Spatial Inequality and Economic Development : Theories, Facts, and Policies

Spatial inequality is an important feature of many developing countries that seems to increase with economic growth and development. At the same time, there seems to be little consensus on the causes of spatial inequality and on a list of effective...

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Main Author:	Kim, Sukkoo
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2017
Subjects:	ABSOLUTE ADVANTAGE ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCIDENTS AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL WORKERS AGRICULTURE AIRCRAFT AUTOMOBILE BACKWARD REGIONS CENTRAL CITIES CENTRAL REGION CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATIC CHANGE COMPETITIVE MARKET CONGESTION CONGESTION COSTS CONSTANT RETURNS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSUMER DEMAND CONSUMERS CROSS-COUNTRY DATA DATA QUALITY DATA SET DECENTRALIZATION DECOMPOSITION IDENTITY DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DIVERSIFICATION DRIVING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC FACTORS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INEQUALITY ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIC POWER ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMIC REVIEW ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMIC STRUCTURES ECONOMICS RESEARCH ECONOMIES OF SCALE EMPIRICAL ADVANCES EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPIRICAL FINDINGS EMPIRICAL LITERATURE EMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIP EMPIRICAL RESEARCH EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPIRICAL SUPPORT EMPIRICAL WORK EMPIRICAL WORKS ETHNIC CONFLICT EXPORTS EXTERNALITIES EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES FACTOR ENDOWMENTS FAMINE FARMERS FISCAL POLICIES FOOD PROCESSING FOREIGN TRADE FUELS FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GINI COEFFICIENT GNP GNP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES GROWING ECONOMY HIGH INEQUALITY HIGH TRANSPORTATION HIGHWAY HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOMES HOUSING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPERFECT COMPETITION INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GROWTH INCOME INEQUALITY INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INDUSTRIAL ECONOMY INDUSTRIALIZATION INEQUALITY MEASURES INEQUALITY RESULTS INEQUALITY WILL INCREASE INFANT MORTALITY INFRASTRUCTURES INHERITANCE INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERREGIONAL CONVERGENCE INTERREGIONAL TRADE INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LAGGING REGIONS MARKET IMPERFECTIONS MOBILITY MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MOTOR VEHICLES MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA NATIONAL SAMPLES NATURAL RESOURCES NEGATIVE CORRELATION NEOCLASSICAL MODEL NEOCLASSICAL MODELS OPTIMIZATION PATRONAGE PERFECT COMPETITION POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL ECONOMY CONSIDERATIONS POLITICAL INSTABILITY POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS POLLUTION POOR POOR DATA POOR REGIONS POPULATION DENSITY POPULATION GROWTH POSITIVE EFFECT POVERTY REDUCTION PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC GOODS PURCHASING POWER RAIL RAIL INVESTMENTS RAPID GROWTH REGIONAL COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE REGIONAL COSTS REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGIONAL DISPARITIES REGIONAL DIVERGENCE REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT REGIONAL ECONOMICS REGIONAL ECONOMIES REGIONAL INCOME REGIONAL INCOME INEQUALITY REGIONAL INCOMES REGIONAL INEQUALITIES REGIONAL INEQUALITY REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS REGIONAL LEVEL REGIONAL LOCATION REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE REGIONAL SCIENCE REGIONAL SPECIALIZATION REGIONAL UNITS REMOTE AREAS RENT SEEKING RESOURCE ENDOWMENTS RETURNS TO SCALE ROAD ROADS RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL HINTERLAND RURAL INCOMES RURAL MARKETS RURAL MIGRANTS RURAL POPULATION RURAL SECTOR RURAL WAGES RURAL WORKER SAVINGS SHARECROPPING SIGNIFICANT IMPACT SKILLED WORKERS SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT SPATIAL DISPARITY SPATIAL IMPACT SPATIAL INEQUALITIES SPATIAL INEQUALITY SPATIAL VARIATIONS TARGETING TAX TAX SUBSIDIES TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRANSPORT TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS UNDERDEVELOPED REGIONS URBAN CONGESTION WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE PREMIUM WAR
