Political Leadership and Economic Reform : The Brazilian Experience in the Context of Latin America
Brazil grew 2.4 percent per year on average in the last 25 years-somewhat less than Latin America, a good deal less than the world, far less than the emerging countries of Asia in the same period, and indeed far less than Brazil itself in previous...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | Portuguese,English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2017
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/265321468018017711/Political-leadership-and-economic-reform-the-Brazilian-experience-in-the-context-of-Latin-America http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28033 |
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okr-10986-28033 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
Portuguese,English en_US |
| topic |
ASSETS BACKBENCHERS BALLOT BOX BANKING CRISIS BANKING SECTOR BANKING SYSTEM BANKRUPTCY BASIS POINTS BENEFICIARIES CABINET CANDIDATES CAPITALIST ECONOMY CENTRAL BANK CHECKS CIVIL SERVANTS CIVIL SOCIETY CLOSED ECONOMY COLLAPSE COMMODITIES CONFIDENCE CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCY CONSTITUENT CORRUPTION CREDIBILITY CREDITOR CREDITOR BANKS CRIME CRITERIA FOR INVESTMENT CRITICAL MASS CURRENCY DEBT DEBT ISSUANCE DEBT RELIEF DEBTS DECENTRALIZATION DECISION MAKING DEFICITS DEMOCRACIES DEMOCRACY DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT DEMOGRAPHIC DEPOSITORS DEPOSITS DEREGULATION DEVALUATION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT BANK DISBURSEMENTS DOMESTIC INFLATION DOMESTIC MARKET DOMINANT PARTY DUE PROCESS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC POWER ECONOMIC REFORM ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC STABILITY ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES ELECTION ELECTORAL SYSTEM ELECTORATE ELECTRONIC MEDIA EQUIPMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT GROWTH EXPOSURE EXTERNAL DEBT FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL CRISES FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL ENGINEERING FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS FISCAL POLICIES FISCAL POLICY FOREIGN CAPITAL FOREIGN DEBT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN INVESTORS FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL INITIATIVE GLOBALIZATION GOVERNMENT ACTIONS GOVERNMENT AGENCIES GROWTH RATES HOLDING INCOME INCOMES INDEBTEDNESS INFLATION INFLATION CRISIS INFLATION RATES INFLATION TARGETING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS INSTRUMENT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL RESERVES INVESTIGATION INVESTING KICKBACKS LAND REFORM LAWS LEADERSHIP LEADERSHIPS LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGISLATION LEGISLATIVE BRANCH LIQUIDITY LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOWER HOUSE MARKET ECONOMY MASS MEDIA MILITARY REGIME MINISTER MONOPOLIES MONOPOLY MULTINATIONAL MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS NATIONAL TREASURY NATURAL RESOURCE OPINION POLLS PARLIAMENTARIANS PARTY POLITICS PATRONAGE PENALTY PENSION PENSION REFORM PENSION SYSTEM PENSIONS PLEBISCITE POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL ACTIVITY POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS POLITICAL LEADER POLITICAL LEADERS POLITICAL LEADERSHIP POLITICAL PARTIES POLITICAL PARTY POLITICAL STABILITY POLITICAL SYSTEM POLITICIAN POLITICIANS PORTFOLIOS POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS PRIVATE INVESTORS PRIVATIZATION PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION PUBLIC DEFICIT PUBLIC OPINION PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SPENDING PURCHASING POWER RATES OF RETURN REFORM PROGRAM REGULATORS REGULATORY BODIES RENEGOTIATIONS REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE REPRESENTATIVES REPRESSION RESERVES REVENUE GROWTH SCANDAL SCANDALS SENIOR GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS SERVICE PROVIDERS SMALL BUSINESS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SECURITY STABILIZATION POLICY STATE BANKS TAX TELECOMMUNICATIONS TRADE ASSOCIATIONS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADING TURNOVER UPPER HOUSES |
| spellingShingle |
ASSETS BACKBENCHERS BALLOT BOX BANKING CRISIS BANKING SECTOR BANKING SYSTEM BANKRUPTCY BASIS POINTS BENEFICIARIES CABINET CANDIDATES CAPITALIST ECONOMY CENTRAL BANK CHECKS CIVIL SERVANTS CIVIL SOCIETY CLOSED ECONOMY COLLAPSE COMMODITIES CONFIDENCE CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCY CONSTITUENT CORRUPTION CREDIBILITY CREDITOR CREDITOR BANKS CRIME CRITERIA FOR INVESTMENT CRITICAL MASS CURRENCY DEBT DEBT ISSUANCE DEBT RELIEF DEBTS DECENTRALIZATION DECISION MAKING DEFICITS DEMOCRACIES DEMOCRACY DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT DEMOGRAPHIC DEPOSITORS DEPOSITS DEREGULATION DEVALUATION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT BANK DISBURSEMENTS DOMESTIC INFLATION DOMESTIC MARKET DOMINANT PARTY DUE PROCESS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC POWER ECONOMIC REFORM ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC