Regional Power Integration : Structural and Regulatory Challenges
The Central America Regional Electricity Market (MER) trades electricity and transmission capacity among six Central American countries: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. The market differs from other electricity m...
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| Format: | Energy Study |
| Language: | English |
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World Bank
2012
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| Online Access: | http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20110721002752 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2766 |
| id |
okr-10986-2766 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
ACCESS TO CAPITAL APPROACH ARBITRATION MECHANISMS ARBITRATION PROCEDURES AUCTIONS AVAILABILITY BALANCE BID PRICE BIDDING BIOMASS CAPITAL COSTS CLIMATE CO COAL COAL PLANTS COLORS COMMERCIALIZATION COMMON MARKET COMPETITIVE BIDDING COMPETITIVE BIDDING PROCEDURES COMPETITIVE PROCESSES CONCESSIONS CONTRACT MARKET CONTRACT PERIODS COSTS OF ELECTRICITY DEBT SERVICING DEMAND GROWTH DIESEL DIFFERENTIAL PRICING DISTRIBUTION CHARGES DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES DOMESTIC MARKETS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFICIENCY GAINS EFFICIENT POWER PLANTS ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION ELECTRICITY DEMAND ELECTRICITY DEMAND GROWTH ELECTRICITY GENERATION ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY ELECTRICITY LAW ELECTRICITY PRICE ELECTRICITY PRICES ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION ELECTRICITY SALES ELECTRICITY SECTOR ELECTRICITY SUPPLY ELECTRICITY SYSTEMS ELECTRIFICATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY CRISIS ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION ENERGY INTENSITY ENERGY POLICY ENERGY PRODUCTION ENERGY SECURITY ENERGY SERVICES ENERGY SOURCES ENERGY SYSTEM ENERGY USE EXCESS POWER FAIR FEASIBILITY STUDIES FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES FINANCIAL RESOURCES FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY FOREIGN INVESTMENT FREE MARKET FREE TRADE FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL OIL FUEL PRICE FUEL PRICES GAS SUPPLIES GAS TURBINES GENERATION GENERATION CAPACITY GENERATION COSTS GENERATION MIX GENERATORS GEOTHERMAL ENERGY GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION HYDROCARBONS HYDROELECTRIC PLANTS HYDROELECTRIC POTENTIAL HYDROELECTRIC POWER HYDROELECTRIC POWER GENERATION HYDROPOWER INCOME INDEPENDENT POWER PRODUCERS INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT COSTS KILOWATT HOUR LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS LNG LNG TERMINAL LOAD FACTOR LOWER COSTS MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COSTS MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET INTEGRATION MARKET POWER MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKET REFORMS MARKET REGULATION MARKET RULES MARKET SUPPLY MONOPOLY NATIONAL GRID NATURAL GAS NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION OIL OIL EQUIVALENT OIL IMPORTS OIL PRICE OIL PRICES OIL PRODUCTION OIL PRODUCTS OIL RESOURCES OPEN ACCESS OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE PEAK DEMAND PETROLEUM POLICY MAKERS POWER POWER COMPANIES POWER CONTRACTS POWER DEMAND POWER GENERATION POWER GENERATION FACILITIES POWER INDUSTRY POWER MARKETS POWER PLANT POWER PLANTS POWER PRODUCER POWER PRODUCERS POWER PRODUCTION POWER PURCHASE POWER PURCHASE AGREEMENTS POWER PURCHASING AGREEMENTS POWER SECTOR POWER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT POWER SECTORS POWER SHORTAGES POWER SUPPLY POWER SYSTEM POWER SYSTEMS POWER TRADE POWER TRANSACTIONS PRICE BIDS PRICE CONTROLS PRICE VOLATILITY PRICING PRINCIPLES PRIMARY ENERGY PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICE PROVIDER PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC UTILITIES PURCHASING REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIAL RENEWABLE GENERATION RENEWABLE POWER RESERVE REQUIREMENTS RESIDENTIAL PRICES RESIDUAL FUEL RETAIL RETAIL COMPETITION RETAIL ELECTRICITY RETAIL ELECTRICITY PRICES RETAIL PRICES RETAIL TARIFFS SALE SERVICE PROVIDERS SOURCE OF ELECTRICITY SPOT MARKET SPOT PRICE SUBSTITUTE SUPPLIER SUPPLY COSTS SURPLUS SURPLUSES THERMAL CAPACITY THERMAL PLANTS TOLLS TOTAL DEMAND TOTAL SALES TRANSMISSION CAPACITY TRANSMISSION GRID TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSMISSION LINE TRANSMISSION LINES TRANSMISSION LOSSES TRANSMISSION SYSTEM TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS VERTICAL INTEGRATION WATER CONCESSIONS WHOLESALE COMPETITION WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY MARKET WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY MARKETS WHOLESALE MARKET WHOLESALE MARKETS WHOLESALE PRICE WIND |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO CAPITAL APPROACH ARBITRATION MECHANISMS ARBITRATION PROCEDURES AUCTIONS AVAILABILITY BALANCE BID PRICE BIDDING BIOMASS CAPITAL COSTS CLIMATE CO COAL COAL PLANTS COLORS COMMERCIALIZATION COMMON MARKET COMPETITIVE BIDDING COMPETITIVE BIDDING PROCEDURES COMPETITIVE PROCESSES CONCESSIONS CONTRACT MARKET CONTRACT PERIODS COSTS OF ELECTRICITY DEBT SERVICING DEMAND GROWTH DIESEL DIFFERENTIAL PRICING DISTRIBUTION CHARGES DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES DOMESTIC MARKETS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFICIENCY GAINS EFFICIENT POWER PLANTS ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION ELECTRICITY DEMAND ELECTRICITY DEMAND GROWTH ELECTRICITY GENERATION ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY ELECTRICITY LAW ELECTRICITY PRICE ELECTRICITY PRICES ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION ELECTRICITY SALES ELECTRICITY SECTOR ELECTRICITY SUPPLY ELECTRICITY SYSTEMS ELECTRIFICATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY CRISIS ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION ENERGY INTENSITY ENERGY POLICY ENERGY PRODUCTION ENERGY SECURITY ENERGY SERVICES ENERGY SOURCES ENERGY SYSTEM ENERGY USE EXCESS POWER FAIR FEASIBILITY STUDIES FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES FINANCIAL RESOURCES FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY FOREIGN INVESTMENT FREE MARKET FREE TRADE FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL OIL FUEL PRICE FUEL PRICES GAS SUPPLIES GAS TURBINES GENERATION GENERATION CAPACITY GENERATION COSTS GENERATION MIX GENERATORS GEOTHERMAL ENERGY GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION HYDROCARBONS HYDROELECTRIC PLANTS HYDROELECTRIC POTENTIAL HYDROELECTRIC POWER HYDROELECTRIC POWER GENERATION HYDROPOWER INCOME INDEPENDENT POWER PRODUCERS INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT COSTS KILOWATT HOUR LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS LNG LNG TERMINAL LOAD FACTOR LOWER COSTS MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COSTS MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET INTEGRATION MARKET POWER MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKET REFORMS MARKET REGULATION MARKET RULES MARKET SUPPLY MONOPOLY NATIONAL GRID NATURAL GAS NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION OIL OIL EQUIVALENT OIL IMPORTS OIL PRICE OIL PRICES OIL PRODUCTION OIL PRODUCTS OIL RESOURCES OPEN ACCESS OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE PEAK DEMAND PETROLEUM POLICY MAKERS POWER POWER COMPANIES POWER CONTRACTS POWER DEMAND POWER GENERATION POWER GENERATION FACILITIES POWER INDUSTRY POWER MARKETS POWER PLANT POWER PLANTS POWER PRODUCER POWER PRODUCERS POWER PRODUCTION POWER PURCHASE POWER PURCHASE AGREEMENTS POWER PURCHASING AGREEMENTS POWER SECTOR POWER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT POWER SECTORS POWER SHORTAGES POWER SUPPLY POWER SYSTEM POWER SYSTEMS POWER TRADE POWER TRANSACTIONS PRICE BIDS PRICE CONTROLS PRICE VOLATILITY PRICING PRINCIPLES PRIMARY ENERGY PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICE PROVIDER PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC UTILITIES PURCHASING REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIAL RENEWABLE GENERATION RENEWABLE POWER RESERVE REQUIREMENTS RESIDENTIAL PRICES RESIDUAL FUEL RETAIL RETAIL COMPETITION RETAIL ELECTRICITY RETAIL ELECTRICITY PRICES RETAIL PRICES RETAIL TARIFFS SALE SERVICE PROVIDERS SOURCE OF ELECTRICITY SPOT MARKET SPOT PRICE SUBSTITUTE SUPPLIER SUPPLY COSTS SURPLUS SURPLUSES THERMAL CAPACITY THERMAL PLANTS TOLLS TOTAL DEMAND TOTAL SALES TRANSMISSION CAPACITY TRANSMISSION GRID TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSMISSION LINE TRANSMISSION LINES TRANSMISSION LOSSES TRANSMISSION SYSTEM TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS VERTICAL INTEGRATION WATER CONCESSIONS WHOLESALE COMPETITION WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY MARKET WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY MARKETS WHOLESALE MARKET WHOLESALE MARKETS WHOLESALE PRICE WIND World Bank Regional Power Integration : Structural and Regulatory Challenges |
| geographic_facet |
Latin America & Caribbean Central America |
| description |
The Central America Regional Electricity
Market (MER) trades electricity and transmission capacity
among six Central American countries: Costa Rica, El
Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. The
market differs from other electricity markets worldwide
because it has its own regulatory body and system operator.
