Regional Power Integration : Structural and Regulatory Challenges

The Central America Regional Electricity Market (MER) trades electricity and transmission capacity among six Central American countries: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. The market differs from other electricity m...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Energy Study
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank 2012
Subjects:	ACCESS TO CAPITAL APPROACH ARBITRATION MECHANISMS ARBITRATION PROCEDURES AUCTIONS AVAILABILITY BALANCE BID PRICE BIDDING BIOMASS CAPITAL COSTS CLIMATE CO COAL COAL PLANTS COLORS COMMERCIALIZATION COMMON MARKET COMPETITIVE BIDDING COMPETITIVE BIDDING PROCEDURES COMPETITIVE PROCESSES CONCESSIONS CONTRACT MARKET CONTRACT PERIODS COSTS OF ELECTRICITY DEBT SERVICING DEMAND GROWTH DIESEL DIFFERENTIAL PRICING DISTRIBUTION CHARGES DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES DOMESTIC MARKETS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFICIENCY GAINS EFFICIENT POWER PLANTS ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION ELECTRICITY DEMAND ELECTRICITY DEMAND GROWTH ELECTRICITY GENERATION ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY ELECTRICITY LAW ELECTRICITY PRICE ELECTRICITY PRICES ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION ELECTRICITY SALES ELECTRICITY SECTOR ELECTRICITY SUPPLY ELECTRICITY SYSTEMS ELECTRIFICATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY CRISIS ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION ENERGY INTENSITY ENERGY POLICY ENERGY PRODUCTION ENERGY SECURITY ENERGY SERVICES ENERGY SOURCES ENERGY SYSTEM ENERGY USE EXCESS POWER FAIR FEASIBILITY STUDIES FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES FINANCIAL RESOURCES FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY FOREIGN INVESTMENT FREE MARKET FREE TRADE FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL OIL FUEL PRICE FUEL PRICES GAS SUPPLIES GAS TURBINES GENERATION GENERATION CAPACITY GENERATION COSTS GENERATION MIX GENERATORS GEOTHERMAL ENERGY GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION HYDROCARBONS HYDROELECTRIC PLANTS HYDROELECTRIC POTENTIAL HYDROELECTRIC POWER HYDROELECTRIC POWER GENERATION HYDROPOWER INCOME INDEPENDENT POWER PRODUCERS INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT COSTS KILOWATT HOUR LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS LNG LNG TERMINAL LOAD FACTOR LOWER COSTS MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COSTS MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET INTEGRATION MARKET POWER MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKET REFORMS MARKET REGULATION MARKET RULES MARKET SUPPLY MONOPOLY NATIONAL GRID NATURAL GAS NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION OIL OIL EQUIVALENT OIL IMPORTS OIL PRICE OIL PRICES OIL PRODUCTION OIL PRODUCTS OIL RESOURCES OPEN ACCESS OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE PEAK DEMAND PETROLEUM POLICY MAKERS POWER POWER COMPANIES POWER CONTRACTS POWER DEMAND POWER GENERATION POWER GENERATION FACILITIES POWER INDUSTRY POWER MARKETS POWER PLANT POWER PLANTS POWER PRODUCER POWER PRODUCERS POWER PRODUCTION POWER PURCHASE POWER PURCHASE AGREEMENTS POWER PURCHASING AGREEMENTS POWER SECTOR POWER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT POWER SECTORS POWER SHORTAGES POWER SUPPLY POWER SYSTEM POWER SYSTEMS POWER TRADE POWER TRANSACTIONS PRICE BIDS PRICE CONTROLS PRICE VOLATILITY PRICING PRINCIPLES PRIMARY ENERGY PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICE PROVIDER PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC UTILITIES PURCHASING REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIAL RENEWABLE GENERATION RENEWABLE POWER RESERVE REQUIREMENTS RESIDENTIAL PRICES RESIDUAL FUEL RETAIL RETAIL COMPETITION RETAIL ELECTRICITY RETAIL ELECTRICITY PRICES RETAIL PRICES RETAIL TARIFFS SALE SERVICE PROVIDERS SOURCE OF ELECTRICITY SPOT MARKET SPOT PRICE SUBSTITUTE SUPPLIER SUPPLY COSTS SURPLUS SURPLUSES THERMAL CAPACITY THERMAL PLANTS TOLLS TOTAL DEMAND TOTAL SALES TRANSMISSION CAPACITY TRANSMISSION GRID TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSMISSION LINE TRANSMISSION LINES TRANSMISSION LOSSES TRANSMISSION SYSTEM TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS VERTICAL INTEGRATION WATER CONCESSIONS WHOLESALE COMPETITION WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY MARKET WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY MARKETS WHOLESALE MARKET WHOLESALE MARKETS WHOLESALE PRICE WIND
Online Access:	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20110721002752 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2766