUTPUT PEANUTS PLANTING POLICY DECISIONS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL RISKS PRICE LEVEL PRICE LEVELS PRICE MOVEMENTS PRICE SUPPORT PRICE SUPPORTS PRODUCE PRODUCER GROUPS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS QUOTAS SAFETY NET SAVINGS SOYBEANS SPRING STAGFLATION SUGAR SURPLUSES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAX TAX CREDIT TAX CREDITS THIRD WORLD TOBACCO TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY URUGUAY ROUND VEGETABLES VOTERS WHEAT WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO YIELDS
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/252071468167659875/Determinants-of-farm-policies-in-the-United-States-1996-2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28160

id	okr-10986-28160
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-281602021-04-23T14:04:45Z Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008 Orden, David Blandford, David Josling, Timothy ADVERSE EFFECT AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE AVERAGE YIELDS BIDDING BILATERAL TRADE CANE SUGAR COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICE COMMODITY PRICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMERS CORN CORN PRICES COTTON CROP CROP INSURANCE CROP YIELDS CROPS CULTIVATION DEREGULATION DIRECT PAYMENTS DISTORTIONARY EFFECTS ECONOMIC DOWNTURN ECONOMICS ENERGY CROPS ENERGY PRICES ENTITLEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY EQUILIBRIUM ETHANOL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT CREDIT EXPORTS EXPOSURE FAIR FARM FARM INCOME FARM INCOMES FARMER FARMERS FARMING FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUITS FUTURE PROSPECTS GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS GRAZING HORTICULTURAL CROPS IFPRI INCOME INCOMES INFLATION INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LONG-TERM CONTRACTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET DEMAND MARKET DISTORTIONS MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKETING MONETARY POLICY MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMY OIL OIL PRICES OILSEEDS OUTPUT PEANUTS PLANTING POLICY DECISIONS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL RISKS PRICE LEVEL PRICE LEVELS PRICE MOVEMENTS PRICE SUPPORT PRICE SUPPORTS PRODUCE PRODUCER GROUPS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS QUOTAS SAFETY NET SAVINGS SOYBEANS SPRING STAGFLATION SUGAR SURPLUSES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAX TAX CREDIT TAX CREDITS THIRD WORLD TOBACCO TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY URUGUAY ROUND VEGETABLES VOTERS WHEAT WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO YIELDS This paper focuses on the political economy of United States (U.S.) farm policy since the Uruguay round trade negotiations concluded in 1994 and established the World Trade Organization (WTO). The continued ability of the powerful farm lobby in the U.S. to elicit support in the political arena is evident from this analysis. Yet there have been some substantial changes in policy that have reduced their distortionary effects, as well as some setbacks to liberalizing reform. New Doha round commitments could put further constraints on subsidies provided by some U.S. policy instruments. And despite the ability of the farm lobby to retain its support programs through 2012, there are several political uncertainties about the alignments that have allowed U.S. farm support to endure. 2017-09-07T16:36:22Z 2017-09-07T16:36:22Z 2009-05 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/252071468167659875/Determinants-of-farm-policies-in-the-United-States-1996-2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28160 English en_US Agricultural Distortions Working Paper;81 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research United States
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ADVERSE EFFECT AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE AVERAGE YIELDS BIDDING BILATERAL TRADE CANE SUGAR COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICE COMMODITY PRICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMERS CORN CORN PRICES COTTON CROP CROP INSURANCE CROP YIELDS CROPS CULTIVATION DEREGULATION DIRECT PAYMENTS DISTORTIONARY EFFECTS ECONOMIC DOWNTURN ECONOMICS ENERGY CROPS ENERGY PRICES ENTITLEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY EQUILIBRIUM ETHANOL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT CREDIT EXPORTS EXPOSURE FAIR FARM FARM INCOME FARM INCOMES FARMER FARMERS FARMING FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUITS FUTURE PROSPECTS GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS GRAZING HORTICULTURAL CROPS