STABILITY ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES ELECTION ELECTORAL SYSTEM ELECTORATE ELECTRONIC MEDIA EQUIPMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT GROWTH EXPOSURE EXTERNAL DEBT FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL CRISES FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL ENGINEERING FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS FISCAL POLICIES FISCAL POLICY FOREIGN CAPITAL FOREIGN DEBT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN INVESTORS FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL INITIATIVE GLOBALIZATION GOVERNMENT ACTIONS GOVERNMENT AGENCIES GROWTH RATES HOLDING INCOME INCOMES INDEBTEDNESS INFLATION INFLATION CRISIS INFLATION RATES INFLATION TARGETING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS INSTRUMENT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL RESERVES INVESTIGATION INVESTING KICKBACKS LAND REFORM LAWS LEADERSHIP LEADERSHIPS LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGISLATION LEGISLATIVE BRANCH LIQUIDITY LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOWER HOUSE MARKET ECONOMY MASS MEDIA MILITARY REGIME MINISTER MONOPOLIES MONOPOLY MULTINATIONAL MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS NATIONAL TREASURY NATURAL RESOURCE OPINION POLLS PARLIAMENTARIANS PARTY POLITICS PATRONAGE PENALTY PENSION PENSION REFORM PENSION SYSTEM PENSIONS PLEBISCITE POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL ACTIVITY POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS POLITICAL LEADER POLITICAL LEADERS POLITICAL LEADERSHIP POLITICAL PARTIES POLITICAL PARTY POLITICAL STABILITY POLITICAL SYSTEM POLITICIAN POLITICIANS PORTFOLIOS POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS PRIVATE INVESTORS PRIVATIZATION PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION PUBLIC DEFICIT PUBLIC OPINION PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SPENDING PURCHASING POWER RATES OF RETURN REFORM PROGRAM REGULATORS REGULATORY BODIES RENEGOTIATIONS REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE REPRESENTATIVES REPRESSION RESERVES REVENUE GROWTH SCANDAL SCANDALS SENIOR GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS SERVICE PROVIDERS SMALL BUSINESS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SECURITY STABILIZATION POLICY STATE BANKS TAX TELECOMMUNICATIONS TRADE ASSOCIATIONS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADING TURNOVER UPPER HOUSES Cardoso, Fernando Henrique Graeff, Eduardo Political Leadership and Economic Reform : The Brazilian Experience in the Context of Latin America |
| geographic_facet |
Latin America & Caribbean Brazil |
| relation |
Commission on Growth and Development Working Paper;No. 38 |
| description |
Brazil grew 2.4 percent per year on
average in the last 25 years-somewhat less than Latin
America, a good deal less than the world, far less than the
emerging countries of Asia in the same period, and indeed
far less than Brazil itself in previous decades. If anything
stands out favorably in recent Brazilian experience, it is
not growth but stabilization and the successful opening of
the economy. The purpose of this paper is more modest. It is
limited to setting out the authors' particular view of recent
efforts to consolidate democracy in Brazil while controlling
inflation and resuming economic growth. At the same time the
paper presents, as objectively as possible, some thoughts on
the limits but also the relevance of action by political
leaders to set a course and circumvent obstacles to that
process. Here and there, the paper refers to the experiences
of other Latin American countries, especially Argentina,
Chile, and Mexico, not to offer a full fledged comparative
analysis but merely to note contrasts and similarities that
may shed light on the peculiarities of the Brazilian case
and suggest themes for a more wide-ranging exchange of views. |
| format |
Working Paper |
| author |
Cardoso, Fernando Henrique Graeff, Eduardo |
| author_facet |
Cardoso, Fernando Henrique Graeff, Eduardo |
| author_sort |
Cardoso, Fernando Henrique |
| title |
Political Leadership and Economic Reform : The Brazilian Experience in the Context of Latin America |
| title_short |
Political Leadership and Economic Reform : The Brazilian Experience in the Context of Latin America |
| title_full |
Political Leadership and Economic Reform : The Brazilian Experience in the Context of Latin America |
| title_fullStr |
Political Leadership and Economic Reform : The Brazilian Experience in the Context of Latin America |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Political Leadership and Economic Reform : The Brazilian Experience in the Context of Latin America |
| title_sort |
political leadership and economic reform : the brazilian experience in the context of latin america |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/265321468018017711/Political-leadership-and-economic-reform-the-Brazilian-experience-in-the-context-of-Latin-America http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28033 |
| _version_ |
