Agricultural Protection and Poverty in Indonesia : A General Equilibrium Analysis

A general equilibrium modeling approach is used to estimate the effects within Indonesia of unilateral and global trade liberalization, including effects on poverty incidence. It is concluded that global reform of trade policy in all commodities is...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Warr, Peter
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2017
Subjects:	ABSOLUTE TERMS ACCOUNTING AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL LAND AGRICULTURAL LIBERALIZATION AGRICULTURAL PRICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL REGIONS AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL SECTORS AGRICULTURAL WORKERS AGRICULTURE BENEFICIARIES CHANGES IN POVERTY COMPETITIVE PROFIT CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSUMER DEMAND CONSUMER GOODS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMER PRICE INDICES CONSUMER PRICES CONSUMERS CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES PER CAPITA CORPORATE INCOME TAXES CURRENCY CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT CURRENT ACCOUNT SURPLUS DEFLATORS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIMINISHING RETURNS DIMINISHING RETURNS TO SCALE DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS DOMESTIC PRICES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMIC SHOCKS ELASTICITY ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION ELASTICITY OF SUPPLY EQUILIBRIUM EXCHANGE RATE EXCISE TAXES EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXPORTS FACTOR DEMAND FARM PRODUCTS FARMER FARMERS FARMING HOUSEHOLDS FINANCIAL CRISIS FIXED CAPITAL FOOD COMMODITIES FOOD POLICY FOOD PRICES FOOD PRODUCTS FOREIGN EXCHANGE GDP DEFLATOR GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS GINI COEFFICIENT GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL TRADE GOVERNMENT BUDGET GOVERNMENT BUDGET DEFICIT GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE GOVERNMENT REVENUE GOVERNMENT SPENDING HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOMES INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GROUPS INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME TAX INEQUALITY INSTRUMENT INTERNATIONAL MARKET INVENTORIES INVENTORY LABOR MARKET MEAT MILK NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY LINE NATIONAL POVERTY LINES PERSONAL INCOME POOR POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PEOPLE POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY REDUCING POVERTY REDUCTION PRICE CHANGES PRICE LEVELS PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY PROFIT MAXIMIZATION PURCHASING POWER RATES OF RETURN REAL GDP RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLD RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POOR RURAL POVERTY RURAL POVERTY INCIDENCE SAVINGS SHEEP SMALL FARMERS STATIC ANALYSIS TARIFF BARRIERS TAX RATE TAX SYSTEM TAXATION TOTAL COSTS TOTAL OUTPUT TRADE BALANCE TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRUST FUNDS UNEMPLOYMENT UTILITY MAXIMIZATION VALUE ADDED VARIABLE COSTS VEGETABLE OILS VEGETABLES WAGES WELFARE IMPLICATIONS WELFARE MEASURE
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/714491468038716150/Agricultural-protection-and-poverty-in-Indonesia-a-general-equilibrium-analysis http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28152

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Summary:	A general equilibrium modeling approach is used to estimate the effects within Indonesia of unilateral and global trade liberalization, including effects on poverty incidence. It is concluded that global reform of trade policy in all commodities is a significant potential source of poverty reduction for Indonesia. The poor rural and urban have a strong interest in global trade policy reform. If Indonesia were to liberalize unilaterally, poverty incidence also will decline but the effect is small. If liberalization is confined to agricultural products, the effects are similar but the declines in poverty incidence within Indonesia are much smaller.

Agricultural Protection and Poverty in Indonesia : A General Equilibrium Analysis

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