IFPRI INCOME INCOMES INFLATION INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LONG-TERM CONTRACTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET DEMAND MARKET DISTORTIONS MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKETING MONETARY POLICY MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMY OIL OIL PRICES OILSEEDS OUTPUT PEANUTS PLANTING POLICY DECISIONS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL RISKS PRICE LEVEL PRICE LEVELS PRICE MOVEMENTS PRICE SUPPORT PRICE SUPPORTS PRODUCE PRODUCER GROUPS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS QUOTAS SAFETY NET SAVINGS SOYBEANS SPRING STAGFLATION SUGAR SURPLUSES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAX TAX CREDIT TAX CREDITS THIRD WORLD TOBACCO TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY URUGUAY ROUND VEGETABLES VOTERS WHEAT WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO YIELDS
spellingShingle	ADVERSE EFFECT AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL MARKETS AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE AVERAGE YIELDS BIDDING BILATERAL TRADE CANE SUGAR COMMODITIES COMMODITY COMMODITY PRICE COMMODITY PRICES COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMERS CORN CORN PRICES COTTON CROP CROP INSURANCE CROP YIELDS CROPS CULTIVATION DEREGULATION DIRECT PAYMENTS DISTORTIONARY EFFECTS ECONOMIC DOWNTURN ECONOMICS ENERGY CROPS ENERGY PRICES ENTITLEMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY EQUILIBRIUM ETHANOL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT CREDIT EXPORTS EXPOSURE FAIR FARM FARM INCOME FARM INCOMES FARMER FARMERS FARMING FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD POLICY RESEARCH FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTION FRUITS FUTURE PROSPECTS GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS GRAZING HORTICULTURAL CROPS IFPRI INCOME INCOMES INFLATION INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LONG-TERM CONTRACTS MARKET ACCESS MARKET DEMAND MARKET DISTORTIONS MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKETING MONETARY POLICY MULTILATERAL TRADE NATIONAL ECONOMY OIL OIL PRICES OILSEEDS OUTPUT PEANUTS PLANTING POLICY DECISIONS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL RISKS PRICE LEVEL PRICE LEVELS PRICE MOVEMENTS PRICE SUPPORT PRICE SUPPORTS PRODUCE PRODUCER GROUPS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS QUOTAS SAFETY NET SAVINGS SOYBEANS SPRING STAGFLATION SUGAR SURPLUSES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TAX TAX CREDIT TAX CREDITS THIRD WORLD TOBACCO TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY URUGUAY ROUND VEGETABLES VOTERS WHEAT WORLD MARKET WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO YIELDS Orden, David Blandford, David Josling, Timothy Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008
geographic_facet	United States
relation	Agricultural Distortions Working Paper;81
description	This paper focuses on the political economy of United States (U.S.) farm policy since the Uruguay round trade negotiations concluded in 1994 and established the World Trade Organization (WTO). The continued ability of the powerful farm lobby in the U.S. to elicit support in the political arena is evident from this analysis. Yet there have been some substantial changes in policy that have reduced their distortionary effects, as well as some setbacks to liberalizing reform. New Doha round commitments could put further constraints on subsidies provided by some U.S. policy instruments. And despite the ability of the farm lobby to retain its support programs through 2012, there are several political uncertainties about the alignments that have allowed U.S. farm support to endure.
format	Working Paper
author	Orden, David Blandford, David Josling, Timothy
author_facet	Orden, David Blandford, David Josling, Timothy
author_sort	Orden, David
title	Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008
title_short	Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008
title_full	Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008
title_fullStr	Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008
title_full_unstemmed	Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008
title_sort	determinants of farm policies in the united states, 1996-2008
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2017
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/252071468167659875/Determinants-of-farm-policies-in-the-United-States-1996-2008 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28160
_version_	1764465413829165056

Determinants of Farm Policies in the United States, 1996-2008

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