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/803661468330972127/Spatial-inequality-and-economic-development-theories-facts-and-policies http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28050

id	okr-10986-28050
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repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ABSOLUTE ADVANTAGE ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCIDENTS AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL WORKERS AGRICULTURE AIRCRAFT AUTOMOBILE BACKWARD REGIONS CENTRAL CITIES CENTRAL REGION CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATIC CHANGE COMPETITIVE MARKET CONGESTION CONGESTION COSTS CONSTANT RETURNS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSUMER DEMAND CONSUMERS CROSS-COUNTRY DATA DATA QUALITY DATA SET DECENTRALIZATION DECOMPOSITION IDENTITY DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DIVERSIFICATION DRIVING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC FACTORS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INEQUALITY ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIC POWER ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMIC REVIEW ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMIC STRUCTURES ECONOMICS RESEARCH ECONOMIES OF SCALE EMPIRICAL ADVANCES EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPIRICAL FINDINGS EMPIRICAL LITERATURE EMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIP EMPIRICAL RESEARCH EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPIRICAL SUPPORT EMPIRICAL WORK EMPIRICAL WORKS ETHNIC CONFLICT EXPORTS EXTERNALITIES EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES FACTOR ENDOWMENTS FAMINE FARMERS FISCAL POLICIES FOOD PROCESSING FOREIGN TRADE FUELS FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GINI COEFFICIENT GNP GNP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES GROWING ECONOMY HIGH INEQUALITY HIGH TRANSPORTATION HIGHWAY HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOMES HOUSING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPERFECT COMPETITION INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GROWTH INCOME INEQUALITY INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INDUSTRIAL ECONOMY INDUSTRIALIZATION INEQUALITY MEASURES INEQUALITY RESULTS INEQUALITY WILL INCREASE INFANT MORTALITY INFRASTRUCTURES INHERITANCE INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERREGIONAL CONVERGENCE INTERREGIONAL TRADE INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LAGGING REGIONS MARKET IMPERFECTIONS MOBILITY MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MOTOR VEHICLES MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA NATIONAL SAMPLES NATURAL RESOURCES NEGATIVE CORRELATION NEOCLASSICAL MODEL NEOCLASSICAL MODELS OPTIMIZATION PATRONAGE PERFECT COMPETITION POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL ECONOMY CONSIDERATIONS POLITICAL INSTABILITY POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS POLLUTION POOR POOR DATA POOR REGIONS POPULATION DENSITY POPULATION GROWTH POSITIVE EFFECT POVERTY REDUCTION PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC GOODS PURCHASING POWER RAIL RAIL INVESTMENTS RAPID GROWTH REGIONAL COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE REGIONAL COSTS REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGIONAL DISPARITIES REGIONAL DIVERGENCE REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT REGIONAL ECONOMICS REGIONAL ECONOMIES REGIONAL INCOME REGIONAL INCOME INEQUALITY REGIONAL INCOMES REGIONAL INEQUALITIES REGIONAL INEQUALITY REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS REGIONAL LEVEL REGIONAL LOCATION REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE REGIONAL SCIENCE REGIONAL SPECIALIZATION REGIONAL UNITS REMOTE AREAS RENT SEEKING RESOURCE ENDOWMENTS RETURNS TO SCALE ROAD ROADS RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL HINTERLAND RURAL INCOMES RURAL MARKETS RURAL MIGRANTS RURAL POPULATION RURAL SECTOR RURAL WAGES RURAL WORKER SAVINGS SHARECROPPING SIGNIFICANT IMPACT SKILLED WORKERS SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT SPATIAL DISPARITY SPATIAL IMPACT SPATIAL INEQUALITIES SPATIAL INEQUALITY SPATIAL VARIATIONS TARGETING TAX TAX SUBSIDIES TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRANSPORT TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS UNDERDEVELOPED REGIONS URBAN CONGESTION WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE PREMIUM WAR