Economic integration of the Central American countries has
followed a natural evolution. The continuous increase in the
demand for goods and services has been accompanied by
political and institutional arrangements leading to the
materialization of commercial and trade agreements aimed at
benefiting the nationals of all the integrated nations at
the lowest possible cost. This is particularly true in the
electricity sector, which provides a key development service
for the achievement of sustainable growth. In fact,
electricity integration through cross-border power trade has
been discussed by the Central American countries since the
late 1970s. This report analyzes the progress of the Central
American integrated electricity market, including the
institutional, legal, regulatory and contractual framework
of the MER and of each of the six national markets. It then
identifies the main barriers that will have to be addressed
in order to ensure a successful evolution to full operation
of the Central American Electrical Interconnection System
(SIEPAC) interconnection system and achieve true market integration. |
| format |
Economic & Sector Work :: Energy Study |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Regional Power Integration : Structural and Regulatory Challenges |
| title_short |
Regional Power Integration : Structural and Regulatory Challenges |
| title_full |
Regional Power Integration : Structural and Regulatory Challenges |
| title_fullStr |
Regional Power Integration : Structural and Regulatory Challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Regional Power Integration : Structural and Regulatory Challenges |
| title_sort |
regional power integration : structural and regulatory challenges |
| publisher |
World Bank |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20110721002752 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2766 |
| _version_ |
1764385916971909120 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-27662021-04-23T14:02:04Z Regional Power Integration : Structural and Regulatory Challenges World Bank ACCESS TO CAPITAL APPROACH ARBITRATION MECHANISMS ARBITRATION PROCEDURES AUCTIONS AVAILABILITY BALANCE BID PRICE BIDDING BIOMASS CAPITAL COSTS CLIMATE CO COAL COAL PLANTS COLORS COMMERCIALIZATION COMMON MARKET COMPETITIVE BIDDING COMPETITIVE BIDDING PROCEDURES COMPETITIVE PROCESSES CONCESSIONS CONTRACT MARKET CONTRACT PERIODS COSTS OF ELECTRICITY DEBT SERVICING DEMAND GROWTH DIESEL DIFFERENTIAL PRICING DISTRIBUTION CHARGES DISTRIBUTION COMPANIES DOMESTIC MARKETS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIES OF SCALE EFFICIENCY GAINS EFFICIENT POWER PLANTS ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION ELECTRICITY DEMAND ELECTRICITY DEMAND GROWTH ELECTRICITY GENERATION ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY ELECTRICITY LAW ELECTRICITY PRICE ELECTRICITY PRICES ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION ELECTRICITY SALES ELECTRICITY SECTOR ELECTRICITY SUPPLY ELECTRICITY SYSTEMS ELECTRIFICATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY CRISIS ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION ENERGY INTENSITY ENERGY POLICY ENERGY PRODUCTION ENERGY SECURITY ENERGY SERVICES ENERGY SOURCES ENERGY SYSTEM ENERGY USE EXCESS POWER FAIR FEASIBILITY STUDIES FINANCIAL CONSEQUENCES FINANCIAL RESOURCES FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY FOREIGN INVESTMENT FREE MARKET FREE TRADE FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL OIL FUEL PRICE FUEL PRICES GAS SUPPLIES GAS TURBINES GENERATION GENERATION CAPACITY GENERATION COSTS GENERATION MIX GENERATORS GEOTHERMAL ENERGY GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION HYDROCARBONS HYDROELECTRIC PLANTS HYDROELECTRIC POTENTIAL HYDROELECTRIC POWER HYDROELECTRIC POWER GENERATION HYDROPOWER INCOME INDEPENDENT POWER PRODUCERS INTERNATIONAL INVESTORS INVESTMENT CLIMATE