1764466000868147200 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-280332021-04-23T14:04:46Z Political Leadership and Economic Reform : The Brazilian Experience in the Context of Latin America Cardoso, Fernando Henrique Graeff, Eduardo ASSETS BACKBENCHERS BALLOT BOX BANKING CRISIS BANKING SECTOR BANKING SYSTEM BANKRUPTCY BASIS POINTS BENEFICIARIES CABINET CANDIDATES CAPITALIST ECONOMY CENTRAL BANK CHECKS CIVIL SERVANTS CIVIL SOCIETY CLOSED ECONOMY COLLAPSE COMMODITIES CONFIDENCE CONSTITUENCIES CONSTITUENCY CONSTITUENT CORRUPTION CREDIBILITY CREDITOR CREDITOR BANKS CRIME CRITERIA FOR INVESTMENT CRITICAL MASS CURRENCY DEBT DEBT ISSUANCE DEBT RELIEF DEBTS DECENTRALIZATION DECISION MAKING DEFICITS DEMOCRACIES DEMOCRACY DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT DEMOGRAPHIC DEPOSITORS DEPOSITS DEREGULATION DEVALUATION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT BANK DISBURSEMENTS DOMESTIC INFLATION DOMESTIC MARKET DOMINANT PARTY DUE PROCESS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC POWER ECONOMIC REFORM ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC STABILITY ELECTED REPRESENTATIVES ELECTION ELECTORAL SYSTEM ELECTORATE ELECTRONIC MEDIA EQUIPMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPORT GROWTH EXPOSURE EXTERNAL DEBT FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL CRISES FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL ENGINEERING FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS FISCAL POLICIES FISCAL POLICY FOREIGN CAPITAL FOREIGN DEBT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN INVESTORS FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AGREEMENT GLOBAL ECONOMY GLOBAL INITIATIVE GLOBALIZATION GOVERNMENT ACTIONS GOVERNMENT AGENCIES GROWTH RATES HOLDING INCOME INCOMES INDEBTEDNESS INFLATION INFLATION CRISIS INFLATION RATES INFLATION TARGETING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS INSTRUMENT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL RESERVES INVESTIGATION INVESTING KICKBACKS LAND REFORM LAWS LEADERSHIP LEADERSHIPS LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGISLATION LEGISLATIVE BRANCH LIQUIDITY LOCAL GOVERNMENTS LOWER HOUSE MARKET ECONOMY MASS MEDIA MILITARY REGIME MINISTER MONOPOLIES MONOPOLY MULTINATIONAL MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS NATIONAL TREASURY NATURAL RESOURCE OPINION POLLS PARLIAMENTARIANS PARTY POLITICS PATRONAGE PENALTY PENSION PENSION REFORM PENSION SYSTEM PENSIONS PLEBISCITE POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL ACTIVITY POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS POLITICAL LEADER POLITICAL LEADERS POLITICAL LEADERSHIP POLITICAL PARTIES POLITICAL PARTY POLITICAL STABILITY POLITICAL SYSTEM POLITICIAN POLITICIANS PORTFOLIOS POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS PRIVATE INVESTORS PRIVATIZATION PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION PUBLIC DEFICIT PUBLIC OPINION PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SPENDING PURCHASING POWER RATES OF RETURN REFORM PROGRAM REGULATORS REGULATORY BODIES RENEGOTIATIONS REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE REPRESENTATIVES REPRESSION RESERVES REVENUE GROWTH SCANDAL SCANDALS SENIOR GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS SERVICE PROVIDERS SMALL BUSINESS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SECURITY STABILIZATION POLICY STATE BANKS TAX TELECOMMUNICATIONS TRADE ASSOCIATIONS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADING TURNOVER UPPER HOUSES Brazil grew 2.4 percent per year on average in the last 25 years-somewhat less than Latin America, a good deal less than the world, far less than the emerging countries of Asia in the same period, and indeed far less than Brazil itself in previous decades. If anything stands out favorably in recent Brazilian experience, it is not growth but stabilization and the successful opening of the economy. The purpose of this paper is more modest. It is limited to setting out the authors' particular view of recent efforts to consolidate democracy in Brazil while controlling inflation and resuming economic growth. At the same time the paper presents, as objectively as possible, some thoughts on the limits but also the relevance of action by political leaders to set a course and circumvent obstacles to that process. Here and there, the paper refers to the experiences of other Latin American countries, especially Argentina, Chile, and Mexico, not to offer a full fledged comparative analysis but merely to note contrasts and similarities that may shed light on the peculiarities of the Brazilian case and suggest themes for a more wide-ranging exchange of views. 2017-08-28T20:08:52Z 2017-08-28T20:08:52Z 2008 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/265321468018017711/Political-leadership-and-economic-reform-the-Brazilian-experience-in-the-context-of-Latin-America http://hdl.handle.net/10986/28033 Portuguese,English en_US Commission on Growth and Development Working Paper;No. 38 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research Latin America & Caribbean Brazil |