spellingShingle	ABSOLUTE ADVANTAGE ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCIDENTS AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL WORKERS AGRICULTURE AIRCRAFT AUTOMOBILE BACKWARD REGIONS CENTRAL CITIES CENTRAL REGION CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATIC CHANGE COMPETITIVE MARKET CONGESTION CONGESTION COSTS CONSTANT RETURNS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSUMER DEMAND CONSUMERS CROSS-COUNTRY DATA DATA QUALITY DATA SET DECENTRALIZATION DECOMPOSITION IDENTITY DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DIVERSIFICATION DRIVING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC FACTORS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INEQUALITY ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIC POWER ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMIC REVIEW ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMIC STRUCTURES ECONOMICS RESEARCH ECONOMIES OF SCALE EMPIRICAL ADVANCES EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPIRICAL FINDINGS EMPIRICAL LITERATURE EMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIP EMPIRICAL RESEARCH EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPIRICAL SUPPORT EMPIRICAL WORK EMPIRICAL WORKS ETHNIC CONFLICT EXPORTS EXTERNALITIES EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES FACTOR ENDOWMENTS FAMINE FARMERS FISCAL POLICIES FOOD PROCESSING FOREIGN TRADE FUELS FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GINI COEFFICIENT GNP GNP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES GROWING ECONOMY HIGH INEQUALITY HIGH TRANSPORTATION HIGHWAY HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOMES HOUSING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPERFECT COMPETITION INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GROWTH INCOME INEQUALITY INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INDUSTRIAL ECONOMY INDUSTRIALIZATION INEQUALITY MEASURES INEQUALITY RESULTS INEQUALITY WILL INCREASE INFANT MORTALITY INFRASTRUCTURES INHERITANCE INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERREGIONAL CONVERGENCE INTERREGIONAL TRADE INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LAGGING REGIONS MARKET IMPERFECTIONS MOBILITY MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MOTOR VEHICLES MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA NATIONAL SAMPLES NATURAL RESOURCES NEGATIVE CORRELATION NEOCLASSICAL MODEL NEOCLASSICAL MODELS OPTIMIZATION PATRONAGE PERFECT COMPETITION POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL ECONOMY CONSIDERATIONS POLITICAL INSTABILITY POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS POLLUTION POOR POOR DATA POOR REGIONS POPULATION DENSITY POPULATION GROWTH POSITIVE EFFECT POVERTY REDUCTION PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC GOODS PURCHASING POWER RAIL RAIL INVESTMENTS RAPID GROWTH REGIONAL COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE REGIONAL COSTS REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGIONAL DISPARITIES REGIONAL DIVERGENCE REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT REGIONAL ECONOMICS REGIONAL ECONOMIES REGIONAL INCOME REGIONAL INCOME INEQUALITY REGIONAL INCOMES REGIONAL INEQUALITIES REGIONAL INEQUALITY REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS REGIONAL LEVEL REGIONAL LOCATION REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE REGIONAL SCIENCE REGIONAL SPECIALIZATION REGIONAL UNITS REMOTE AREAS RENT SEEKING RESOURCE ENDOWMENTS RETURNS TO SCALE ROAD ROADS RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL HINTERLAND RURAL INCOMES RURAL MARKETS RURAL MIGRANTS RURAL POPULATION RURAL SECTOR RURAL WAGES RURAL WORKER SAVINGS SHARECROPPING SIGNIFICANT IMPACT SKILLED WORKERS SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT SPATIAL DISPARITY SPATIAL IMPACT SPATIAL INEQUALITIES SPATIAL INEQUALITY SPATIAL VARIATIONS TARGETING TAX TAX SUBSIDIES TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRANSPORT TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS UNDERDEVELOPED REGIONS URBAN CONGESTION WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE PREMIUM WAR Kim, Sukkoo Spatial Inequality and Economic Development : Theories, Facts, and Policies
relation	Commission on Growth and Development Working Paper;No. 16
description	Spatial inequality is an important feature of many developing countries that seems to increase with economic growth and development. At the same time, there seems to be little consensus on the causes of spatial inequality and on a list of effective policy instruments that may foster or reduce spatial inequality. This paper examines the theoretical and empirical literature on spatial inequality to learn what we know and do not know about the causes of spatial inequality, to investigate what policies may or may not ameliorate spatial inequality, and to determine whether policy makers can identify and implement policies that promote or reduce spatial inequality.