INVESTMENT COSTS KILOWATT HOUR LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS LNG LNG TERMINAL LOAD FACTOR LOWER COSTS MARGINAL COST MARGINAL COSTS MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET INTEGRATION MARKET POWER MARKET PRICE MARKET PRICES MARKET REFORMS MARKET REGULATION MARKET RULES MARKET SUPPLY MONOPOLY NATIONAL GRID NATURAL GAS NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION OIL OIL EQUIVALENT OIL IMPORTS OIL PRICE OIL PRICES OIL PRODUCTION OIL PRODUCTS OIL RESOURCES OPEN ACCESS OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE PEAK DEMAND PETROLEUM POLICY MAKERS POWER POWER COMPANIES POWER CONTRACTS POWER DEMAND POWER GENERATION POWER GENERATION FACILITIES POWER INDUSTRY POWER MARKETS POWER PLANT POWER PLANTS POWER PRODUCER POWER PRODUCERS POWER PRODUCTION POWER PURCHASE POWER PURCHASE AGREEMENTS POWER PURCHASING AGREEMENTS POWER SECTOR POWER SECTOR DEVELOPMENT POWER SECTORS POWER SHORTAGES POWER SUPPLY POWER SYSTEM POWER SYSTEMS POWER TRADE POWER TRANSACTIONS PRICE BIDS PRICE CONTROLS PRICE VOLATILITY PRICING PRINCIPLES PRIMARY ENERGY PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICE PROVIDER PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC UTILITIES PURCHASING REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIAL RENEWABLE GENERATION RENEWABLE POWER RESERVE REQUIREMENTS RESIDENTIAL PRICES RESIDUAL FUEL RETAIL RETAIL COMPETITION RETAIL ELECTRICITY RETAIL ELECTRICITY PRICES RETAIL PRICES RETAIL TARIFFS SALE SERVICE PROVIDERS SOURCE OF ELECTRICITY SPOT MARKET SPOT PRICE SUBSTITUTE SUPPLIER SUPPLY COSTS SURPLUS SURPLUSES THERMAL CAPACITY THERMAL PLANTS TOLLS TOTAL DEMAND TOTAL SALES TRANSMISSION CAPACITY TRANSMISSION GRID TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSMISSION LINE TRANSMISSION LINES TRANSMISSION LOSSES TRANSMISSION SYSTEM TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS VERTICAL INTEGRATION WATER CONCESSIONS WHOLESALE COMPETITION WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY MARKET WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY MARKETS WHOLESALE MARKET WHOLESALE MARKETS WHOLESALE PRICE WIND The Central America Regional Electricity Market (MER) trades electricity and transmission capacity among six Central American countries: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. The market differs from other electricity markets worldwide because it has its own regulatory body and system operator. Economic integration of the Central American countries has followed a natural evolution. The continuous increase in the demand for goods and services has been accompanied by political and institutional arrangements leading to the materialization of commercial and trade agreements aimed at benefiting the nationals of all the integrated nations at the lowest possible cost. This is particularly true in the electricity sector, which provides a key development service for the achievement of sustainable growth. In fact, electricity integration through cross-border power trade has been discussed by the Central American countries since the late 1970s. This report analyzes the progress of the Central American integrated electricity market, including the institutional, legal, regulatory and contractual framework of the MER and of each of the six national markets. It then identifies the main barriers that will have to be addressed in order to ensure a successful evolution to full operation of the Central American Electrical Interconnection System (SIEPAC) interconnection system and achieve true market integration. 2012-03-19T10:13:00Z 2012-03-19T10:13:00Z 2011-01-01 http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000333037_20110721002752 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/2766 English CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank Economic & Sector Work :: Energy Study Latin America & Caribbean Central America |