format	Working Paper
author	Kim, Sukkoo
author_facet	Kim, Sukkoo
author_sort	Kim, Sukkoo
title	Spatial Inequality and Economic Development : Theories, Facts, and Policies
title_short	Spatial Inequality and Economic Development : Theories, Facts, and Policies
title_full	Spatial Inequality and Economic Development : Theories, Facts, and Policies
title_fullStr	Spatial Inequality and Economic Development : Theories, Facts, and Policies
title_full_unstemmed	Spatial Inequality and Economic Development : Theories, Facts, and Policies
title_sort	spatial inequality and economic development : theories, facts, and policies
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2017
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/803661468330972127/Spatial-inequality-and-economic-development-theories-facts-and-policies http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28050
_version_	1764465842660048896
spelling	okr-10986-280502021-04-23T14:04:46Z Spatial Inequality and Economic Development : Theories, Facts, and Policies Kim, Sukkoo ABSOLUTE ADVANTAGE ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCIDENTS AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL WORKERS AGRICULTURE AIRCRAFT AUTOMOBILE BACKWARD REGIONS CENTRAL CITIES CENTRAL REGION CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATIC CHANGE COMPETITIVE MARKET CONGESTION CONGESTION COSTS CONSTANT RETURNS CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSUMER DEMAND CONSUMERS CROSS-COUNTRY DATA DATA QUALITY DATA SET DECENTRALIZATION DECOMPOSITION IDENTITY DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DIVERSIFICATION DRIVING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC FACTORS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INEQUALITY ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIC POWER ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMIC REVIEW ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMIC STRUCTURES ECONOMICS RESEARCH ECONOMIES OF SCALE EMPIRICAL ADVANCES EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPIRICAL FINDINGS EMPIRICAL LITERATURE EMPIRICAL RELATIONSHIP EMPIRICAL RESEARCH EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPIRICAL SUPPORT EMPIRICAL WORK EMPIRICAL WORKS ETHNIC CONFLICT EXPORTS EXTERNALITIES EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES FACTOR ENDOWMENTS FAMINE FARMERS FISCAL POLICIES FOOD PROCESSING FOREIGN TRADE FUELS FUTURE RESEARCH GDP GDP PER CAPITA GINI COEFFICIENT GNP GNP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES GROWING ECONOMY HIGH INEQUALITY HIGH TRANSPORTATION HIGHWAY HIGHWAY INVESTMENTS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOMES HOUSING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPERFECT COMPETITION INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME GROWTH INCOME INEQUALITY INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INDUSTRIAL ECONOMY INDUSTRIALIZATION INEQUALITY MEASURES INEQUALITY RESULTS INEQUALITY WILL INCREASE INFANT MORTALITY INFRASTRUCTURES INHERITANCE INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTERREGIONAL CONVERGENCE INTERREGIONAL TRADE INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LAGGING REGIONS MARKET IMPERFECTIONS MOBILITY MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MOTOR VEHICLES MULTIPLE EQUILIBRIA NATIONAL SAMPLES NATURAL RESOURCES NEGATIVE CORRELATION NEOCLASSICAL MODEL NEOCLASSICAL MODELS OPTIMIZATION PATRONAGE PERFECT COMPETITION POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL ECONOMY CONSIDERATIONS POLITICAL INSTABILITY POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS POLLUTION POOR POOR DATA POOR REGIONS POPULATION DENSITY POPULATION GROWTH POSITIVE EFFECT POVERTY REDUCTION PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC GOODS PURCHASING POWER RAIL RAIL INVESTMENTS RAPID GROWTH REGIONAL COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE REGIONAL COSTS REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT REGIONAL DIFFERENCES REGIONAL DISPARITIES REGIONAL DIVERGENCE REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT REGIONAL ECONOMICS REGIONAL ECONOMIES REGIONAL INCOME REGIONAL INCOME INEQUALITY REGIONAL INCOMES REGIONAL INEQUALITIES REGIONAL INEQUALITY REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS REGIONAL LEVEL REGIONAL LOCATION REGIONAL PERSPECTIVE REGIONAL SCIENCE REGIONAL SPECIALIZATION REGIONAL UNITS REMOTE AREAS RENT SEEKING RESOURCE ENDOWMENTS RETURNS TO SCALE ROAD ROADS RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL HINTERLAND RURAL INCOMES RURAL MARKETS RURAL MIGRANTS RURAL POPULATION RURAL SECTOR RURAL WAGES RURAL WORKER SAVINGS SHARECROPPING SIGNIFICANT IMPACT SKILLED WORKERS SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT SPATIAL DISPARITY SPATIAL IMPACT SPATIAL INEQUALITIES SPATIAL INEQUALITY SPATIAL VARIATIONS TARGETING TAX TAX SUBSIDIES TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRANSPORT TRANSPORTATION COSTS TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS UNDERDEVELOPED REGIONS URBAN CONGESTION WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE PREMIUM WAR Spatial inequality is an important feature of many developing countries that seems to increase with economic growth and development. At the same time, there seems to be little consensus on the causes of spatial inequality and on a list of effective policy instruments that may foster or reduce spatial inequality. This paper examines the theoretical and empirical literature on spatial inequality to learn what we know and do not know about the causes of spatial inequality, to investigate what policies may or may not ameliorate spatial inequality, and to determine whether policy makers can identify and implement policies that promote or reduce spatial inequality. 2017-08-28T21:17:07Z 2017-08-28T21:17:07Z 2008 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/803661468330972127/Spatial-inequality-and-economic-development-theories-facts-and-policies http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28050 English en_US Commission on Growth and Development Working Paper;No. 16 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research

Spatial Inequality and Economic Development : Theories, Facts, and Policies

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